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         ÿΓ∩√Ω· ≤ô±·≈ô                  
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          1F       ñÆ≈≤±ô    
    1F + tlA       ñÆ≈≤±ô■ Ωû∩ⁿ 
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    2F + tlA       £ôùÄ ≤⌐ô≤ⁿ ≈ô
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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  1 - ù√µô≥   "   ....  tressA__   "
o£≤ô≤£· Æ√⌠ ù√µô≥ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó√ó ±ºÿóß√ºÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ∞ô±≡ ù√µô≥ ñÆ √ôóóÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û· óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ Æ»επ ó≈√ó. &
  2 - ù√µô≥   " ñáóÆó ∞±û⌡ó ₧ôΘα· "
Ñóñ ½⌡ñÿ√∞· Æ√⌠ ù√µô≥ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó√ó. £≤ô≤£· ûñ≤ô±·Æ■ óñ  ₧ôΘα· ±Ω√≥ ûô⌐ó )±ô≤≤ó CN ⌡ ΘôñºⁿºôÑ≈ô ⌡  ...( ûô√ºÿⁿ æ≤°ô ñÆ ÆÑ ₧ôΘα· áôñ¢ ⌡ ºù¿Å ûñ≤ô±·  ñÆ ÆÜñÆ ∞≤√ó.   



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ñÆ≈≤±ÉÉÉô         ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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Æ√⌠ Ω±ºÿÄ óñûôñ∙ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ñÆ≈≤±ôöⁿ≈ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ûá¬Å≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ûñ≤ô±· ÿ⌡¡√₧ôÿⁿ ñÆ ÆñÆö· ±ⁿó≈ó ⌡ óñ ±⌡ñó ñ⌡¬Å ºñ√Σ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ñÆ≈≤±ô ⌡ √ô ≈≤φô≥ ûñ⌡Ñ ûΓ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ±⌐∞εÿÄ ì Æ»εßôÿÄ º⌡ó±≤ó■ ñÆ óñ Æáÿ√ôñ ∞ôñûñ ±ⁿφúÆñó. ≈±£≤√⌠ óñ ûôñ∙ û⌐ñ■ ⌡ √ôº√⌠ ±»ô∩ûⁿ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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   Θ°ñºÿÄ ñÆ≈≤±ô            
   ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡             
   ±⌐∞εÿÄ                   




 
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THelpTopict ╞════════════════════════╔▄
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ⌐ô±≡ φÑ√≤·Æöⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÿ⌡º» æ≤°ô Æ±∞ô⌠ ≤±ô√¬Å ∞ÿôûÄ ±√ºñ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ±ÿ⌡≤ⁿ ∞· óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ Ü°ÿÄ ≤±ô√¬Å ûñφÑ√ó ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ : Æ
   á»û·≈ô                  
   ≤ô±·≈ô                  
   ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ             
   ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ                
   ½Θ₧·                    




         
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ±ÿ≤⌡ßⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ≈ñ √∞Ä Æ±∞ô⌠ ÿ₧Ω√δ ⌡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ óñ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±√ºñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ∞ôñûñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ≈ñ ∞óÆ≥ óñ ßñ½·≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ÿ₧Ω√Ωⁿì Æ∩Θôα ⌡ ±Θô≈√≥ ±⌡ñó≤αñ ñÆ ùª⌡≈¬Å ∞≤ó ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ÆΩºô≥ ±ÿ≤⌡ßⁿ ÆÑ ÜºÿÜ⌡■ ºôó∙ φñΘÿ· ÿô ÜºÿÜ⌡≈ôöⁿ ûô ⌐ñ»°ô■ ±≤»Ωⁿ ⌡ √ô ±ñÆÜΓ· û· Θ°ñºÿ°ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ±ô≤≤ó Θ°ñºÿÄ æ√ôÿÄì Θ°ñºÿÄ  ≤ô±°ôì Θ°ñºÿÄ ±Θô≈√≥ì óñ ûñ≤ô±· ∩₧ôα ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  	



    
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ù√ÉÉ⌡ºÿÄ          ║█
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╤óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±»ô∩ûⁿ φÑÆñ¬Å φ⌡≤· ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ ß∩√· Æ∩½∩⌡∙ ⌡ Æ∩ºε≥ì ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ  ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠ Æ⌐Γôñ■ óñ ±≤ΩûÿÄ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠ ⌡ ≤√Ñ ÿ½ô⌡√ñ■ ÆÑ ≤ÜΘÄ Æ⌐ñΘÄ û· ûñ≤ô±· ù√⌡ºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. /
Ωº±ÿÄ Æ⌡≡ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ⌐á½√ÿÄ ±⌡ε■ ±ÿΩ√ô⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æûⁿ »ô∩ûÄ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ ⌡ ±áÿ½ñ■ ÆÑ ⌐ñƒ Æ₧⌡Æ≡ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ±ô≤≤ó ⌡εóÿÄì Æ±ô±ÿÄ ⌡ Θ¡ôö≡ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ±»ô∩ûⁿ  ñÆ ÆñÆö· ±ⁿó≈ó.óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ó⌡≥ óñûôñ∙ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ⌡√ªφⁿ≈ô■ æ⌠ ⌡ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ º⌡≥  ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ⌐ñƒ Æ₧⌡Æ≡ Æ⌡ì û· û₧ÖÄ ùñóÆáÿ· ⌐ó∙  ÆºÿÄ. 



  
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ φÑ√≤·≈ôöⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û⌡º√∩· æ≤°ô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ Æ±∞ô≤ôÿÄ ûñ≤ô±· ñÆ  ÿµ√√ñ óÆó ⌡ ±»ôûδ ó∩á⌡Æ∙ ÿ≤α√≥ ∞ñó. 
 Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤·≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ:
⌡
   ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó                  ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó
   á»                         ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ á»
   ≤±ô√⌐φñ                    ûñÆ■ ÿ≤α√≥ ≤±ô√⌐φñ
   ñ≤φÄ                       ûñÆ■ ÿµ√√ñ ñ≤φÄ ûñ≤ô±·
   ó√φñ                       .......




         
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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ûñÆ■ û· ùô√ô⌠ ñºô≤ó⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ⌡ ûñφ⌐ÿ⌠ û· º»ƒ º√ºÿ≥ ßô±≡ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ÆºÿΘôó∙  ∞≤√ó. Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ÆÜñÆ■ û⌐ñ■ ñÆ û· ùô√ô⌠ ±ⁿñºô≤ó. ÿ±ô±ⁿ ⌡√ª∙φⁿ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ  φÑ√≤· Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ì ûñφÑ√ó∙ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ±ô≤≤ó á» ì ñ≤φÄ ì ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ÿ⌡º» ûñ≤ô±·  úá√ñ∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. óñ ÆÜñÆ■ ûΓó■ û⌐ñ■ Æ√⌠ ⌡√ªφⁿ≈ô■ úá√ñ∙ ⌐ó∙ ±⌡ñó ÆºÿΘôó∙ ΩñÆñ á⌡Æ≈ó  φñΘÿÄ ⌡ û⌐ñ■ ±ÜóóÆ ±»ôûδ æ≤°ô ÿ≤α√≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. 



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ á»û·≈ô■ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æûⁿ »ô∩ûÄ)π( óñ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ì  ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó pU ⌡ nwoD ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó á»û·≈ô ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ⌡ á»û· Ωû≡ √ô ûΓó ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. ÿµ√√ñ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ≤⌐ô≤· ≈ñ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û·:
u
   ≤ô±·                    
   ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ             
   ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ                
   ½Θ₧·                    





        
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ≤ô±·≈ô■ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠ )π( óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û⌡º√∩·  ≤±ô√⌐φñ  û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ÿµ√√ñ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤· ±ÿ⌠ì ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ≈ñ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD  ≤ô±· Ωû≡ ⌡ ûΓó ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
u
   á»û·                    
   ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ             
   ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ                
   ½Θ₧·                    




          
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠ )π( ñÆ óñ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ±⌐ô≈ó∙  á⌡Æ≈√ó ∞ñó. 

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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■  û· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ óñ º· ûá¬Å ÿΓ∩√Ω·á»û·≈ô ì ÿΓ∩√Ω·≤ô±·≈ô ì  ÿΓ∩√Ω·∞∩±ôÿÄΩ½ôñ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. ≈≤φô≥ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡  óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡óì ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ñû⌡» û· ≈ñ Ω±ºÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. 

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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞ÿôûÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ½Θ₧· û· ½Θ₧· ±⌐ô≈ó∙  ∞≤√ó ⌡ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pu ⌡ nwod ½Θ₧·≈ô■ Ωû≡ ⌡ ûΓó ñÆ ûû√≤√ó ⌡ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó. 



      
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■  û· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ÿΓ∩√Ω·á»û·≈ô  ≈≤φô≥ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡  óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡óì ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ñû⌡» û· ≈ñ Ω±ºÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó 

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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■  û· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ÿΓ∩√Ω·≤ô±·≈ô  ≈≤φô≥ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡  óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡óì ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ñû⌡» û· ≈ñ Ω±ºÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó 

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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■  û· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ÿΓ∩√Ω·∞∩∩±ôÿÄΩ½ôñ   ≈≤φô≥ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡  óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡óì ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ñû⌡» û· ≈ñ Ω±ºÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±· ∞· Æºôºⁿÿñ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤⌡Æπ  ùª⌡≈¬Å≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ûô ±ñÆÜΓ· û· Θ°ñºÿÄ √ô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ∞∩±· ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿÄ ûô Æ±∞ô⌠  ÆΘÑ⌡ó⌠ ⌐ñ⌡» ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ±≤»Ωⁿì óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óºÿ√ôûⁿ û· ∞∩±ôÿÄ ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿ°ô û· æºô≤ÿñ√⌠ ⌡ ºñ√Σÿñ√⌠ ⌡Ü·  Æ±∞ô⌠ùú√ñ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ½Θ₧· ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ »ñÆ₧ⁿ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠  û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å √ô ½Θ₧·∞∩√ó ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó. 



   
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ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·Æ■ ÆÑ ±Θô≈√≥ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ÿñÜ±·  ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ  ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±Θô≈√≥ì æ≤£· ÆÑ ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ±ñû⌡»  û·æ⌠ ûô⌐ó û· ≤±ô√¬Å φúÆ⌐ÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ûñÆ■ ÿ₧Ω√δ ±⌡¡⌡ßⁿì ±≤ôºûÄ ÆºÿÄ. ÆºÿáñÆ¢ Æ√⌠ ±Θô≈√≥  ûñÆºô¿Å Θ°ñºÿÄ ±Θô≈√≥ ∞ÿôûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· ÿ⌡º» Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■  ÿ≤α√≥ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ φÑ√≤· æ√ôÿÄì Θ°ñºÿÄ æ√·≈ô■ Ωñæ⌠ ±Ü√ó ∞· óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·  ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ æ√·≈ô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ æ√ôÿÄì ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ∞· æ√·  ±⌡ñó ≤αñ óñ æ⌠ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó. 



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ φÑ√≤· ₧ó√Ö°ôì Θ°ñºÿÄ ₧ó√Ö°ÉÉôöⁿ ∞· óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·  ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ₧ó√Ö°ÉÉô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ ₧ó√Ö°ôì ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ∞· ₧ó√ÖÄ   ±⌡ñó ≤αñ óñ æ⌠ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó. 



      
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì óÆñÆ■ ó⌡ φÑ√≤· ⌐Γñ≈ô■ßñûⁿ ⌡ ⌐Γñ≈ô■Θôñºⁿ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ⌐Γñ≈ô■ßñûⁿ ⌐Γñ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ⌐Γñ≈ô■Θôñºⁿ ⌐Γñ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ ÿñÜ±· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√⌐⌡ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ ⌐Γñì ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó.  	



    
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ⌐ô±≡ º· φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· û⌡º√∩· æ≤°ô Θ°ñºÿⁿ  ÆÑ Æßε≥ Æ⌐áô¼Åì Æºô±ⁿ Üô√°ô ⌡ Ü≤φ°ô ⌡ Æºô±ⁿ ∞ÿôû°ôöⁿ û· ≤±ô√¬Å φúÆ⌐ÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó  ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ ú∞ñ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤ô±°ô û⌡º√∩· φÑ√≤· æ⌠ì ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. 



   
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Ö


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ⌐Γñ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√⌐⌡ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ ⌐Γñ óñÆ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄì ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó.  
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :

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ƒ


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ⌐Γñ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ ÿñÜ±· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√⌐⌡ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ ⌐Γñ óñÆ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄì ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó.  
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :

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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿⁿ ÆÑ Æßε≥ Æ⌐áô¼Å ñÆ û· ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿφúÆñó ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ  ú∞ñ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤ô±°ô ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. 
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿⁿ ÆÑ Æºô±ⁿ ±∞ô≤°ô ⌡ Ü≤φ°ô ñÆ û· ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿφúÆñó ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ  ú∞ñ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤ô±°ô ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. 
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿⁿ ÆÑ Æºô±ⁿ ±∞ô≤°ô ⌡ Ü≤φ°ô ñÆ û· ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿφúÆñó ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ  ú∞ñ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤ô±°ô ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. 
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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THelpTopicî ╞══════════════════════════════╔▄
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±⌐ÿ±≡ ±»ô∩ûⁿ ÆºÿÄ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( ºñ Θ½≡ Æ√⌠ ±»ô∩ûÄ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ │  
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   Ö±ñ∙ ≤á≡ ⌡ε√ÿÄ
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   ÆΘ⌡≡ á⌡ñ⌐√ó ≤û⌡ÿÄ ⌡ æσôÑ Θÿ≤·≈ô   
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   ñ⌡√ôñ⌡√ⁿ ûô ≤ô∞Ö√⌠ ⌡ ΘôÜΓ· Ü±≡   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±»ô∩ûⁿ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ß≤ô⌡√⌠ Æ√⌠ ±»ô∩ûÄ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: a
   ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· £√ºÿÄî
   ±ô≤óφôñ■ ⌡ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
   ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞√ºÿÄî
   ≤φô≈ⁿ û· ±Ωó±· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
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   ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ±⌡ñó û₧ÖÄ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
   ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ Æóûⁿ ⌡ ûεσⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
   ±óÆñ∞Ä ⌡ ±½ôóñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
   ⌐ñ₧°ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
   ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·
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THelpTopicö ╞════════════════════════════════╔▄
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ⌐ô±≡ ±»ô∩ûⁿ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄ ûΓ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ß≤ô⌡√⌠ Æ√⌠ ±»ô∩ûÄ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: ⌡
   º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ∞√ºÿÄ î 
   áô≤óÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ 
   Æ⌡½ôπ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ óñ ß½ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   Æºôÿ√ó º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   ΘΩô≈ÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   ΩóñÿÄ ⌐ôßñ■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ 
   ±≤ô½ûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ 
   ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   ⌡ΘôÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ
   º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ≤φô∙ ó√φñÆ⌠ 
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±»ô∩ûÄ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ºô₧≡ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ÿô∩√ΘÄ Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ ±₧±ó  ÆûñÆ≈√≥≤ªÆó ûñφñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  



           
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THelpTopicÇ ╞═══════════════════════════╔▄
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÿ½ô⌡√ñ■ ûó√Σ ÆÑ ±ºÜóÆ∩₧ñÆ≥ì ±ºÜó ÆεΩ½ⁿì ûôñφô∙ ≤⌡ñÆ≤ⁿ  ₧¡ñÿÄÆ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠)π( ⌡ Æ±ô∞⌠ ±⌐ñΘ· Æö±· Æ»°ôñ ⌡ ÿ½ô⌡√ñ■ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·ì ≈±ñÆ∙ ûô ≤ô≥ ûñ≤ô±· ⌡ æñ≥ óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ì û· ûñ≤ô±· ±∩₧δ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ ÿ½⌡√ñì æ⌠ ñÆ óñ ½Θ₧·≤±ô√¬Å ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. ûñÆ■ ûñφ⌐ÿÄ û· ûñ≤ô±· ∞∩√ó csE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó.   εÑ≥ û· ÿú∞ñ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û· áô»ñ ºôÑφôñ■ ûô ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ⌡ ≤√Ñ ∞≥∞ñó⌠ ₧Ü≥  Θô√≡ ÿ½ô⌡√ñì ÿ½ô⌡√ñ Θ⌡δ óñ Æ≤óÆÑ∙  002 è 023  ≤Ω»· ⌡ 652 ñ≤φÄì ûô ∞√Θ√ÿÄ ±Γ±⌡∩ⁿì ¡û» ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  



  
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û⌡º√∩· Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ æñÆ√¬Å ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Θôñºⁿ óñ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ñÆì ±»ôûδ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ  º· ≤⌡π : 9
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ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Üô√φô∙ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ óñ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ΘΓô≡ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó 4F ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
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óñ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■  5 ≤⌡π á» óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä  ⌐∞≡ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Θôñºⁿ ñÆ ÿµ√√ñ óÆó. Æ√⌠ á» ≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: D
   û⌐ñ■     )ù√¬Å Θñ«Å(
   ≤⌡ñ
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≈±£≤√⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ .... ⌡ .... ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ á»⌡»  û½⌡ñÿÄ £ñá⌐ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ ....á» Ωû∩ⁿ ⌡ ∞∩√ó....á» ûΓó■ì á» ΘΓ∩ⁿ ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£· á» ΘΓ∩ⁿ ÿñÆΘ√∞Ä ûô⌐ó ∞∩√ó....á» ≤⌡ñ ⌡ ∞∩√ó.... á» ∞⌡Θⁿ ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿºôÑó. S


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óñ Æ√⌠ Ω±ºÿÄ º· φÑ√≤· óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√⌐φñ º√ºÿ≥  ÿ≤α√≥ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ù√¬Å Θñ«Å ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡∩ⁿ £≤ô≤£· ÆÑ ≤±ô√⌐φñ º√ô∙ ⌡ºΘ√ó  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó φÑ√≤· º√ô∙ ⌡ ºΘ√ó ⌡ óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· óÆñÆ■ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ÿ∞Ä ñ≤φÄ DCL ±ⁿûô⌐√ó φÑ√≤· ÿ∞Ä ñ≤φÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó. 

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THelpTopicd ╞════════════════════╔▄
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óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· óÆñÆ■ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ûô⌐√ó ⌡ φÑ√≤· ≤±ô√⌐φñ ±»ôûδ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ÿ≤α√≥ ⌐ó∙ ûô⌐ó ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤·ì φÑ√≤·≈ô ⌡ ù≤Üñ≈ô■ ûñ≤ô±· ñÆ ±»ôûδ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ £°ôñ ñ≤φÄ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ÿµ√√ñ ó≈√ó. ñ≤φ°ô û· ÿñÿ√ûÄ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: 5
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≈±£≤√⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 1F+TFIHS  ⌡ 2F+TFIHS ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ≤φ°ô óñ ÿ±ô±ⁿ Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ûñ≤ô±·ì û½⌡ñÿÄ £ñá⌐ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. ∞∩√ó ΘΓô≡ 1F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ ûΓó■ ⌡ ∞∩√ó 2F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ Ωû∩ⁿì ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£· ñ≤φÄ ΘΓ∩ⁿ ½áñ∙ ûô⌐ó ∞∩√ó 1F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ æº±ô⌠ ⌡ ∞∩√ó 2F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ ∞⌡√ñ ñÆ  ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿºôÑó.  
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ φÑ√≤·≈ôöⁿ ≈ºÿÄ ∞· û⌡º√∩· æ≤°ô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ £ôùφñ ñÆ ûñÆ■ £ôùÄ ±ÿ⌠≈ô  ⌡ ≤ÿôö¢ ùª⌡≈¬Å æ±ôó∙ ⌡ ÿ≤α√≥ ≤±⌡ó Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤·≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ : X
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£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "ºôßÿÄ" ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ºôßÿÄ º√ºÿ≥ óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ £≤ô≤£· Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· σ√ñ ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ºôßÿÄ óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ≤±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. Ä
£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "½óÆ" ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ûñ≤ô±· óñ áôÿ±· ≈ñ ÆÜñÆì Ñ≤φÄ )peeb( º√ºÿ≥ ñÆ û· ½óÆ óñ±ⁿæ⌡ñó ⌡ ûñÆ■ ûⁿ ½óÆ ∞ñó⌠ æ⌠ φÑ√≤· ½óÆ ñÆ σ√ñ ΘΓô≡ ∞≤√ó. f
£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ æñ≥"  ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó æñ≥ √ôº√⌠ ∞· óñ Ñ±√≤· ûñ≤ô±· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ á⌡Æ≈ó óÆ⌐ÿÄ. 



   
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Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ º· φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó. q

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φÑ√≤· Æ⌡≡ ±Ωó±· ≤ô⌐ñ ÿ₧ÿÄ ß≤⌡Æ⌠ "ÿ⌡¡√ƒ ≤ô⌐ñ" ⌡ φÑ√≤· ó⌡≥ ±Ωó±· Æºÿôó  ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ ⌡ φÑ√· º⌡≥ ±Ωó±· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ )ñ∙(  ñÆ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ⌡ñó. 



      
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ûñÆ■ ÿô√√ó ≈ñ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ )Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤·≈ôì ±⌡ñó≈ô óñ ≈ñ Θ°ñºÿÄ≈ô ⌡ ÿô√√ó ⌡¡Γ√ÿÄ≈ô ⌡ ºô√ñ ±⌡Æñó( ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE √ô Θ⌐ôñ óÆó⌠ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å  φÑ√≤· ÿô√√ó ñÆ ûñÆ■ ⌐ñ⌡π ß±∩√ôÿÄ ûΓó■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó. 



      
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 ╨      Æ≤½ñÆΘÄ       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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Ç


ûñÆ■ Æßε≥ Æ≤½ñÆΘÄ ÆÑ ≈ñ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ )Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤·≈ôì ⌡ √ô Æ≤½ñÆΘÄ ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡¡Γ√ÿÄ≈ô ⌡ ºô√ñ ±⌡Æñó( φÑ√≤· Æ≤½ñÆΘÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· û⌡º√∩· ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å √ô ΩñÆñ óÆó⌠ Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å  ûñ⌡■ Ωº±ÿÄ ╒╪ ⌡ Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó ±ô⌡¿Å ûñ≤ô±· ÆÑ ±ñ₧∩· ΘΓ∩ⁿ û· ±ñ₧∩· Ωû∩ⁿ ûñá⌡Æ≈ó φ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ∞∩√· ÿµ√√ñÆÿÄ ⌡ Æ≤ÿáôû°ô ≤ôó√ó∙ φñΘÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó csE ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó. 



       
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THelpTopic	x ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      ½Θ₧É· ∞∩√Éó        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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V


û⌡º√∩· Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ æñÆ√¬Å ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Θôñºⁿ óñ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ñÆì ±»ôûδ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ  º· ≤⌡π : 9
   ≤⌡ñ            )ù√¬Å Θñ«Å(
   Æ√ñÆ⌠ º√ºÿ≥
   ºô√·

ÿ≤α√≥ ∞ñó. ¢
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ )( ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙  ±⌡ñó ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Æ√⌠ ß±≡ ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å Æ≤Üô≥ óÆó.  E
ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Üô√φô∙ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ óñ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ΘΓô≡ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó 4F ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
;
   á»                      
   ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡            




       
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THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        áÉÉÉÉ»        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
é


óñ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ 5 ≤⌡π á» óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä  ⌐∞≡ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Θôñºⁿ ñÆ ÿµ√√ñ óÆó. Æ√⌠ á» ≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: D
   û⌐ñ■     )ù√¬Å Θñ«Å(
   ≤⌡ñ
   ÿñÆΘ√∞Ä
   ∞⌡Θⁿ
   Æ√ñÆ≤√∞Ä
■
≈±£≤√⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ .... ⌡ .... ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ á»⌡»  û½⌡ñÿÄ £ñá⌐ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ ....á» Ωû∩ⁿ ⌡ ∞∩√ó....á» ûΓó■ì á» ΘΓ∩ⁿ ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£· á» ΘΓ∩ⁿ ÿñÆΘ√∞Ä ûô⌐ó ∞∩√ó....á» ≤⌡ñ ⌡ ∞∩√ó.... á» ∞⌡Θⁿ ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿºôÑó. ö
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ á» ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ )( ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙  ±⌡ñó ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Æ√⌠ ß±≡ ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å Æ≤Üô≥ óÆó.  R

 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
    ½Θ₧·∞∩√ó               
    ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡           




       
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ≤±ÉÉô√⌐φÉñ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ω±ºÿÄ º· φÑ√≤· óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√⌐φñ º√ºÿ≥  ÿ≤α√≥ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ù√¬Å Θñ«Å ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡∩ⁿ £≤ô≤£· ÆÑ ≤±ô√⌐φñ º√ô∙ ⌡ºΘ√ó  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó φÑ√≤· º√ô∙ ⌡ ºΘ√ó ⌡ óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· óÆñÆ■ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ÿ∞Ä ñ≤φÄ DCL ±ⁿûô⌐√ó φÑ√≤· ÿ∞Ä ñ≤φÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó. Ö
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ )( ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙  ±⌡ñó ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Æ√⌠ ß±≡ ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å Æ≤Üô≥ óÆó.  
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :

   ñ≤φÄ               





     
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THelpTopicd ╞════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ñ≤ÉφÄ       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
⌡


óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· óÆñÆ■ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ûô⌐√ó ⌡ φÑ√≤· ≤±ô√⌐φñ ±»ôûδ ≤±ô√⌐φñ ñ≤φⁿ ÿ≤α√≥ ⌐ó∙ ûô⌐ó ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤·ì φÑ√≤·≈ô ⌡ ù≤Üñ≈ô■ ûñ≤ô±· ñÆ ±»ôûδ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ £°ôñ ñ≤φÄ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ÿµ√√ñ ó≈√ó. ñ≤φ°ô û· ÿñÿ√ûÄ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: 5
   ½áñ∙
   æº±ô⌠ 
   Æ≤ôñ 
   Ñ√ÿ⌡⌠  
   ∞⌡√ñ 
7
≈±£≤√⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 1F+TFIHS  ⌡ 2F+TFIHS ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ≤φ°ô óñ ÿ±ô±ⁿ Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ûñ≤ô±·ì û½⌡ñÿÄ £ñá⌐ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. ∞∩√ó ΘΓô≡ 1F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ ûΓó■ ⌡ ∞∩√ó 2F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ Ωû∩ⁿì ñÆ ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£· ñ≤φÄ ΘΓ∩ⁿ ½áñ∙ ûô⌐ó ∞∩√ó 1F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ æº±ô⌠ ⌡ ∞∩√ó 2F+TFIHS ñ≤φÄ ∞⌡√ñ ñÆ  ΘΓô≡ ±ⁿºôÑó.  û
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ñ≤φÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ )( ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙  ñ≤φÄ ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Æ√⌠ ß±≡ ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å Æ≤Üô≥ óÆó.  
 ≈±£≤√⌠ ≤φô∙ ⌐⌡ó û· :
;
   ≤±ÉÉô√⌐φÉñ              
   ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡            




          
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
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 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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£≤ô≤£· Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌐⌡ó ûΓó ÆÑ ùô√ô⌠ £ôùÄì ∞ôσú û⌡º√∩· £ôùφñ ñó á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó óñ½⌡ñÿÄ ΘΓô≡ ≤û⌡ó⌠ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤·ì ûΓó ÆÑ ùô√ô⌠ £ôùÄì ∞ôσú óñ £ôùφñ ûÜô á⌡Æ≈ó ±ô≤ó óñ≤ÿ√Ü· £ôùÄ ûΓó■ óñ ÆóÆ±· ½Θ₧· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿφ√ñó. ╦
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ñÆ ûñ⌡■ æ⌠ φÑ√≤· ûñó∙ ⌡ ∞∩√ó ecapS ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó ⌡ √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤· ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ Θ⌐ôñ ó≈√ó.  ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ X ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ  ⌐ó⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  




        
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ≤É⌡π £ÉÉôùφñ      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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Ü


û⌡º√∩· Æ√⌠ Ω±ºÿÄ ≤⌡π £ôùφñ ñÆ ÿΓ√√⌠ ∞≤√ó. £≤ô≤£· óÆñÆ■ £ôùφñ ∩√Ñ■ ≈ºÿ√ó φÑ√≤· ∩√Ññ■ ⌡ £≤ô≤£· ÆÑ £ôùφñ º⌡Ñ≤ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó φÑ√≤· º⌡Ñ≤ⁿ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ╖
ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ñÆ ûñ⌡■ æ⌠ φÑ√≤· ûñó∙ ⌡ √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤· ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ Θ⌐ôñ ó≈√ó.  ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ () ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ  ⌐ó⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  



      
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      ÿΓñ√ΘÄ Θ⌡≤ÿÄ       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ⌡ Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE ₧ô∩ÿÄ £ôùÄ Θôñºⁿ ûñÆ■ £ôùφñ ÿΓ√√⌠ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. £≤ô≤£· ûñ≤ô±· ñÆ óñ ≈≤φô≥ ñ⌡⌐⌠ û⌡ó⌠ £ôùφñ ÆÜñÆ ∞ñó∙Æ√ó ≤√ôÑ■ û· ÿΓñ√ΘÄ Θ⌡≤ÿÄ ≤√ºÿÄ ⌡∩ⁿ £≤ô≤£· óñ û√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· £ôùφñ ñÆ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ∞ñó∙Æ√ó ûô√ºÿⁿ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ñÆ ûñÆ■ æ±ôó∙ ºôÑ■ £ôùφñ ÆÜñÆ ∞≤√ó 



  
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THelpTopich ╞═════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ºôßÿÄ        ║█
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  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Å


£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "ºôßÿÄ" ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ºôßÿÄ º√ºÿ≥ óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ £≤ô≤£· Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· σ√ñ ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ºôßÿÄ óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ≤±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. =
ûñÆ■ ΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ ⌡ σ√ñΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤·  " ] [ ºôßÿÄ "
ûûñó∙ ⌡ ∞∩√ó ecapS ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó ⌡ √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤· Θ⌡δ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ Θ⌐ôñ ó≈√ó.  ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ X ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ΘΓô≡ û⌡ó⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  


       
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THelpTopicp ╞═══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ½ÉÉÉÉÉóÆ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
É


£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "½óÆ" ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ûñ≤ô±· óñ áôÿ±· ≈ñ ÆÜñÆì ñ≤φÄ )peeb( º√ºÿ≥ ñÆ û· ½óÆ óñ±ⁿæ⌡ñó ⌡ ûñÆ■ ûⁿ ½óÆ ∞ñó⌠ æ⌠ φÑ√≤· ½óÆ ñÆ σ√ñ ΘΓô≡ ∞≤√ó. =
ûñÆ■ ΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ ⌡ σ√ñΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤·  " ] [ ½ÉóÆ "
ûûñó∙ ⌡ ∞∩√ó ecapS ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó ⌡ √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤· Θ⌡δ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ Θ⌐ôñ ó≈√ó.  ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ X ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ΘΓô≡ û⌡ó⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  



       
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨     ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ æñ≥      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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ñ


£≤ô≤£· φÑ√≤· "₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ æñ≥"  ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó æñ≥ √ôº√⌠ ∞· óñ Ñ±√≤· ûñ≤ô±· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ á⌡Æ≈ó óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ûñÆ■ ΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ ⌡ σ√ñΘΓô≡∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤·  " ] [ ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ºñ√Σ æñ≥ "
ûûñó∙ ⌡ ∞∩√ó ecapS ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó ⌡ √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ φÑ√≤· Θ⌡δ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ Θ⌐ôñ ó≈√ó.  ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ X ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ΘΓô≡ û⌡ó⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  



         
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THelpTopicä ╞════════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨         ºô√ñ ±»ô∩ûÄ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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Ü
óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óñ ûôñ∙ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ÿ⌡¡√₧ôÿⁿ ±ⁿæ√ó ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ ±ΓñΘⁿ ûñ≤ô±·  ⌡ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ æ⌠ ⌡ φÑÆñ¬Åφ⌡≤·Æ■ ÆÑ ñ⌡≤ó ÿ°√· æ⌠ì ÿ⌡º» óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó.            
	


     
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨         ÿ⌐ÉÉÉÉ∞ñ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
û


óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÆÑ ÿ±ô±ⁿ ÆΘñÆó )₧Ω√Ωⁿ √ô ₧Ω⌡Ωⁿ( ∞· ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ñÆ ÿ°√· ∞ñó∙ ⌡ √ô óñ ñ⌡≤ó ÿ°√· æ⌠  óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠  ñÆ √ôñ■ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ÿ⌐∞ñ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



  
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THelpTopicz ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨         ⌐±ÉÉÉôñ∙        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
 
W


ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ √∞Ä ±⌡ñó áô¼Å ÆÑ á»û·≈ôì ≤ô±·≈ôì ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ⌡ æ√· ⌡ ºô√ñ  ±⌡Æñó óñ ≈ñ Ωº±ÿÄì óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ æ⌠ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó. ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Θ°ñºÿÄ û· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó £≤ô≤£· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ óñ ±₧ó⌡ó∙ Θ°ñºÿÄ ≤ûô⌐ó Æßε≥ á»ô á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó . ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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THelpTopicÇ ╞═══════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨         ûôÑφ⌐ÉÉÿÄ         ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
╥


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· û⌡º√∩· ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å √ô ΩñÆñ óÆó⌠ Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å  ûñ⌡■ Ωº±ÿÄ ╒╪ ⌡ Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó ±ô⌡¿Å ûñ≤ô±· ÆÑ ±ñ₧∩· ΘΓ∩ⁿ û· ±ñ₧∩· Ωû∩ⁿ ûñá⌡Æ≈ó φ⌐ÿÄ. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó csE ≤√Ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó. 	



    
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THelpTopicé ╞═══════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨         ∞É≡ ∞ÿÉôûÄ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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ó

ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ±₧ó⌡ó∙ ≤±ô√¬Å óñ Æ√⌠ ≈≤φô≥ ∞≡ ∞ÿôûÄ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó.  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ½Θ₧ôÿÄ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ±ε₧α· ∞≤√ó. 




        
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      Θ°ñºÿÄ á»û·≈ô      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄì ß≤ô⌡√⌠ á»û·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ∩√ºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■  ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó á»û· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ñ≤φÄ ±ÿ±ô√Ñ Ñ±√≤· ß≤⌡Æ⌠  á»û· ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ á»û· ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ≈ñ√∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ß≤ô⌡√⌠ óÆñÆ■ ⌐±ôñ∙ á»û· ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· óñûôε■  ß≤⌡Æ⌠ á»û· ±⌐á¼Å ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      Θ°ñºÿÄ ≤ô±·≈ô      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄì ß≤ô⌡√⌠ ≤ô±·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ∩√ºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■  ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ≤ô±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ñ≤φÄ ±ÿ±ô√Ñ Ñ±√≤· ß≤⌡Æ⌠  ≤ô±· ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ≤ô±· ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ≈ñ√∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ß≤ô⌡√⌠ óÆñÆ■ ⌐±ôñ∙ ≤ô±· ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· óñûôε■  ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ≤ô±· ±⌐á¼Å ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



   
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THelpTopicÉ ╞═══════════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄì ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ∩√ºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■  ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ñ≤φÄ ±ÿ±ô√Ñ Ñ±√≤· óñ ≈ñ ±⌡ñó  ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ±⌡ñó ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ≈ñ√∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ß≤ô⌡√⌠ óÆñÆ■ ⌐±ôñ∙ ≤ô±· ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· óñûôε■  ∞∩±· Ω½ôñ ±⌐á¼Å ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



   
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THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       á»û·Üôñ■       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
 


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ á»û· Üôñ■ )√Γ≤ⁿ á»û·Æ■ ∞· óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ á»û·≈ô ΘΓô≡ ±√ûô⌐ó ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤· ±ÿ±ô√Ñ ÆºÿÄ( û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ±₧ó⌡ó∙ ≤±ô√¬Å óñ Æ√⌠ ≈≤φô≥ ÆÑ ÆûÿóÆ■ ÿô Æ≤ÿ°ô■ á»û· Üôñ■ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó ∞· û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ á»û· ñÆ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞ñó. 



   
][
THelpTopicp ╞═══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       á»ûÉ·≈ÉÉÉô      ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



 
Θûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ÿ±ô±ⁿ á»û·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ûô ≤±ô√¬Å ≈ñ á»û·ì á»û· ûΓó æ⌠ ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ á⌡Æ≈ó  ∞· û· Æ√⌠ ⌡º√∩· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó á»û·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞≤√ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞≡ á»û· ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó.  



       
][
THelpTopict ╞════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      ≤ô±É·ÜÉÉôñ■       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀


 
ⁿûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ≤ô±· Üôñ■ )√Γ≤ⁿ ≤ô±·Æ■ ∞· óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ≤ô±·≈ô ΘΓô≡ ±√ûô⌐ó ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤· ±ÿ±ô√Ñ ÆºÿÄ( û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ±₧ó⌡ó∙ ≤±ô√¬Å óñ Æ√⌠ ≈≤φô≥ ÆÑ ÆûÿóÆ■ ÿô Æ≤ÿ°ô■ ≤ô±· Üôñ■ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó ∞· û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ≤ô±· ñÆ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞ñó. ][
THelpTopicp ╞═══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ≤ÉÉô±·≈ô       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



 
Θûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ÿ±ô±ⁿ ≤ô±·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ûô ≤±ô√¬Å ≈ñ ≤ô±·ì ≤ô±· ûΓó æ⌠ ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ á⌡Æ≈ó  ∞· û· Æ√⌠ ⌡º√∩· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ≤ô±·≈ô■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞≤√ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞≡ ≤ô±· ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó. 



      
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      ±⌡ñó ÜÉÉôñ■        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Ü


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ±⌡ñó Üôñ■ ÆÑ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ )√Γ≤ⁿ ±⌡ñó■ ∞· óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ΘΓô≡ ±√ûô⌐ó ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ñ≤φÄ Ñ±√≤· ±ÿ±ô√Ñ ÆºÿÄ( û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ][
THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨       ₧∞±ÿ°Éô        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀



ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ±ÿ⌠ ÿ±ô±ⁿ ₧∞±ÿ°ô ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ûô ≤±ô√¬Å ≈ñ á»û·ì á»û· ûΓó æ⌠ ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ á⌡Æ≈ó  ∞· û· Æ√⌠ ⌡º√∩· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞≤√ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ∞≡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó.  



  
][
THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ßûôñÿÄ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
9


óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ⌡Æñó ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ ûô ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ßûôñÿÄ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ û· ±ÿ⌠ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ⌐ó∙ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ  ÿµ√√ñ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó.  £≤ô≤£· óñ ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ßûôñÿÄ á»ô√ⁿ ½⌡ñÿÄ φ√ñó ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿÄ óñ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ≤ûô⌐ó º√ºÿ≥ Æßε≥ á»ô ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



  
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THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ±ÿÉÉÉ⌠        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
⌠


ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· æ⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÆÑ ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ  ±⌡ñó Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌐ó∙ óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ÆºÿÄ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ÿ±ô√Ñ ñ≤φÄ óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ≤±ô≤φñ ±⌡ñó ±≤ÿáûÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ  ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡ ±ÿ⌠ ±ñû⌡» û· æ⌠ ñÆ ±ε₧α· ∞≤√ó. 



   
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THelpTopicl ╞══════════════════════╔▄
 ╨        ñÆ≈≤±Éô       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
y


óñ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ ∞ÿôûÄ ÿ⌡º» ó∞ÿñ ⌐°√ó■ ÿ≤α√≥ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ Ωôû≡ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿ°ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: ╔
   ±Θô≈√≥              
   æ√ôÿÄ               
   ₧ó√Ö°ô              
   ⌐Γñ≈ô■ Θôñºⁿ        
   ⌐Γñ≈ô■ ßñûⁿ         
   ≤ô≥ Æ⌐áô¼Å          
   Üô√°ô ⌡ Ü≤φ°ô       
   ∞ÿôû°ô              




 
▐Ω▀αΣ5πNσgµÇτÖ][
THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨     Θ°ñºÿÄ ±Θô≈√≥       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
╜


óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Θ°ñºÿⁿ ÆÑ ±Θô≈√≥ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ±⌡¡⌡π ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
][
THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨     Θ°ñºÿÄ æ√ôÿÄ        ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
┐


óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì æ√ôÿÄ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó æ√· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
][
THelpTopict ╞════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨     Θ°ñºÿÄ₧ó√Ö°ô       ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì ₧ó√Ö°ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠  Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ₧ó√ÖÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Æ⌐Γôñ ßñûⁿ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠  Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ⌐Γñ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Æ⌐Γôñ Θôñºⁿ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠  Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ⌐Γñ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Æßε≥ Æ⌐áô¼Å û∞ôñ ñΘÿ· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠  Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ≤ô≥ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ  Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì Æºô±ⁿ Üô√°ô ⌡ Æºô±ⁿ Ü≤φ°ô ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠  û∞ôñ ñΘÿ·ì Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ≤ô≥ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ  Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì ≤ô≥ ∞ÿôû°ôöⁿ ∞· óñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √ô ÿΓ∩√ΩôÿÄ æ⌠ û∞ôñ ñΘÿ·  Θ°ñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ±ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ≤ô≥ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ  Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ∞∩√ó retnE ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



   
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ûñÆ■ º°⌡∩ÿÄ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ∞∩±· √ô ßûôñÿÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñì ½Θ₧· ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ∩Θûô »ñÆ₧ⁿ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ  û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ Æ√⌠ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞ñó ⌡ ∞∩±· ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿÄ  ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ≤±⌡ó. û· Üô■ ±ô⌡¿Åì ÆÑ ∞∩√ó ÿñ∞√ûⁿ retnE+lrtC ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ₧ñΘⁿ ∞· ±∞ô⌠≤±ô ûñ⌡■ æ⌠ ΩñÆñ óÆñó ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó. ≈±£≤√⌠ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó 4F Üô√φô∙ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ ñÆ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ⌡ ûñÆ■ ⌡Æñó ≤±⌡ó⌠ ∞∩±· √ô ßûôñÿÄ ÆÑ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó.   



   
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ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ Üô■áô∩ⁿ ∞∩±· ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. Æ¡ôΘ· ∞ñó⌠ Üô■áô∩ⁿ û√⌠ ∞∩±ôÿÄ óñ ßûôñÿÄ û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ÿñ∞√ûÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ û½⌡ñÿÄ √∞Ä ßûôñÿÄ  ±ⁿûô⌐ó óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ß±≡ ùª⌡≈¬Å  óñ óÆ±≤·  Üôñ■ ûñÆ■ ßûôñÿÄ  ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ Æ≤Üô≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ≤ÿ√Ü· ÜºÿÜ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄì ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ  ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ æ≤°ô ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ûô⌐ó. 



   
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ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ß±∩φñ & ì ∞∩±· ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. Æ¡ôΘ· ∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ ß±∩φñ û√⌠ ∞∩±ôÿÄ óñ ßûôñÿÄ û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ÿñ∞√ûÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ û½⌡ñÿÄ √∞Ä ßûôñÿÄ  ûô ÿñ∞√ûÄ ß»ÉΘⁿ ) "∞∩±·" ⌡ "∞∩±·" ⌡ ... ( ±ⁿûô⌐ó óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ß±≡ ùª⌡≈¬Å   óñ óÆ±≤· Üôñ■ ûñÆ■ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ Æ≤Üô≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ≤ÿ√Ü· ÜºÿÜ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄì ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ  ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ æ≤°ô ∞∩±ôÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ûô⌐ó Æφñ £· ÿñÿ√ûÄ ⌡ ÿñ∞√ûÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ  û½⌡ñÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ≤ûô⌐ó. 



   
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ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ß±∩φñ | ì ∞∩±· ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. Æ¡ôΘ· ∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ ß±∩φñ û√⌠ ∞∩±ôÿÄ óñ ßûôñÿÄ û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ÿñ∞√ûÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ û½⌡ñÿÄ √∞Ä ßûôñÿÄ  ûô ÿñ∞√ûÄ Θ½∩Éⁿ ) "∞∩±·" √ô "∞∩±·" √ô ... ( ±ⁿûô⌐ó óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ß±≡ ùª⌡≈¬Å   óñ óÆ±≤·  Üôñ■  ûñÆ■ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ Æ≤Üô≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ≤ÿ√Ü· ÜºÿÜ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄì ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ  ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ æ≤°ô ₧ó ÆΩ≡ √∞ⁿ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ûô⌐ó. 



   
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ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ß±∩φñ ! ì ∞∩±· ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. Æ¡ôΘ· ∞ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ ß±∩φñ û· ÆûÿóÆ■ √∞Ä ∞∩±· û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ±⌐ñ⌡» ≤±⌡ó⌠ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ û· ≤û⌡ó æ⌠  ∞∩±· ±ⁿûô⌐ó óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ß±≡ ùª⌡≈¬Å   óñ óÆ±≤· Üôñ■ ûñÆ■ ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ Æ≤Üô≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ≤ÿ√Ü· ÜºÿÜ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄì ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ₧ô⌡■ ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ) ∞∩±·Æ■ ∞· û°±ñÆ∙ ! ±√ûô⌐ó( ≤ûô⌐ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ û⌡º√∩· ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ Üó⌡≡ Æ∩Θûô ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ ûô ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ∞∩±· Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ  û· ±₧∩ⁿ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ∞· ∞∩±· óñ æ⌠ ⌡ÆΩΣ ÆºÿÄ . £≤ô≤£· óñ ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ á»ô√ⁿ ½⌡ñÿÄ φ√ñó ⌡ √ô ∞∩±· óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ≤ûô⌐ó º√ºÿ≥ Æßε≥ á»ô ±ⁿ∞≤ó. £≤ô≤£· óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ≤⌡π Θ°ñºÿÄ ì Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ°ô ΘΓô≡ ûô⌐ó ûô√ºÿⁿ ∞∩±· ñÆ ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ æ⌠ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó. ûΓó ÆÑ Æÿ±ô≥ ∞∩±· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ æ⌠ ñÆ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó snI √ô Üô■áô∩ⁿ û· Ωº±ÿÄ  ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ √ô ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞ñó ÿô ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡  ⌐ñ⌡π ⌐⌡ó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ∞· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ æ≤ñÆ ûô ß±∩φñ≈ô■ ±≤»Ωⁿ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠  ûá¬Å ≈±ñÆ∙ ≤±⌡óì ⌡Æñó ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ≤₧⌡∙ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ßûôñÿÄ û· Æ√⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÆûÿóÆ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ∞∩±· √∞Ä ∞∩±·  û⌡º√∩· ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ Üó⌡≡ Æ∩Θûô ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ûΓó ÆÑ Æÿ±ô≥ ∞∩±· û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó snI √ô Üô■áô∩ⁿ æ⌠ ∞∩±· û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡  ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ∞∩±ôÿÄ ûΓó■ û· ≈±√⌠ ÿñÿ√ûÄ û· ßûôñÿÄ ±∩₧δ ±ⁿφñóó. ûñÆ■ ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ß±∩φñ≈ô■ ±≤»Ωⁿ æ≤°ô ñÆ ÆÑ »ñ√δ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó.    f
ûΓó ÆÑ ÿ∞±√≡ ßûôñÿÄ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ÿô ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ Æ≤Üô≥ φ√ñó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 
  


   
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ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ √∞Ä ±⌡ñó áô¼Å ÆÑ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ æ⌠ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó. ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì ∩√ºÿÄ û· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó £≤ô≤£· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ óñ ±₧ó⌡ó∙ ∩√ºÿÄ ≤ûô⌐ó Æßε≥ á»ô á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó . ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞∩±· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ æ⌠ ñÆ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó snI √ô Üô■áô∩ⁿ û· Ωº±ÿÄ  ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ √ô ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó retnE ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞ñó ÿô  ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ⌐ñ⌡π ⌐⌡ó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 



 
    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å  ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 
 


    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥ áô≤⌡Æó∙ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. ÿµ√√ñ ∞∩±· ΘΓô≡ óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ )ÆÑ ÆûÿóÆ( ì ±⌡ÜûÄ ÿµ√√ñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ û»⌡ñ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å  ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó.  
	

 
    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å  ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 
  


    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥ áô≤⌡Æó∙ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. ÿµ√√ñ ∞∩±· ΘΓô≡ óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ )ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ°ô( ì ±⌡ÜûÄ ÿµ√√ñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ û»⌡ñ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å  ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó.  
	

 
    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ· ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ùª⌡≈¬Å≈ô ûñ Æºô¿Å ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿφ√ñó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£·  ∞∩±· "√¡ñûÄ" ûñÆ■ ùª⌡≈¬Å Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ÿ±ô±ⁿ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ≈≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ æ≤ñÆ ±ô≤≤ó "Θ√¡ñûÄ"ì "∩√¡ñûÄ"ì "√¡ñû⌠" ≤√Ñ óñ ≤ÿ√Ü· ùª⌡≈¬Å ±⌐ô≈ó∙ á⌡Æ≈√ó ∞ñó. Ü
∩√ºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ·ì ûñÆºô¿Å ₧úΘÄ ù√⌐⌡≤ó≈ô ⌡ ùº⌡≤ó≈ô ÆÑ ∩√ºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ÿ°√· ⌐ó∙  ÆºÿÄ ûΓ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ù√⌐⌡≤ó≈ô ⌡ ùº⌡≤ó≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ ¡±ôöñ ±ÿ½≡ì Θôòì ε≥ ⌡ ... b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 	



    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥ áô≤⌡Æó∙ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿ√ôûó. ∞∩±ôÿÄ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥ áô≤⌡Æó∙ì ∞∩±· ù√ñÆºÿ· ΘΓô≡ óñ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄù√ñÆºÿ· ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ÿµ√√ñ ∞∩±· ΘΓô≡ óñ  Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ·ì ±⌡ÜûÄ ÿµ√√ñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ û»⌡ñ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θ°ñºÿÄ ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■±∞ô⌠≤±ô √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ∞∩±· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ   ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û⌡º√∩· Üô■áô∩ⁿ √ô ∞∩√ó snI æ≤ñÆ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó √ô φÑ√≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ ûñÆ■ ß±≡ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ûñφÑ√ó.     b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 


  
    
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ óÆ±≤· ùª⌡≈¬Å ñÆ ±Γ√⌠ ∞ñó. £≤ô≤£· ùª⌡≈¬Åì ûñ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ óÆ±≤·±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±₧ó⌡ó φñóó ÜºÿÜ⌡■ ∞∩±ôÿÄ √ô ßûôñÆÿÄ óñ óÆ±≤· ±Γ√⌠  ⌐ó∙ Æ≤Üô≥ á⌡Æ≈ó √ôΘÿÄ. Æ√⌠ óÆ±≤·≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ : T
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ûñÆ■ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ óÆ±≤· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pU ⌡ nwoD ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó √ô Æ⌐ôñ∙φñ ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ óÆ±≤· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ûÑ≤√ó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ≤⌡π Θ°ñºÿÄ ñÆ ±Γ√⌠ ∞ñó. 
  ∞∩±ôÿÄ ÆÑ ÆûÿóÆ
RΘ°ñºÿÄ  ∞∩±ôÿÄ ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ ñÆ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿó≈ó. 
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RΘ°ñºÿÄ  ∞∩±ôÿÄ ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ ñÆ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ æáñ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿó≈ó. 
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%Θ°ñºÿÄ  ∞∩±ôÿÄ ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ≈≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ ñÆ ûñ Æºô¿Åì ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ Æ⌡≡ æ≤°ô ≤±ô√¬Å ±ⁿó≈ó. óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ùª⌡≈¬Å≈ô ûñ Æºô¿Å ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿφ√ñó. ±Öε £≤ô≤£·  ∞∩±· "√¡ñûÄ" ûñÆ■ ùª⌡≈¬Å Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó ÿ±ô±ⁿ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ≈≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ æ≤ñÆ ±ô≤≤ó "Θ√½ñûÄ"ì "∩√¡ñûÄ"ì "√¡ñû⌠" ≤√Ñ óñ ≤ÿ√Ü· ùª⌡≈¬Å ±⌐ô≈ó∙ á⌡Æ≈√ó ∞ñó. Ü
∩√ºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ·ì ûñÆºô¿Å ₧úΘÄ ù√⌐⌡≤ó≈ô ⌡ ùº⌡≤ó≈ô ÆÑ ∩√ºÿÄ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ÿ°√· ⌐ó∙  ÆºÿÄ ûΓ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ù√⌐⌡≤ó≈ô ⌡ ùº⌡≤ó≈ô ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ ¡±ôöñ ±ÿ½≡ì Θôòì ε≥ ⌡ ... b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó.  



              
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Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ÿ⌡º» ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ±⌡ÜûÄ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ∞· ÜºÿÜ⌡ ∞∩±· √ô  ßûôñÿÄ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ì óñ óÆ±≤· Üôñ■ æσôÑ φñóó. ⌡ ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ æ⌠ ∞∩±· √ô ßûôñÿÄ ûô⌐ó û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ æ√ó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. 
 


           
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Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±· ∞· Æºôºⁿÿñ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤⌡Æπ  ùª⌡≈¬Å≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ûô ±ñÆÜΓ· û· Θ°ñºÿÄ √ô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ∞∩±· ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿÄ ûô Æ±∞ô⌠  ÆΘÑ⌡ó⌠ ⌐ñ⌡» ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ±≤»Ωⁿì óñ ≤αñ φñΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óºÿ√ôûⁿ û· ∞∩±ôÿÄ ⌡ √ô ßûôñÿ°ô û· æºô≤ÿñ√⌠ ⌡ ºñ√Σÿñ√⌠ ⌡Ü·  Æ±∞ô⌠ùú√ñ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ½Θ₧· ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ »ñÆ₧ⁿ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠  û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å √ô ½Θ₧·∞∩√ó ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó. ûñÆ■ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ñÆ≈≤±ô■ φÑ√≤·≈ô ⌡ Ωº±ÿ°ô■ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Åì û⌡º√∩· ±ô⌡¿Å √ô ∞∩√óbaT æ⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡ ºù¿Å ∞∩√ó 1F ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. ûô ∞∩√ó 1F+tlA ñÆ≈≤±ô√ⁿ Ωû∩ⁿ ñÆ    ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. b
ÆÑ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ 5Fì 6Fì 7F ⌡ 8F Ü°ÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ û· Ωº±ÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·  ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞≤√ó. è
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óñ ûôñ∙ ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ÿ⌡¡√₧ôÿⁿ ±ⁿæ√ó ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ ±ΓñΘⁿ ûñ≤ô±·  ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ≤ºá· ⌡ φÑÆñ¬Åφ⌡≤·Æ■ ÆÑ ñ⌡≤ó ÿ°√· æ⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ½Θ₧ôÿⁿ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ε₧α· ±ⁿ∞≤√ó ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ ßûôñÿÄ ±≤ÿáûÄ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ  ⌡Æªφô⌠ ûô⌐ó. óñ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ≤⌐ô≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó.∞· ₧ô⌡■ ⌐±ôñ∙ á»û· √ô ≤ô±· √ô ₧∞±ÿÄ  )∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ( ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ½Θ₧· ±ⁿûô⌐ó. óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ û⌡ó⌠ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ÆûÿóÆ ⌡ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ ≈ñ ±⌡ñó ±⌐á¼Å ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ . û· ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ÿ⌡Ü· ∞≤√ó Æ√⌠ ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ñΩ±°ô■ ½Θ₧·≈ô■ ≤ÿ√Ü· ùª⌡≈¬Å ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pugP ì ndgP ì pU ì nwoD ½Θ₧ôÿÄ ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆÑ ±ô⌡¿Å ≤√Ñ û°ñ∙ ÜºÿÄ.) ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ ù√∞ô≤°ô■ ûôε √ô ùô√√⌠ì ∞· óñ ≤⌡Æñ º±ÿÄ £ùÄ ±ÿ⌠ ΩñÆñ óÆñ≤ó ûñó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó.(   óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ Ωº±ÿÄ "±⌡ñó" û»⌡ñ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó baT √ô ±ô⌡¿Å  ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√óû· Ωº±ÿÄ ±⌡ñó  ±≤ÿΩ≡ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ ±⌡ñóì áô¼Å ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞≤√ó. ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ûô Ñó⌠ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ 2F+tlA √ô 2F  æóñ¿Å ±ÿ⌠ √ô ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ £ôùÄ ∞≤√ó. ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ÿñÜ±· √ô ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ ≤√Ñ  ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞≤√ó. φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ ⌡ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ √ô ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿó≈ó.   


 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±ÿ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. óñ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ì ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ±ÿ⌠ )óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡ó( ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√ó. ≈±£≤√⌠ óñ ≈ñ ½Θ₧·ì ñΩ≥ ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñó ∞· ≤±ô√≤φñ ñΩ≥ ±ÿ⌠ ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡π ±⌡Æñó ±ⁿûô⌐ó. û· ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ÿ⌡Ü· ∞≤√ó Æ√⌠ ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ñΩ±°ô■ ½Θ₧·≈ô ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó≈ô■ pugP ì ndgP ì pU ì nwoD ½Θ₧ôÿÄ ñÆ ±ñ⌡ñ ∞≤√ó. ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆÑ ±ô⌡¿Å ≤√Ñ û°ñ∙ ÜºÿÄ.) ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûñ⌡■ ù√∞ô≤°ô■ ûôε √ô ùô√√⌠ì ∞· óñ ≤⌡Æñ º±ÿÄ £ùÄ ±ÿ⌠ ΩñÆñ óÆñ≤ó ûñó∙ ⌡ ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó.(   óñ Æ√⌠ ₧ô∩ÿÄ Ωº±ÿÄ ½Θ₧· û»⌡ñ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó baT √ô ±ô⌡¿Å  ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√óû· Ωº±ÿÄ ½Θ₧·  ±≤ÿΩ≡ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ½Θ₧· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞≤√ó. óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌡Ü⌡ó φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ÿΓ∩√Ω· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó æ≤°ô ñÆ ûñÆ■ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ÿñÜ±·  √ô ±ÿ⌠ ÿΓ∩√Ω· Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ∞≤√ó. 
 


 
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ûñÆ■ ≤±ô√¬Å √∞Ä ½Θ₧· áô¼Å ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡π ½Θ₧ôÿÄ )û· ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ÿ⌡Ü· ⌐⌡ó( ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ æ⌠ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó.  £≤ô≤£· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙ á»ô ûô⌐óì ÆÑ »ñΘÄ º√ºÿ≥ Æßε≥ á»ô á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó . ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ û· ½Θ₧· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 



 
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ûñÆ■ ≤±ô√¬Å √∞Ä ±⌡ñó áô¼Å ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡π ±⌡Æñó )û· ñΩ≥ ±Ü±⌡π ÿ⌡Ü· ⌐⌡ó( ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ æ⌠ ñÆ ⌡Æñó ∞ñó.  £≤ô≤£· ⌐±ôñ∙ ⌡Æñó ⌐ó∙  á»ô ûô⌐óì ÆÑ »ñΘÄ º√ºÿ≥ Æßε≥ á»ô á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó . ûô ⌡Æñó ∞ñó⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄì ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ û· ½Θ₧· ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ±≤ÿΩ≡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 



 
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φÑ√≤·≈ô■ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ ⌡ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ≤±ô√¬Å ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ √ô ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿó≈ó.  óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· ±ÿ⌠ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ûô⌐ó ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ  ⌡ óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· ±ÿ⌠ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÿΘ½√∩ⁿ ûô⌐ó ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ φÑ√≤· ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ±ÿ⌠ ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ√ôûó.  



 
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ÿñÜ±· Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿ æ√ó. 


 
 
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ûô Æ≤ÿáôûÄ Æ√⌠ φÑ√≤· ÿΓ∩√Ω· Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ óñ ½Θ₧· ±≤ÿáûÄ û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿ æ√ó. £≤ô≤£· ½Θ₧· ÿΓ∩√Ω· ≤óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐ó ù√µô≥  óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ⌡Ü⌡ó ßε±ÿÄ * û°±ñÆ∙ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ ±ÿ⌠ ≤⌐ô≤ó≈≤ó∙ ⌡Ü⌡ó ÿΓ∩√Ω· ⌡ ⌐±ôñ∙ æ⌠  ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 



 
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±ñφÄ ßÖ±ô⌠ ⌡ ≈Ü⌡≥ ±ñó≥ ûñÆ■ û√ΓÿÄ ûô ß∩ⁿ πì Æßε≥ Æ½⌡≡ ß∩ⁿ π 

 
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Ü≤φÄ ≤°ñ⌡Æ⌠ì ⌐∞≡φ√ñ■ á⌡Æñ¢ ⌡ ûñá⌡ñó ₧¡ñÿÄ ûô á⌡Æñ¢ ][
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óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å φÑÆñ¬Å ÆûÿóÆöⁿ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ÆñÆö· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopicä ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· Æáÿ½ôñ Æ⌐ôñ∙Æ■ û· ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ±°±ÿñ√⌠ óε√≡ ±ô≤óφôñ■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·  ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ûô Æ⌐ôñ∙ û· ⌐û°· Æû⌠ á∩∞ô⌠ óñ ⌡Θ√ôÿÄ Æεß√ô⌠ óñ ±⌡ñó ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì óεö≡ Ω»Γ√ÿÄ Æ≤ÿºôûÄ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ûôÑφ⌡ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ûô ≤φô≈ⁿ û· ±Ωó±· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì σñ«Å Æ½∩ⁿ ±ó⌡⌠ ßô∩√±ΩóÆñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ûñ ±ⁿ⌐±ôñ√≥. 

 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· ∞ÿûÄ ó√φñ■ - ∞· ûΓó ⌡ Ωû≡ ÆÑ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· Ü±Σæ⌡ñ■ ºá≤ô⌠ ⌡ ₧∞≥ ⌡ ±⌡Æßα ±⌡∩ⁿ ±ⁿùñóÆáÿ·Æ≤ó - Æ⌐ôñ∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopic╥ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ûô Æ⌐ôñ∙ û· ±°≥ÿñ√⌠ ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿⁿ ∞· óñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ±⌡ñó û₧ÖÄ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ û· ÿ≤⌡π ⌡ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡≤ⁿ æ⌠ ùñóÆáÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopicç ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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ƒ

Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ⌡√ªφⁿ ±±ÿôÑ■ ÆºÿÄ φ°φô≈ⁿ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ó√φñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ÿ₧ÿÄÆ∩⌐Γôπ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ. óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ≤√≥ ≤φô≈ⁿ û· Æ√⌠ ⌡√ªφ√°ô á⌡Æ≈√≥ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicu ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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û₧ÖÄ ÆÑ ±óñ∞Ä ⌡ ±≤ûΣ ∞ε≥ ±Γ½⌡≥ì û₧Öⁿ ÆºÿÄ ±°≥ ⌡ ÿΓ√√⌠ ∞≤≤ó∙. óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· ±óÆñ∞Ä ⌡ ±½ôóñ■ ∞· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ûóÆ⌠ ±ºÿ≤ó ÆºÿÄì ùñóÆáÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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D

Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ±ÿ¡±⌠ Æ⌐ôñ∙ û· ±°≥ÿñ√⌠ ⌐ñ⌡ƒ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicc ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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C

Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óñ ûñóÆñ≤ó∙ Æ⌐ôñ∙ û· ±°≥ÿñ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicô ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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u

Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ≤φô≈ⁿ á⌡Æ≈ó óÆ⌐ÿÄ û· ⌐û°ôÿⁿ ∞· ⌐û°·∞≤≤óφô⌠ óñ ±⌡ñó Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ±»ñƒ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ ùôºí æ⌠ ⌐û°ôÿÄ ≤√Ñ á⌡Æ≈ó æ±ó. 

 
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THelpTopicu ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ÿ⌡½√Θôÿⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ óñ »⌡≡ Ωñ⌡⌠ì ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ûΓ±≡ æ⌡ñó∙Æ≤óì á⌡Æ≈√≥ ùñóÆáÿÄ. 

 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Æ⌐ôñ∙Æ■ û· ±°≥ÿñ√⌠ óºÿÄ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· óñ »⌡≡ Ωñ⌡⌠ ù√⌐√⌠ á⌡Æ≈√≥ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopic╖ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄÿñ√⌠ á»ûÄ ⌡ ñºôö≡ ±⌡∩ⁿ ∞· óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤ô≥ ûñó∙ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ û»⌡ñ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ ±ΓñΘⁿ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ û· ÆÜ±ô≡ ±ΓñΘⁿ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. 

 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· áô≤óÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ùñóÆáÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopici ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Æºôÿ√ó ⌡ ±⌐ô√í ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ⌐±ñó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ][
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óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å û· ±ñÿûÿÄ ΘΩ°ⁿ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ùñóÆáÿ· ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ æñÆò ΘΩ°ⁿ ⌡■ ûñ⌐±ñó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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ΩóñÿÄ ⌐ôßñ■ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ±±ÿôÑ Æ⌡ºÿÄ ∞· óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ æ⌠ ºá⌠  φΘÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopicf ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ⌐Γñ óñ ß½ñ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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ûó≤ûô≡ ûá¬Å ù√⌐√⌠ ⌡ óñ Ü°ÿÄ ±ΓñΘⁿ ⌡¡Γ√ÿÄ ⌐Γñ ⌡ ⌐ôßñ■ óñ ß½ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å æ⌡ñó∙ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicZ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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S

óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ≤√≥ ≤φô≈ⁿ û· ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ±ΓñΘⁿ ÆÜ±ô∩ⁿ æ⌠ ÿô∩√ΘÄ á⌡Æ≈√≥ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. 

 
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Y

óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±óñº· ßô∩ⁿ ó√≤ⁿ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ∞· û· ≤ô≥ "óÆñ Æ∩Γ∩≥" ≤ô±√ó∙ ±ⁿ⌐óì ±ΓñΘⁿ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 

 
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THelpTopicr ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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7

óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ ⌡ ñ⌡ÆÿÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ±ΓñΘⁿ ±ⁿφ⌡ó≤ó. 

 
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THelpTopicl ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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Q

óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ Æß≥ á½ôö¼Å ⌡ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ñ⌡₧ⁿ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ á⌡Æ≈√≥ ùñóÆáÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicô ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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u

óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ûô ÿ⌡Ü· û· Æ≈±√ÿÄ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ₧√ÖÄ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿì ≤√≥ ≤φô≈ⁿ û· ⌡¡Γ√ÿÄ ⌐√Γ· óñ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ á⌡Æ≈√≥ Æ≤óÆáÿÄ. ][
THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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1

óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û· ±≤ô½ûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ Æ⌐ôñ∙ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ][
THelpTopic┤ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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8

óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ⌡ΘôÿÄ ⌡ Æñÿ₧ô≡ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ûññºⁿ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. ][
THelpTopicl ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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J

óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å û· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ≤φô∙ Æ≤ó√⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ⌡ ßô∩±ô⌠ ó√φñ á⌡Æ≈√≥ ùñóÆáÿÄ. 

 
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THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Æ⌐Γôñ■ óñ ûôñ∙ ₧¡ñÿÄ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠)π( óñ ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ±⌡∩⌡ó√·ì σó√ñ√·ì ±ñÆÖⁿì ñûôß√ôÿÄ û· ûñ≤ô±· ù√⌡ºÿÄ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. Æ√⌠ Æ⌐Γôñ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ "√∞Ä Ω»ñ∙ ÆÑ óñ√ô"  Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  



 
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æ≤£· ÿ₧ÿÄ ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ÿ⌡¡√ƒ ≤ô⌐ñ óñ ÆûÿóÆ■ ∞ÿôûÄ æ±ó∙ ì óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ û·  ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ][
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±Ωó±· ±ÿñÜ≥ ±₧ÿñ≥ì Ü≤ôûÄ Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ û·  ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤√ó ±»ô∩Γ· ∞≤√ó.  



   
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ±Ωó±· º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ )ñ∙( û· ≤±ô√¬Å óñ ±ⁿæ√ó.  



 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ óñ ûôñ∙ óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ì ÿ⌡¡√₧ôÿⁿ ±ⁿæ√ó ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ ±ΓñΘⁿ   ⌡ ±»ô∩ûⁿ φÑÆñ¬Åφ⌡≤· ÆÑ Æ≈óÆΘÄ ⌡ ΘΓô∩√ÿ°ô■ æ⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 



  
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₧∞ô√ÿÄ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ⌐ΓñÆ óñ ±⌡¡⌡π "á⌡ΘÄ ⌡ ñÜô" û°±ñÆ∙ √∞Ä û√ÿÄ ⌐Γñ Ñ√ûô óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ æ⌡ñó∙ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  



 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ñÆ≈≤±ô√°ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ûñÆ■ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ±ÿ⌠ ≈ñ ±⌡ñó  û⌡º√∩· ∞∩√ó baT √ô ±ô⌡¿Å ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ±⌡ñó ≤αñ ñÆ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌡ ºù¿Å ∞∩√ó  retnE √ô ó∞±· ±ô⌡¿Å ñÆ ûÑ≤√ó. 



 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞∩√ó≈ô■ ΘΓô≡ ±⌡Ü⌡ó óñ ûñ≤ô±· ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 



 
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óñ Æ√⌠ Ωº±ÿÄ ù√µô≥≈ô√ⁿ ∞· óñ ≈≤φô≥ ∞ôñ∞ñó⌠ ûô ûñ≤ô±· ±±∞⌠ ÆºÿÄ óñÆÖñ ûñ⌡Ñ á»ô ≤±ô√¬Å óÆó∙ ⌐⌡ó ìæ⌡ñó∙ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ ûñÆ■ ñΘΣ æ≤°ô ≤√Ñ óºÿ⌡ñÆÿⁿ æ±ó∙  ÆºÿÄ. 



 
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Æ±√ñ±÷±≤ô⌠ ÆÑ ½∩ûÄ ùóñ■ £⌡⌠ Æû⌡»ô∩ûÄ ó√ó∙ û· Ü°ô⌠ φ⌐⌡ó. Æû⌡»ô∩ûÄ ûÑñφÄ û»₧ôò ⌡ ñö√¿Å û≤ⁿ ≈ô⌐≥ û⌡ó. ºñÆºñ ⌡Ü⌡ó Æ⌡ì ∞ô≤⌡≤ⁿ ÆÑ º±ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûá⌐¬Åì ß»⌡ΘÿÄ ⌡ ±°ñì Üô≤ûôÑ■ ⌡ ΘóÆ∞ôñ■ óñ ñÆ∙ æö√⌠ ÿ⌡₧√ó û⌡ó. ±ôóñ ⌡■ Θô»±·ì óáÿñ Æºó ΘñÑ≤ó ≈ô⌐≥ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡■ ÆÑ ≤áºÿ√⌠ Ñ≤ô≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û· ù√ô±ûñ Æ√±ô⌠ æ⌡ñó ⌡ ù√¬Å ÆÑ ûΓÖÿÄ ÆÑ æ√√⌠ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ ù√ñ⌡■ ±ⁿ∞ñó. Æ⌡ û· ≈≤φô≥ ⌐óÿÄ √ôΘÿ⌠ óñó ÑÆ√±ô⌠ ñÆ∙ ±ºÜó Æ∩₧ñÆ≥ ñÆ ù√¬Å φñΘÿÄ ⌡ á⌡ó ñÆ û· ó√⌡Æñ ∞Γû· ≤Ñó√∞Ä ºôáÿÄ ⌡ £≤√⌠ φΘÿÄ: "áóÆ⌡≤óÆì û· ÿ⌡ ⌡ ù√ô±ûñÆ⌠ ⌡ ∞ÿôû°ôöⁿ ∞· ÆÑ »ñΘÄ ÿ⌡ ≤ôÑ≡ ⌐ó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ ≤√Ñ û· ºá⌠ Üó≥ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ ºôÑ≤ó∙ Æ√⌠ áô≤· Æ√±ô⌠ ñÆºí óÆñ≥. ùñ⌡ñóφôñÆì û· ùô¿Å Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ ∞ºⁿ ∞· Æ√⌠ áô≤· ñÆ ºôáÿÄ ⌡ û· ₧δ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ∞· óñ ñ₧≥ ±⌠ ÆºÿÄì ÿ⌡∩ó Æ√⌠ ∞⌡ó∞Ä ñÆ ûñ ±⌠ æºô⌠ Θñ±ô" ∩₧α·Æ■ ≤φú⌐ÿÄ ∞· Θô»±· û· ½⌡ñÿÄ ÆßÜôÑæ±√Ñ■ ⌡Æñó áô≤· áóÆ ⌐ó ⌡ óñ æ≤Üô ß∩ⁿ)π( û·ó≤√ô æ±ó.  $


  
                             
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δ


≤áºÿ√⌠ ÆΘÿáôñ ß∩ⁿ)π( ù√⌐φô≥ û⌡ó⌠ ⌡■ óñ ùú√ñΘÿ⌠ Æºε≥ ⌡ û· ßûôñÿÄ ½₧√₧ÿñ ÆûñÆÑ ⌡ Æα°ôñ Æºε≥ ó√ñ√≤· á⌡√¬Å û⌡ó.  ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ±₧óÖô⌠ ⌡ ÿôñ√í ≤⌡√ºô⌠ ≤Ω≡ ±ⁿ∞≤≤ó ∞· ù√ô±ûñ Æ∞ñ≥ ñ⌡Ñ ó⌡⌐≤û· û· ñºô∩ÿÄ ±ûΓ⌡ÖÄ ⌐ó ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ΘñóÆ■ æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñ Æ√±ô⌠ æ⌡ñó. E
ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å( ±óÿÄ º· ºô≡ ÆÑ óß⌡ÿÄ ß±⌡±ⁿ á⌡óóÆñ■ ∞ñó ⌡ ÿ≤°ô ÆÑ ñ≈φúñ ±εΩôÿ°ô■ á½⌡½ⁿ ûô ÆΘñÆó Ωôû≡ ⌡ ⌐ô√ºÿ· ÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ φñ⌡∙ ±Γó⌡ó■ ñÆ û· æ√√⌠ Üó√ó Æ∩°ⁿ ≈óÆ√ÿÄ ∞≤ó. ÿô Æ√≤∞· ºñÆ≤Üô≥ ù√∞Ä ⌡₧ⁿ ΘñÆ ñº√ó ⌡ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ áóÆ Θñ±ô⌠ óÆó ∞· ù√ô±ûñ óß⌡ÿÄ ≈±φô≤ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ »ñ√δ óß⌡ÿÄ á⌡√⌐ô⌡≤óÆ⌠ ⌡ ûºÿφô⌠ æσôÑ ∞≤óì ù√ô±ûñ Æ∞ñ≥ óß⌡ÿÄ ß∩≤ⁿ ñÆ ûô óß⌡ÿÄ á⌡√⌐ô⌡≤óÆ⌠ á⌡ó ⌐ñ⌡π ∞ñó ⌡ óñ Ü∩ºôÿÄ ¡√ôΘÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( ÿ≤°ô ∞ºⁿ û⌡ó ∞· ù⌐ÿ√ûô≤ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ ≈óΘÄ ±Ωó¿Å ù√ô±ûñ Æßε≥ ∞ñó. óñ Æ√⌠ ±⌡ΩΣì ù√ô±ûñ óºÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ ûñ óºÿÄ ß∩ⁿ Ñó ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó: "≈ô⌠ Æ■ á⌡√⌐ô⌡≤óÆ⌠ ⌡ ûºÿφô⌠ ±⌠ ûóÆ≤√ó ∞· ß∩ⁿ ûñÆóñ ⌡ ⌡½ⁿ ⌡ á∩√Θ· ±⌠ óñ ±√ô⌠ ⌐±ôºÿÄ". ç
ó√φñ ÆÑ ÆΘÿáôñÆÿÄ ₧¡ñÿÄ Æ±√ñ)π( ±ôÜñÆ■ ∩√∩╡ Æ∩±û√ÿÄ ÆºÿÄ. ∩√∩╡ Æ∩±û√ÿÄ φñ£· ⌐ûÄ û⌡ó ⌡ ÿôñ√∞Ä Æ±ô óñ ÿôñ√í ùñ ÆΘÿáôñ Ñ≤óφⁿ ß∩ⁿ)π( ÆÑ ñ⌡⌐≤ÿñ√⌠ ⌡ óñá⌐ô≤ÿñ√⌠ ∩₧αôÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ φñÆ≤Ωóñ ß±ñ Æ⌡ ±ºÿ≤óÿñ√⌠ Θ½∩ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ₧ô∞ⁿ ÆÑ ß⌐δ ûⁿ ⌐ôöû· ⌡■ û· ±₧±ó )¼Å( ±ⁿûô⌐ó ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤Üôöⁿ æσôÑ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ∞· ûó≤ûô≡ ñ₧∩ÿÄ ûÑñφÿñ√⌠ ù⌐ÿ√ûô⌠ ù√ô±ûñì Æû⌡»ô∩ûÄì ⌡ ±°ñûô≤ÿñ√⌠ Æ≤√¿Å Æ⌡ áó√Ü· óñ ºô≡ ó≈≥ ûΓÖÿÄì ±⌐ñ∞√⌠ Θ⌐ôñ ⌡ ⌐∞≤Ü· ñÆ ûñ ù√ô±ûñ ⌡ √ôñÆ≤¬Å ÆΘÑ⌡≤ÿñ ±ⁿ∞≤≤ó ÿô Üôöⁿ ∞· óñ ºô≡ º√Ñó≈≥ ûΓÖÿÄ ºñÆ⌠ Ωñ√¬Å óñ √∞Ä ⌐⌡ñÆ■ ß±⌡±ⁿ ⌡ ºñ■ ßÑ≥ á⌡ó ñÆ ûñ Ωÿ≡ ù√ô±ûñ ÜÑ≥ ±ⁿ≤±ô√≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ ≈ñ Ωû√∩· √∞Ä ≤Θñ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ÿô ≈±φⁿ óñ ⌐ûⁿ ±Ωññ û· áô≤· Æ⌡ ≈Ü⌡≥ ûñó∙ ⌡ ⌡■ ñÆ óñ ûºÿñ á⌡ÆûÄ Ω»Γ· Ω»Γ· ≤±ô√≤ó ÿô ≈≥ á√ô∩⌐ô⌠ ÆÑ ûôûÿÄ Æ⌡ ñÆ₧ÿÄ ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ≈≥ á⌡⌠ ⌡■ óñ û√⌠ Ωûôö≡ ùá¬Å φñóó ⌡ û≤ⁿ≈ô⌐≥ Ωôóñ û· á⌡≤á⌡Æ≈ⁿ Æ⌡ ≤ûô⌐≤ó. Θñ⌐ÿ· ⌡₧ⁿ ù√ô±ûñ ñÆ ÆÑ ÿ⌡»ö· ûô áûñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ Æ⌡ ÿ½±√≥ û· ≈ÜñÿÄ ÆÑ ±ñ∞Ñ ÿ⌡»ö· ±ⁿφ√ñó Æ±ô εÑ≥ û⌡ó ∞ºⁿ óñ æ⌠ ⌐ûÄ óñ ûºÿñ ù√ô±ûñ ûÜô■ Æ⌡ ûá⌡Æûó ÿô ±⌐ñ∞√⌠ ºñφñ≥ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ ÆÑ Θñ½ÿÄ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ ≈ñ £· û√⌐ÿñ á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ ±∞· ó⌡ñ ∞≤ó. ÿ≤°ô ∞ºⁿ ∞· Æ√⌠ ÆΘÿáôñ ûÑñφÄ ≤½√û¬Å ⌐ó ⌡ ûⁿ ≈√¥ ÿΓ∩≡ ûôñ º≤φ√⌠ Æ√⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ºÿñφÄ ñÆ ûñ ó⌡¬Å á⌡ó ∞⌐√ó ß∩ⁿ)π( û⌡ó ⌡ Æ√⌠ ΘóÆ∞ôñ■ ûⁿ≤α√ñ £≤ô⌠ ±Ωû⌡≡ æΘñ√óφôñ Ü°ô⌠ ⌡ÆΩΣ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ∞· ûô Ñ√ûôÿñ√⌠ ⌡ ñºôÿñ√⌠ ßûôñÿÄ æ≤ñÆ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ Üô⌡óÆ≤¬Å ÖûÿÄ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ó ∞· ÿô Ü°ô⌠ ûôΩⁿ ÆºÿÄ Ü°ô≤√ô⌠ ûá⌡Æ≤≤ó ⌡ óñ û√ôûô⌠ ¡ε∩ÿÄ ₧√ñÆ⌠ ≤±ô≤≤ó "óñ ±√ô⌠ ±ñó≥ ∞ºô≤ⁿ ≈ºÿ≤ó ∞· ±ÿôπ Üô⌠ ñÆ û· ≤Ωó á⌐≤⌡ó■ Üô≤ô⌠ ±ⁿΘñ⌡⌐≤ó ⌡ Üô⌠ æΘñ√⌠ ñÆ ûñ û≤óφô⌠ ûºⁿ ±°ñûô≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ". é
óñÿ±ô≥ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ₧√ôÿÄ ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å( ∞ÿôûÿÄ ⌡₧ⁿ ⌡ ÿ≤α√≥ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ Æº≤ôó ÿôñ√áⁿ ⌡ º√ôºⁿ ⌡ ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ≤ô±·≈ô■ ÿû∩√µⁿ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ∞ôñ≈ô■ ₧ºô¿Å ß∩ⁿ)π( û⌡ó ⌡ Æºôºô æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ≤áºÿ√⌠ óû√ñ Æºε≥ û· ⌐±ôñ ±ⁿñ⌡óì Æ√⌐ô⌠ ≈±£≤√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ )¼Å( ñÆ óñûôñ∙ Æ₧∞ô≥ ⌡ ΘñÆö«Å ⌡ æóÆûÄ ⌡ º≤⌠ ⌡ Æáûôñ σ√ûⁿ ≈±φⁿ ¡û» ∞ñó∙ ⌡ û· ½⌡ñÿÄ ⌐¬Å ∞ÿôûÄ ÆÑ á⌡ó û· √ôóφôñ φúÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌐°ôóÿÄ Æ⌡ óñ ≤Ñó ΘñÑ≤óÆ⌠ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ≤φ°óÆñ■ ±ⁿ⌐ó. L
ùñ⌐⌡ñÿñ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ Ñ≤óφⁿ ß∩ⁿ)π( Ü≤φ°ô■ Ω°ñ±ô≤ô≤· Æ⌡ºÿÄì ≈√¥ Æ≤ºô⌠ ûô Æ≤½ôΘⁿ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó ÿôÖ√ñ ⌐φñΘÄ ûôÑ⌡■ ÿ⌡Æ≤ô■ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ óñ ûñ£√ó∙ ⌐ó⌠ ûºô» ⌐ñ∞Ä ÆÑ ÜÑ√ñ┤Æ∩ΓñûÄ Æ≤∞ôñ ≤±ô√ó. ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å( óñ »ⁿ Ñ≤óφⁿ á⌡√¬Å 72 σÑ⌡∙ óÆ⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó ∞· ß∩ⁿ óñ ≈±· æ≤°ô ⌐ñ∞ÿⁿ £⌐±φ√ñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ÿ≤°ô óñ σÑ⌡∙ ÿû⌡∞Ä û· óºÿ⌡ñ ù√ô±ûñ ⌡ ûñÆ■ Ü∩⌡φ√ñ■ ÆÑ ⌐⌡ñ¬Å Æ₧ÿ±ô∩ⁿ ±≤ôΘΩô⌠ óñ ±ñ∞Ñ Æºε≥ì óñ ±ó√≤· ÆΩô±ÿÄ φÑ√ó ⌡ óñ ≈±√⌠ ±ôÜñÆºÿÄ ∞· ₧±∩· ÿôñ√áⁿ ù√ô±ûñ óñ ±⌡ñó Æ⌡ ½ôóñ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó "≤ºûÿÄ ÿ⌡ ûô ±⌠ ≈±£⌡⌠ ≤ºûÿÄ ≈ôñ⌡⌠ ûô ±⌡ºⁿ ÆºÿÄ ÜÑ Æ√≤∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ ±⌠ ù√ô±ûñ■ ≤±ⁿûô⌐ó" óñ û√⌐ÿñ ºñ√·≈ô ≤√Ñ ₧¡⌡ñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ₧ÿⁿ óñ ûñáⁿ ÆÑ æ≤°ô ñ≈ûñ■ Ü≤φÄ ûñß°ó∙ Æ⌡ û⌡ó. Z
⌡ Æ√≤∞Ä ûñáⁿ ÆÑ óε⌡ñ■≈ô■ Æ⌡: óñ σÑ⌡∙ ûóñ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ûô ⌡Ü⌡ó º⌠ ∞≥ óñ ±√ô⌠ ºô√ñ Ω°ñ±ô≤ô⌠ ≈±£⌡⌠ ûóñ û⌡ó óñ ±√ô⌠ ºÿôñφô⌠ì Æφñ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≈ⁿ óε⌡ñ■ Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ ûóñ ûóÆ≤ⁿ ≤φô∙ ∞⌠ û· ºá⌠ Æ⌡ óñ ≤ô±·Æ■ ∞· óñ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ₧∞⌡±ÿ¬Å û· ±Γô⌡√· ß∩√· Æ∩°ô⌡√· ≤⌡⌐ÿ· "Æ■ ±Γô⌡√· ⌐±⌐√ñ■ ∞· ûô æ⌠ Üó ⌡ óÆöⁿ ⌡ ûñÆóñ ÿ⌡ ñÆ û· áô∞Ä ⌡ á⌡⌠⌡ á⌡⌠ ∞⌐√ó≥ ≈≤⌡Ñ ûô ±⌠ ÆºÿÄ" Æ∩ΓôΩ≡ √∞Θ√· Æε⌐ôñ∙. ⌠
óñ Æ₧ó Æ₧ó■ ≈±£⌡⌠ Æ⌡ ±Ωô⌡±ÿÄ ≤∞ñó óñ ÆûÿóÆ■ ≤ûñó ≤· ÿ⌠ ÆÑ óε⌡ñ ±ñóÆ⌠ Ωñ√¬Å ∞· √∞ⁿ ù¿Å ÆÑ ó√φñ■ ûñáôºÿ≤ó ⌡ ß∩≥ ñÆ ûñÆΘñÆ⌐ÿ≤ó û· óºÿÄ ÿ⌡Æ≤ô■ ß∩ⁿ)π( ûñ áô∞Ä ≤⌐ºÿ≤ó ⌡ ùñ£≥ ñÆ ÆÑ óºÿÄ ûφúÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡ ≈±√⌠ ±⌡ÜûÄ Æ≤°ÑÆ≥ ∩⌐∞ñ Ωñ√¬Å óñ æσôÑ Ü≤φÄ ⌐ó ⌡ óñ ùô√ô⌠ σ≥ Æ≤φ√Ñ ≤ûñó ∞· ±º∩±√⌠ ⌐∞ºÿÄ á⌡ñó≤ó ⌡ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ⌐Üôßô≤· ΘñÆñ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ ûⁿÆßÿ≤ôò û· ≤óÆ■ ù√ô±ûñ ÆÑ ∞⌡∙ Æ₧ó ûôε ±ⁿñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ óºÿ·Æ■ ⌐ñÆΘÿ±≤óÆ≤· óñ Æ√⌠ Æ≤ó√⌐· û⌡ó≤ó ∞· ÆÑ ßûóÆ∩∩· û⌠ Æûⁿ ºñ∞ñó∙ ±≤ôΘΩô⌠ ûá⌡Æ≈≤ó ∞· ûñ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ÆÑ Æû⌡ºΘ√ô⌠ Æ±ô⌠ ûφ√ñó ⌡ ≈±φⁿ ù√ô±ûñ ñÆ ±Üñ⌡ƒ ⌡ ÿ≤°ô óñ ±√ô⌠ φñφô⌠ óñ≤ó∙ Ωñ√¬Å ⌡ ⌐±⌐√ñ≈ô■ ûñ≈≤· æ≤ô⌠ ñ≈ô ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó≤ó óñ æ⌠ ≈≤φô±· ≤√Ñ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≈±£⌡⌠ ⌐√ñ■ á⌐±φ√⌠ φñóÆφñó ù√ô±ûñ ±ⁿ£ñá√ó ⌡ á√≡ ñ⌡û°ô⌠ ñÆ ∞· »±Σ óñ Ωÿ≡ Æ⌡ ûºÿ· û⌡ó≤ó ÆÑ ⌡■ ó⌡ñ ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌐±⌐√ñ Æ⌡ ∞· ½ûñ¬Å ÆÑ æ⌠ ≈±· ½û⌡ñ■ ⌡ ±Ωô⌡±ÿÄ ºñ æ±óì ⌐∞ºÿÄ ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ ú⌡Æ∩ΘΩôñ ñÆ û· Æ⌡ óÆó≤ó ΘóÆ∞ôñ■ ₧¡ñÿÄ Æ±√ñ óñ Æ₧ó £≤ô⌠ ⌐⌡ñÆ≤φ√Ñ û⌡ó ∞· Üûñö√≡ ñÆ û· ⌡Üó æ⌡ñó ⌡ Æ⌡ óñ ±√ô⌠ Ñ±√⌠ ⌡ æº±ô⌠ Θñ√ôó ∞ñó ∞· "⌐±⌐√ñ■ ÜÑ ú⌡Æ∩ΘΩôñ ⌡ Ü⌡Æ≤±ñó■ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ" óñ Æ√⌠ ≤ûñó ≈Θÿôó Ñá≥ ûñ ù√∞ñ ±⌡∩ⁿ ≤⌐ºÿÄ ⌡∩ⁿ Æ⌡ ÆÑ ùô■ ≤≤⌐ºÿÄ. ô
óñ á√ûñ √óÆ∩∩· ÆÑ æºÿ√⌠ ÆºóÆ∩∩· ûñ⌡⌠ æ±ó ⌡ óª ÿºá√ñ≤ôùú√ñ Ω±⌡¼Å ñÆ óñ≈≥ ⌐∞ºÿÄ ⌡ ±⌡ÜûÄ ù°∩⌡Æ⌠ ùñÿ⌡Æ⌠ √°⌡ó óñ Ñ√ñ ¡ñûôÿÄ ⌐±⌐√ñ ⌐°ôûÄ φ⌡≤· Æ⌡ û· áô∞Ä ⌡ á⌡⌠ ≤⌐ºÿÄ ⌡ ûñÆ■ ≈±√⌐· ß∩ⁿ)π( Θôÿƒ á√ûñ ≤ô±√ó∙ ⌐ó. óñ ⌐ûⁿ ∞· ΘñóÆ√¬Å æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ á√ûñ ñÆ Θÿƒ ≤±⌡ó ù√ô±ûñ Θñ±⌡ó: ΘñóÆ ùñ£≥ ñÆ û· óºÿÄ ∞ºⁿ ±ⁿó≈≥ ∞· ≈ñφÑ ù⌐ÿÄ û· ó⌐±⌠ ≤±ⁿ∞≤ó Æ⌡ ∞ºⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· áóÆ ⌡ ñº⌡≡ Æ⌡ ñÆ ó⌡ºÿÄ ±ⁿóÆñ≤ó ⌡ áóÆ⌡≤ó Æ√⌠ óª ñÆ û· óºÿÄ Æ⌡ ±ⁿφ⌐ô√ó. 0
óñ á≤óδ ß∩ⁿ)π( û· ±½ôΘÄ Ω°ñ±ô⌠ ûⁿûó√≡ ßñûÄì ß±ñ⌡ û⌠ ßûó⌡ó ∞· ûô ≤Γñ∙≈ô■ ≈≡ ±⌠ ±ûôñÑ¬Å ñß⌐· ûñ Æ≤óÆ≥ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ÆΘ∞≤ó∙ û⌡óì ñΘÿÄ ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ Θñ±⌡ó: Æ±ñ⌡Ñ ÿ±ô≥ Æ√±ô⌠ óñ ±Ωôû≡ ÿ±ô≥ ⌐ñ∞Ä ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ⌡ óñ ₧δ ß∩ⁿ £≤√⌠ óßô Θñ±⌡ó: áóÆ⌡≤óÆ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ÆÑ ûó■ ₧Θα Θñ±ô áóÆ√ô óñ ûóñ ßû√ó∙ ⌡ óñ Æ₧ó ⌐√ñ áóÆ ₧±Ñ∙ ñÆ ÆÑ ±⌠ φñΘÿⁿ áóÆ⌡≤óÆ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ÆÑ æº√ûÄ ₧Θα Θñ±ô ⌡ æ≤φô∙ Æ√⌠ æ√· ñÆ ÿε⌡ÿÄ ∞ñó "ñûÄ εÿúñ≤ⁿ ΘñóÆ ⌡ Æ≤ÿÄ á√ñ Æ∩⌡ÆñÖ√⌠ ⌡ ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· Ω°ñ±ô⌠ ßñûÄ óñ Ñ√ñ ⌐±⌐√ñ Ω°ôñ ß∩ⁿ û· áô∞Ä ÆΘÿôó ù√ô±ûñ ß±≡ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ñÆ £≤√⌠ ÆñÑ√ôûⁿ ∞ñó "¡ñû·Æ■ ∞· ß∩ⁿ)π( óñ á≤óδ ûñ ó⌐±⌠ Θñ⌡ó æ⌡ñó ÆÑ ßûôóÿÄ Ü°ô≤√ô⌠ ûñÿñ ÆºÿÄ" . ó√φñ ÆÑ ÆΘÿáôñÆÿÄ Æ±√ñ±÷±≤ô⌠ ±ô±⌡ñ√ÿÄ ⌡ ≤±ô√≤óφⁿ ⌡■ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å(ì ûñÆ■ Æûετ æ√ôÿÄ æσôÑ√⌠ º⌡ñ∙ ûñÆöÿÄ û· ±⌐ñ∞√⌠ ßñûÄ óñ ±∞· û⌡óì ñº⌡≡ áóÆ )¼Å( ÆûÿóÆ Æû⌡û∞ñ ñÆ ûñφÑ√ó ⌡ ⌡■ ñÆ ûô £°≡ ÿ⌠ ñ⌡Æ≤· ±∞· ≤±⌡ó ÿô óñ ñ⌡Ñ ß√ó Ωñûô⌠ ù√ô≥ Æ∩°ⁿ ñÆ ΩñÆöÿÄ ≤±ô√ó Æû⌡û∞ñ ñÆ∙ ±∞· ñÆ óñ ù√¬Å φñΘÿÄ ∞· ≤ôφ°ô⌠ æ≈≤φÄ ⌡₧ⁿ ùñó∙ φ⌡¬Å ±₧±ó)¼Å( ñÆ ∩ñÑÆ≤ó ∞· Æ√⌠ ù√ô≥ ñÆ √ô ûô√ó á⌡ó ⌐±ô ⌡ √ô ∞ºⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ⌐±ôºÿÄ Æûετ ≤±ô√ó ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ ûó≤ûô≡ Æ√⌠ Θñ±ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ )π( ñÆ ΘñÆ á⌡Æ≤ó ⌡ ±ô±⌡ñ√ÿÄ æº±ô≤ⁿ ñÆ û· Æ⌡ ±₧⌡≡ ∞ñó φ⌡öⁿ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ ûô Æ√⌠ ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ±ⁿá⌡Æºÿ≤ó ÿ∞ô≤ⁿ ⌐ó√ó û· ⌡ÜóÆ≤°ô■ áΘÿ· ûó≈≤ó ⌡ £⌐±ô⌠ ∞≥ º⌡ ⌡ ≤Ñó√∞Ä û√⌠ ∞Ö√ñ■ ÆÑ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ñÆ û· ±Ωô≥ ûñÜºÿ· ±⌡∩ⁿ û√≤ô ≤±ô√≤ó ⌡ φñ≤· Æ⌡ ≈ñφÑ ÆÑ ù√¬Å á⌡ó ∞ôñ■ ≤±ⁿ∞ñó ÿô áóÆ⌡≤ó ûá⌡Æ≈ó ∞ôñ ⌡■ ñÆ Æ½εƒ ≤±ô√ó £⌡⌠ ⌡ ±ô √≤»δ ß⌠ Æ∩°⌡■ Æ⌠ ≈⌡ Æε ⌡₧ⁿ √⌡₧ⁿ. α
ÆΘÿáôñ ó√φñ ±⌡∩ⁿ ûñφÑ√ó∙ ⌐ó⌠ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å( ⌡ û· Θñ±ô⌠ áóÆ⌡≤ó ûñÆ■ ±ûô≈∩· ûô ±º√₧√ô⌠ ≤ÜñÆ⌠ û⌡ó. "æ≤£· ÿô∞≤⌡⌠ ÆÑ Θ¡ôö≡ ±⌡∩ⁿ φΘÿ· æ±ó ß⌐ñ■ ÆÑ Æß⌐ôñ ⌡ Æ≤ó∞ⁿ ÆÑ ûº√ôñ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ û≤ô■ ±ô ≤√Ñ ûñ Æáÿ½ôñ ⌡ φñ≤· û· Ω⌡≡ ⌐ôßñ: E
  ∞ÿôûÄΘ¡≡ ÿ⌡ ñÆ æûÄû₧ñ ∞ôΘⁿ≤√ºÿÄ   ∞· ÿñ ∞≤≥ ºñÆ≤φ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ½Θ₧·û⌐±ôñ≥
	


  
  
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THelpTopicQ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ù√⌡≤ó ó⌡ φ⌡≈ñ    █╨
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z£≤ó ºô≡ ÆÑ ≈ÜñÿÄ ù√µ±ûñ ±ⁿφú⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ ≈≤⌡Ñ ∞⌐ÿⁿ Ñ≤óφⁿ ñÆ á⌡ó û· ÿ≤°ôöⁿ óñ óñ√ô■ ₧⌡ÆóÖÄ ≤ôáóÆöⁿ ±ⁿ∞ñó Æ±ô ó√φñ ⌡ΩÿÄ æ⌠ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ∞· Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ƒ »⌡Θô≤ⁿ ⌡ ≤ô æñÆ≥ óñ ∞≤ôñ Æ≤√ºⁿ ±°ñûô⌠ ∩₧αôÿⁿ ñÆ û√ôºô√ó ∩∞⌠ ∞óÆ±√⌠ ñ⌡ƒ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ ûô ⌡■ ≈±φô≥ ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ∞óÆ±√⌠ ó≡ ÿ⌡Æ⌠ æ≤ñÆ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· Æ√⌠ ⌐√ñ á⌐±φ√⌠ ⌡ σñÆ⌠ ñ⌡Ñ≈ô■ ≤ûñó ûô ∞Θôñ ⌡ ÑÆ≈ó σ±φ√⌠ ⌡ φñ√ô⌠ ⌐û°ô■ ÿôñ ñÆ óñ á⌡ó ûφ≤Üô≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ ≈≥ ≤φº∩ó Üô⌠ ⌡ ó∩ⁿ ß∩ⁿ φ⌡≤· ±ⁿûô√ºÿÄ ∞· ≈±£⌡⌠ Æ⌡ ÆÑ ºñ£⌐±· Ñε≡ ⌡₧ⁿ º√ñÆûÄ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ û· á⌡ó ûô∩√ó∙ ûô⌐ó ⌡ Æ⌡ ∞ºⁿ ÜÑ Θô»±· óáÿÄ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ)¼Å( ≤û⌡ó Θô»±·)π( á⌡ÆºÿφôñÆ⌠ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ Æ⌐ñÆΘÄ ⌡ σ√ñ Æ⌐ñÆΘÄ ≤α√ñ Æû⌡ û∞ñ ⌡ ß±ñ ⌡ ßûóÆ∩ñ₧±⌠ û⌠ ß⌡ΘÄ óÆ⌐ÿÄ Æ±ô ù√ô±ûñ óñ Ü⌡ÆûÄ ≈±· æ≤ô⌠ φΘÿ· û⌡ó ,
"óñ Æ±ñ ÆÑó⌡Æ¢ Θô»±· ±≤ÿαñ ⌡₧ⁿ Æ∩°ⁿ ≈ºÿ≥"  ║
ÿô Æ√≤∞·ºñÆ≤Üô≥ ß∩ⁿ)π( óñûÄ áô≤· ±₧±ó ñÆ ∞⌡û√ó ù√ô±ûñ û· Æ≥ º∩±· Θñ±⌡ó "ûñ á√Ñ ⌡ óñ ñÆ ûφ⌐ô ∞· ±₧û⌡ûÄ áóÆ ⌡ ñº⌡≡ ù⌐ÿÄ óñ ÆºÿÄ" Æ≥ º∩±· óñ ñÆ φ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ⌡Æñó ⌐ó ⌡ óñ ₧¡⌡ñ ù√ô±ûñ ≤⌐ºÿÄ ⌡ ºô∞ÿÄ ⌡ æñÆ≥ ºñ û· Ñ√ñ ÆΘ∞≤ó ù√ô±ûñ ÆÑ º∞⌡ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ ≈±· £√Ñ ñÆ Θ°±√ó ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó φ⌡√ô ₧ôÜÿⁿ óÆñ■ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ₧ôÜÿ¬Å ñÆ φΘÿÄ. ù√ô±ûñ ûñáôºÿÄ ⌡ û· ≤Ñó Ñ≈ñÆ ñΘÿÄ ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó óáÿñ≥ ±⌠ ≈±⌡Æñ∙ ÆÑ áóÆ ±ⁿá⌡Æºÿ≥ ∞· ÿ⌡ ñÆ û· ßΩó û°ÿñ√⌠ ±á∩⌡δ á⌡ó óñ æ⌡ñó ⌡ Æ∞≤⌡⌠ Æ⌡ û· á⌡Æºÿφôñ■ ÿ⌡ æ±ó∙ £· ùôºí ±ⁿó≈ⁿ. Θô»±· º∞⌡ÿÄ ∞ñó Æ±ô º∞⌡ÿ¬Å £≤ô⌠ ùñ±Γ≤ô ⌡ φ⌡√ô û⌡ó ∞· ù√ô±ûñ ∩ûÄ û· ÿ∞û√ñ φ⌐⌡ó ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó º∞⌡ÿÄ óáÿñ≥ ≤⌐ô≤· ñ¡ô■ Æ⌡ºÿÄ ⌡ £φ⌡≤· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ ñÆ¡ⁿ ≤ûô⌐ó ∞· áóÆ á⌡ó û· ±₧±ó)¼Å( Θñ±⌡ó∙ Æφñ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ≤±ⁿæΘñ√ó≥ óñ ñ⌡■ Ñ±√⌠ ≈±⌐ô≤ⁿ ûñÆ■ Θô»±· ≤û⌡ó.  u
ù¿Å ÆÑ ±ñÆº≥ á⌡Æºÿφôñ■ ⌡ ßΩóì ß∩ⁿ)π( Ññ∙ á⌡ó ñÆ Θñ⌡áÿÄ ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ ù⌡≡ æ≤ñÆ û· ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ Æ½₧ôûÄ óÆó ÿô ûñÆ■ Ñ≤óφⁿ Θô»±· ⌡ ß∩ⁿ ÆÖôÖ√· ÿ°√· ≤±ô√≤ó ⌡ £⌡⌠ ÆÖôÖ√· ±≤Ñ≡ Θô»±· ñÆ û· ₧¡⌡ñ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ æ⌡ñó≤ó Θñ±⌡ó áóÆ⌡≤óÆ Ñ≤óφⁿ ñÆ ûñ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ∞· û√⌐ÿñ αñ⌡ΘÄ æ≤ô⌠ ºΘô≡ ÆºÿÄ ±ûôñ∞Ä φñóÆ⌠ ⌡ ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· ÑΘôΘÄ Θô»±· ΘñÆ ñº√ó ù√ô±ûñ óñ ₧δ ≈ñ ó⌡ óßô ∞ñó ⌡ ûó√≤ºô⌠ Ñ≤óφⁿ Ñ≤ô⌐⌡öⁿ ß∩ⁿ ⌡ Θô»±· æσôÑ ⌐ó. ][
THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    Ö±ñ∙ ≤á≡ ⌡ε√ÿÄ    █╨
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ù√⌡≤ó Θô»±·)¿Å( ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≤· ÿ≤°ô ⌡½ô≡ ó⌡ ñ⌡ƒ ≈±óñó ⌡ ≈±φô≥ ⌐ó⌠ ó⌡ æ⌐≤ô■  áóÆφ⌡≤· ûô √∞ó√φñ óñ »ñ√δ Ñ≤óφⁿ û⌡ó ∞· Ü°ô⌠ æΘñ√⌠ ≤√Ñ ºñ≤⌡⌐ÿÄ  ñÆ £≤√⌠  ñΩ≥Ñó∙ û⌡ó ∞· ⌡Ü⌡ó ±₧±ó)¼Å( óñ ⌡Ü⌡ó Æ√⌠ ó⌡ ⌐ôφñó ±±ÿôÑ ±∞ÿûÄ ⌡₧ⁿ Æºÿ±ñÆñ √ôûó ⌡ ∞⌡Öñ ùñ ûñ∞ÿ¬Å ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ æ⌠ ó⌡ ÿ⌠ ûÜ⌡⌐ó ⌡ ÆÑ æ±√áÿ⌠ æ⌠ ó⌡  óñ√ô■ ß½±ÿÄ  ⌡ ßΘÿÄ φ⌡≈ñ≈ôöⁿ ûñ⌡⌠ φñó≤ó ∞· ÿô Ω√ô±ÿÄ ≤⌡ñ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ñÆ ûñ Ü°ô≤√ô⌠ ûÿôûô≤≤ó ⌡ ₧ô½≡ Æ√⌠ ù√⌡≤ó ±ûôñ∞Ä £°ôñ ΘñÑ≤ó ⌐ó û·≤ô±°ô■ ₧º⌠)π( ₧º√⌠)π( Ñ√≤ûÄ ∞ûñ■)¿Å( Ñ√≤ûÄ ½µñ■)¿Å( )Æ≥ ∞∩Ö⌡≥( ⌡ ù≤Ü±ⁿ ... ó√φñ Ω∩≥ ñÆ √ôñÆ■ ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ ≤√ºÿÄ  A
    ⌐ñƒ Æ√⌠ ≈ÜñÆ⌠ ⌡ Æ√⌠ á⌡⌠ Üφñ      Æ√⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ ûφúÆñ ÿô ⌡ΩÿÄ óφñ
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THelpTopicH ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ₧±ôº· σó√ñ    █╨
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ºô≡ ó≈≥ ≈ÜñÿÄ û⌡ó ⌡ ù√ô±ûñ ÆÑ æáñ√⌠ ºΘñ ₧¢ á⌡ó ûôÑ ±ⁿφ⌐ÿÄì φñ⌡∙ Æ≤û⌡≈ⁿ ∞· ÿΓóÆó⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ÿô ½ó ⌡ û√ºÿÄ ≈ÑÆñ ñΩ≥ Ñó∙Æ≤ó Æ⌡ ñÆ ûóñΩ· ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ÿô Æ√≤∞· û· ù°≤· ûⁿæûⁿ û≤ô≥ σó√ñ á≥ ñº√ó≤ó ≤√≥ ñ⌡Ñ ≈√Üó≈≥ ú■ Æ∩₧Ü· û⌡ó ∞· ≤ôφ°ô⌠ ù√∞Ä ⌡₧ⁿ ûñ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ≤ôÑ≡ ⌐ó ⌡ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ áóÆ ù√ô≥ æ⌡ñó∙Æ■ ñº⌡≡ æ≤£· ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ ùñ⌡ñóφôñÿÄ ûñ ÿ⌡ ≤ôÑ≡ ⌐ó∙ û· φ⌡¬Å ±ñó≥ ûñºô⌠ ∞· Æφñ £≤√⌠ ≤∞≤ⁿ ñºô∩ÿÄ Æ⌡ ñÆ Æûετ ≤∞ñó∙Æ■ ⌡ áóÆ⌡≤ó ÿ⌡ ñÆ ÆÑ φÑ≤ó ±ñó±ô⌠ ₧Θα á⌡Æ≈ó ∞ñó" ù√ô±ûñ óºÿ⌡ñ ÿ⌡ΩΘÄ óÆó≤ó ⌡ ≈±φô⌠ óñ æ⌠ û√ôûô⌠ ûⁿæûÄ ⌡ óñ Ñ√ñ æΘÿôûÄ º⌡ÑÆ⌠ ½₧ñÆ Θñ⌡ó æ±ó≤ó. ±≤ûñ■ ÆÑ Ü°ôÑ ⌐ÿñÆ⌠ ûñÆ■ ù√ô±ûñ ºôáÿ≤ó ⌡ ±₧±ó ûñ ΘñÆÑ æ⌠ ñΘÿÄ ⌡ ñ⌡■ û· ±ñó≥ ∞ñó ÆûÿóÆ áóÆ■ ñÆ ºùô¿Å φΘÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ ûó√°ô■ ≤Θ¿Å Æ±ôñ∙ û· Æ⌡ ù≤ô∙ ÜºÿÄ ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó Æ■ ±ñó≥ ûÑ⌡ó■ ±⌠ ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ ⌐±ô ñáÿÄ ûñ ±ⁿû≤ó≥ ±⌠ ±ºö⌡∩≥ ⌡ ⌐±ô ≤√Ñ. æ√ô óñûôñ∙ ±⌠ £· ±ⁿÆ≤ó√⌐√ó Ü±Γ√ÿÄ ≤√∞⌡ Ü⌡ÆûÄ óÆó≤ó ⌡ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ÆΩñÆñ û· √φô≤φⁿ áóÆ⌡≤ó óñ ñºô∩ÿÄ á⌡√¬Å ⌡ ₧Ωô≤√ÿÄ ñ⌡Ñ ñºÿôá√Ñ φñΘÿÄ ⌡ Ü±Γ√ÿÄ ÆΩñÆñ ≤±⌡ó≤ó . i
æ≤φô∙ Θñ±⌡ó ±⌠ ó⌡ £√Ñ φñÆ≤û°ô óñ ±√ô⌠ ⌐±ô ±ⁿφúÆñ≥ √∞ⁿ ÖΩ≡ Æ∞ûñ ∞· ∞ÿôûÄ áóÆºÿÄ ⌡ ó√φñ■ ÖΩ≡ Æ½µñ ∞· Æ≈≡ û√ÿÄ ±≤≤ó ±ñó≥ ûñ æ≤ô⌠ ù√⌐ⁿ ≤φ√ñ√ó ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ßΩûÄ ≤±ô≤√ó ⌡ æ≤φô∙ óºÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( ñÆ óñ óºÿÄ φñΘÿÄ ⌡ æ≤Ωóñ ûôε ûñó ∞· ≈±φô⌠ Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ ∞≤ôñ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ó√ó≤ó ⌡ ⌐≤ôáÿ≤ó ºù¿Å Θñ±⌡ó: áóÆ⌡≤ó ±⌡ε■ ±⌠ ⌡ ±⌠ ±⌡ε■ ±÷±≤ô⌠ ≈ºÿ≥ ⌡ ûñ æ≤°ô ÆÑ á⌡ó⌐ô⌠ ºÑÆ⌡Æñÿñ≥ Æ■ ±ñó≥ ≈ñ ∞¿Å ∞· ±⌠ ±⌡ε ⌡ ñ≈ûñ Æ⌡√≥ Æ√⌠ ß∩ⁿ ≈≥ ±⌡ε ⌡ ñ≈ûñ Æ⌡ºÿÄ ⌡ Æ√⌠ Ü±∩· ñÆ º· ûôñ ÿ∞ñÆñ ∞ñó ⌡ £≤√⌠ ÆóÆ±· óÆó: ùñ⌡ñóφôñÆ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ó⌡ºÿÄ ûóÆñ ⌡ ó⌐±≤ô⌠ Æ⌡ ñÆ á⌡Æñ. áóÆ√ô ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ±₧⌡ñ ₧δ ΩñÆñ ó∙ ⌡ ºù¿Å Θñ±⌡ó: εÑ≥ ÆºÿÄ ₧ô¡ñÆ⌠ Æ√⌠ áûñ ñÆ û· σô√ûô⌠ ûñºô≤≤ó. ≈≤⌡Ñ ÆÜÿ±ôπ û· ₧ô≡ á⌡ó ûôΩⁿ û⌡ó ∞· ó⌡ûôñ∙ æ≈≤φÄ ñ⌡ƒ ûá¬Å ⌡₧ⁿ φ⌡¬Å Üô⌠ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ñÆ ≤⌡ÆÑ√ó "Æ±ñ⌡Ñ ó√≤ÿô⌠ ñÆ ûñÆ√ÿô⌠ ∞ô±≡ ≤±⌡ó≥ ⌡ ≤Γ±ÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ ûñ ⌐±ô û· ùô√ô⌠ ñºô≤ó≥ ⌡ Æºε≥ ñÆ û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ó√⌠ ûñÆ√ÿô⌠ ùº≤ó√ó≥" ⌡ ûó√≤ºô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ áóÆ⌡≤ó ûñÆ■ Üô≤⌐√≤ⁿ ù√ô±ûñ)¼Å( ûñφÑ√ó∙ ⌐ó.  



       
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THelpTopicç ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ÆΘ⌡≡ á⌡ñ⌐√ó ≤û⌡ÿÄ ⌡ æσôÑ Θÿ≤·≈ô    █╨
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ù≤Ü⌐≤û· æáñ ±ô∙ ½Θñ ÆÑ ºô≡ √ôÑó≈≥ ≈ÜñÿÄ û⌡ó ∞· ñº⌡≡ áóÆ óñ ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· ºñ óñ óÆ±⌠ ß∩ⁿ ±ñÿ¡ⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ó√ó∙ ÆÑ Ü°ô⌠ Θñ⌡ûºÿÄ ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( á⌡ó óñ Æ√⌠ ûôñ∙ ±ⁿΘñ±ô√≤ó: σ

ù√ô±ûñ óñ ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· ºñ¬Å ûñ º√≤· ±⌠ û⌡ó Üô⌠ ºùñó ⌡ ûñ ñ⌡■ óºÿÄ ±⌠ Üô⌠ ÆÑ ûó⌠ Æ⌡ ÜóÆ φ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ±⌠ ûñÆ■ ÿûñ∞Ä óºÿÄ ûñ £°ñ∙Æ≥ ∞⌐√ó≥ æ≤φô∙ ûó⌠ Æ⌡ ñÆ σº≡ óÆó≥ ⌡ Θñ⌐ÿφô⌠ ±ñÆ √ôñ■ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤óì φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ Θñ⌐ÿφô⌠ Θñ⌡ó æ±ó∙ ⌡ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ûôε ±ⁿñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ≈±°±· æ≤ô⌠ ∞· ûñ Üºó ù√ô±ûñ ≤±ôÑ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó≤ó ±ñÿûÄ û· φ⌡¬Å ±ⁿñº√ó. óñ ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· ß∩ⁿ)π( ⌡ ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ √ôñÆ⌠ ±⌐µ⌡≡ σº≡ ⌡ ∞Θ⌠ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ û⌡ó≤ó ó⌡ Ωû√∩· Æ⌡¿Å ⌡ áÑñ¢ ∞· ºô∩°ô■ ºô≡ ûô ≈≥ ñΩôûÿÄ ⌡ Ü≤φÄ ⌡ ÜóÆ≡ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡ Æºε≥ û· á½⌡±ÿÄ æ≤ô⌠ ùô√ô⌠ óÆó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ≈±φⁿ û· Æ≤½ôñ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û⌡ó≤ó óñ ºΩ√Θ· û≤ⁿ ºôßó∙ φñó æ±ó≤ó ÿô ûñÆ■ á⌡ó Æ±√ñ■ ûñφÑ√≤≤ó. áÑñÜ√°ô ⌐á½√ÿÄ ûñÜºÿ·Æ■ ±Ö≡ ºΓó û⌠ ßûôó∙ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ∞· ∞ô≤ó√óÆ■ Æ±ôñÿÄ û⌡ó ⌡ Æ⌡º√°ô ÆÑ óÆ⌐ÿ⌠ ⌐á½√ÿⁿ ∞· ≈±º≤φÄ Æ⌡ ûô⌐ó ±₧ñ⌡≥ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ »ñΘⁿ ûáô»ñ ñΩôûÿÄ ó√ñ√≤· ≤±ⁿá⌡Æºÿ≤ó û· Æ⌡ ñÆ■ ó≈≤ó ⌡ óñ ùⁿ Θñ½ÿⁿ ±ⁿφ⌐ÿ≤ó. ß±ñ ÆÑ ±ôÜñÆ ±»∩Σ ⌐ó ⌡ ûô æφô∙ ∞ñó⌠ Æû⌡û∞ñ ÆÑ Üñ√ô⌠ ≈ñ ó⌡ û»ñΘÄ ºΩ√Θ· û· ñÆ∙ ÆΘÿôó≤ó ⌡ óñ û√⌠ ñÆ∙ ûô Æû⌡ ßû√ó┤ ÜñÆƒ ûñá⌡ñó ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ ⌡■ ñÆ ≤√Ñ ûô á⌡ó ≈±ñÆ∙ ≤±⌡ó≤ó ⌡Ωÿⁿ û· æ≤Üô ñº√ó≤ó ß±ñ ûô ½óÆ■ û∩≤ó Θñ√ôó ∞ñó ±φñ ≤⌐≤√ó∙Æ√ó ∞· ñº⌡≡ áóÆ Θñ±⌡ó: G

á∩√Θ· ±⌠ ÆÑ Ωñ√¬Å ÆºÿÄ" Ωû√∩· Æ⌡¿Å ∞· ±≤ÿαñ £≤√⌠ Θñ½ÿⁿ û⌡ó≤ó φΘÿ≤ó æñ■ ⌐≤√ó∙Æ√≥ ºù¿Å ß±ñ ⌡ Æû⌡ û∞ñ óñ ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· áεΘÿÄ ñÆ û· √∞ó√φñ ÿΓôñΘÄ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ⌡Æñó Ü±Σ Æ≤½ôñ ⌐ó≤ó ⌡ ß±ñ óºÿÄ Æû⌡û∞ñ ñÆ û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ û√ΓÿÄ Θ⌐ñó ⌡ Æû⌡ ßû√ó∙ ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ æ⌠ ±ñóÆ⌠ Ωû√∩· Æ⌡¿Å ≤√Ñ £≤√⌠ ∞ñó≤ó Æ±ô áÑñÜ√°ô ûó⌡⌠ û√ΓÿÄ ⌡ û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ÆßÿñÆ«Å ºΩ√Θ· ñÆ ÿñ∞Ä ≤±⌡ó≤ó. ¬

ù¿Å ÆÑ ±ôÜñÆ■ ºΩ√Θ· Æû⌡ û∞ñ ⌡ ß±ñ ⌡ Æû⌡ ßû√ó∙ ºñ±ºÿÄ ÆÑ ûôó∙ ù√ñ⌡Ñ■ û· »ñΘÄ ±ºÜó ñ⌡Æ≤· ⌐ó≤ó ⌡ Æ⌡º√°ô ≤√Ñ û· ó≤ûô≡ æ≤ô⌠ û· ñÆ∙ ÆΘÿôó≤ó ⌡ óñ û√⌠ ñÆ∙ ≤√Ñ »ñΘóÆñÆ⌠ ó√φñ■ √ôΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ûôεáñ∙ Æû⌡ û∞ñ û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ á∩√Θ· ñº⌡≡ áóÆ ûñ ±≤ûñ ⌐ó ⌡ ±°ôÜñ√⌠ óñ ±Ωôû≡ ß±≡ Æ≤Üô≥ ⌐ó∙ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ûó√⌠ ÿñÿ√ûÄ áεΘÿÄ Æû⌡ û∞ñ æσôÑ φñó√ó. Æ±ô ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ ±°ôÜñ√⌠ ⌡ ⌐á½√ÿ°ô■ ûñÜºÿ· Æºε≥ ⌡ û≤ⁿ ≈ô⌐≥ ≈±ñÆ∙ ûô ß∩ⁿ)π( û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ ÆßÿñÆ«Åì óñ áô≤· Ñ≈ñÆ ±ÿ₧½⌠ ⌐ó≤ó. 



 
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THelpTopicN ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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J


Æû⌡û∞ñ ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· ùô√·≈ô■ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ Æºÿ⌡Æñ ≤±ô√ó εÑ≥ û⌡ó ÆÑ ±ÿ₧½≤ô⌠ ⌡ ±Γÿñ¡ô⌠ ⌡ á½⌡½ô ß∩ⁿ)π( û√ΓÿÄ ûφ√ñó û· ≈±√⌠ Ü°ÿÄ ß±ñ ñÆ ûô ßó∙Æ■ ±ô±⌡ñ ∞ñó ∞· ±Γÿñ¡ô⌠ ñÆ ûñÆ■ û√ΓÿÄ û· ±ºÜó û√ô⌡ñ≤ó. ß±ñ ≈±ñÆ∙ ûô Ü±Γ√ÿÄ óñ ±Ωôû≡ áô≤· Ñ≈ñÆ æ±ó ⌡ Θñ√ôó ∞ñó û· áóÆ º⌡φ≤ó √ô áô≤· ñÆ ±ⁿº⌡ÑÆ≤≥ √ô ±ÿ₧½≤ô⌠ ûñÆ■ û√ΓÿÄ áô≤· ñÆ ÿñ∞Ä φ⌡√≤ó ⌡ £⌡⌠ ûô ±Ωô⌡±ÿÄ æ≤ô⌠ ñ⌡ûñ⌡ ⌐ó ⌡ æÿ¬Å ûñ ÆΘñ⌡áÿÄ ⌡ û· áô≤· Ñ≈ñÆ ≈Ü⌡≥ ûñó ±ô±⌡ñÆ⌠ á∩√Θ· ß∩ⁿ)π( ñÆ ∞⌐ô⌠ ∞⌐ô⌠ û· »ñΘÄ ±ºÜó ûñó≤ó ÿô ûô »⌡π ⌡ ñσûÿÄ û· áεΘÿÄ Æû⌡ û∞ñ ñ╛■ ó≈ó ⌡ ÆÜ±ôπ Æ½₧ôûÄ ₧≡ ⌡ ßΩó ₧ô½≡ φñóó ⌡ Æ∞≤⌡⌠ ûñÆóñÆ⌠ º≤ⁿ ±ô ûÿ⌡Æ≤≤óûô ÿ±º∞Ä û· æ⌠ ûñ ₧Ωô≤√ÿÄ áεΘÿÄ Æû⌡ û∞ñ Æºÿóε≡ ≤±ô√≤ó ⌡ óñ Üñ√ô⌠ Æ√⌠ √⌡ñ¬Å Ñ≈ñÆ)¿Å( ±Üñ⌡ƒ φñó√ó ⌡ ∞⌡ó∞Ä ⌐¬Å ±ô≈· Æ⌡ ºΩ» ⌐ó ⌡ ûñ ÆÖñ ½ó±ôÿÄ Üº±ⁿ ⌡ ñ⌡₧ⁿ ∞· óñ Æ√⌠ Üñ√ô⌠ ⌡ Üñ√ô≤°ô■ ûΓó■ ûñ Æ⌡ ⌡Æñó φñó√ó óñ ûºÿñ û√±ôñ■ ÆΘÿôó ⌡ ûô ó∩ⁿ ùñ óñó ⌡ á⌐±φ√⌠ ÆÑ ∞ñóÆñ ⌐√á√⌠ ⌡ Æú≤ôûÄ æ≤ô⌠ óÆñ Θô≤ⁿ ñÆ ⌡óÆπ φΘÿÄ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( óñ ±√ô⌠ »⌡Θô⌠ ₧⌡ÆóÖÄ ⌡ ∞√≤·≈ô■ ∞°≤· ∞ºô≤ⁿ ∞· ¡ñûÄ ⌐½ÿÄ Æ⌡ ñÆ ó√ó∙ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ₧ºôóÿÄ æ≤°ôöⁿ ∞· ÆΘÿáôñÆÿÄ Æ⌡ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ºáÿÄ ÿ₧Ω√ñ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ Æ√⌠ ∞√≤·≈ô ⌡ ₧ºôóÿÄ≈ô óñ ó≡≈ô■ æ≤ô⌠ φñ∙ á⌡ñó∙ ⌡ ßΩó∙ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ Æ∞≤⌡⌠ ºñ ûôÑ ∞ñó∙ û⌡óì ÿ≤°ô ⌡ ûⁿ √ô⌡ñ ±ô≤ó. ][
THelpTopicÖ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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ûô æσôÑ áεΘÿÄ Æû⌡ û∞ñì ±⌡∩ⁿ ÆÑ √∞Ä »ñΘÄ ⌐ô≈ó û· ÿôñÆ¢ ñΘÿ⌠ ₧δ ±º∩≥ á⌡√¬Å û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ »ñΘⁿ ≤φñÆ⌠ ⌡₧óÿÄ Üô±Γ· ≤⌡ùô■ Æºε±ⁿ ∞· ûñ ÆÖñ ∞⌡⌐⌐°ô■ áºÿφⁿ ≤ôùú√ñ ù√ô±ûñ ÿô ûóÆ⌠ ùô√· ñº√ó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ∞⌡£∞ÿñ√⌠ ÆáÿεΘÄ ⌡ Ü≤φÄ óÆá∩ⁿ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ £≤ô⌠ æÿ⌐ⁿ ûñ ÆΘñ⌡Ñó ∞· ≤°ô≡ Ü⌡Æ⌠ Æºε≥ ñÆ ÿô ñ√⌐· ûº⌡ÑÆ≤ó £⌡⌠ ÆÑ √∞»ñΘÄ ñ⌡≥ ⌡ Æ√ñÆ⌠ ⌡ ÆÑ √∞Ä º⌡ Ωûô√≡ ùñÆ∞≤ó∙ ßñûÄ ∞· ¡ñûÄ ⌐½ÿÄ ù√ô±ûñ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ñÆ≥ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ ó√φñ ±≤ôΘΩô⌠ óÆá∩ⁿ ≈±φⁿ óñ ùⁿ û°ô≤·Æ■ ûñÆ■ ≤ôû⌡ó ∞ñó⌠ Æºε≥ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ±º∩≥ Ü≤φÄ óÆá∩ⁿ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ ≈±· æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ û· æñÑ⌡■ ó√ñ√≤· á⌡ó ûñºô≤ó û· ≈±√⌠ áô»ñ ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( ⌐±⌐√ñ ñÆ óñ σεΘÄ ≤±⌡ó ⌡ ÆÑ ₧δ ±º∩≥ á⌡√¬Å φú⌐ÿÄ. ÿ≤°ô ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· ₧ÜÿÄ ûñ ≈±φô⌠ ÿ±ô≥ ûô⌐ó ÆûÿóÆò ÆÑ »ñ√δ ºá≤ñÆ≤ⁿ ⌡ Æ₧ÿÜô¢. Θ¡ô√≡ ⌡ ûñÜºÿφⁿ≈ô ⌡ ΘóÆ∞ôñ■≈ô■ á⌡√¬Å óñ ñÆ∙ Æºε≥ ⌡ ºΘôñ⌐ôÿÄ ù√ô±ûñ óñûôñ∙ ∩√ôΩÿÄ Æ⌡ ûñÆ■ áεΘÿÄ ñÆ û· √ôó ±ñó≥ æ⌡ñó ⌡ æ≤φô∙ ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· Θñ½ÿÄ û· óºÿÄ ó⌐±≤ô⌠ ≤√Θÿó º∞⌡ÿÄ »⌡ε≤ⁿ ⌡ Üô≤Θñºô■ á⌡√¬Å ñÆ æσôÑ ∞ñó º∞⌡ÿⁿ ∞· á⌡ó ±⌡∩ⁿ ±ⁿΘñ±ô√ó ≈±£⌡⌠ áôñ óñ £⌐≥ ⌡ Æºÿá⌡Æ⌠ óñ φ∩⌡ û⌡ó. ü
óñ áε≡ ºô∩°ô■ ºáÿÄ º∞⌡ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( û· Ü±Σ æ⌡ñ■ ⌡ ÿΘº√ñ Ωñæ⌠ ⌡ ÿñû√ÿÄ ⌐ôφñóÆ≤ⁿ ⌐ô√ºÿ· ⌡ ùôºí û· ùñº⌐°ô■ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ±∩≡ ⌡ ≤₧≡ ó√φñ ⌡ û√ô⌠ ₧∞≥ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ñ⌡√óÆó≈ô■ ≤⌡α°⌡ñ ⌡ ∞ôñ ⌡ ∞⌡⌐¬Å ûñÆ■ ÿô±√⌠ Ñ≤óφⁿ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ û√≤⌡Æ√ô⌠ ⌡ óñ±ô≤óφô⌠ ùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ ûñÆ■ Ü∩⌡φ√ñ■ ÆÑ Θñ⌡ ñ√áÿ⌠ ±Üó ⌡ ßα±ÿÄ Æºε≥ ûô á∩Θôò ÆÑ óñ æ⌐ÿⁿ óñ æ±ó ⌡ ₧ÿⁿ óñ φñ≈°ô■ ∞⌡ñ ±ºôö≡ º√ôºⁿ ⌡ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ Üô±Γ· Æºε±ⁿ √φô≤· ±⌐∞≡ φ⌐ô■ æ≤ô⌠ ⌐ó. 




        
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THelpTopicc ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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á∩√Θ· º⌡≥ ûñ ÆÖñ º⌡Æñ ∞ñó⌠ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ ÆΘñÆó ≤ô⌐ô√ºÿÄ Æ±⌡■ ûñ φñó∙ ±ñó≥ ⌡ ÿΓ»√≡ ₧ó⌡ó Æ∩°ⁿ ⌡ Æ√úÆò ⌡ ¡ñûÄ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ Æ½₧ôûÄ ù√ô±ûñ ⌡ ÿûΓ√ó ûñáⁿ ó√φñ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ⌡ ÿΩº√≥ û√ÿÄ Æ∩±ô≡ óñ ±√ô⌠ û≤ⁿ Æ±√· ûôßÖÄ á⌐≥ ßó∙ Ñ√ôó■ ÆÑ ±º∩±√⌠ ⌐ó ⌡ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ÆÑ ±½ñ ⌡ ∞⌡Θ· û· ±ó√≤· ≈Ü⌡≥ æ⌡ñó≤ó ⌡ φñ⌡∙ ûÑñφⁿ ÆÑ ±°ôÜñ√⌠ ⌡ Æ≤½ôñ ≤√Ñ û· æ≤ô⌠ ù√⌡ºÿ≤ó ⌡ ß∩√· á∩√Θ· ⌐⌡ñ¬Å ≤±⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ºñÆ≤Üô≥ ⌐⌡ñ¬Å û· Ωÿ≡ á∩√Θ· ±≤Üñ ⌐ó ºù¿Å ±º∩±√⌠ û· óñ áô≤· ß∩ⁿ)π( ñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ûô Æ½ñÆñ ÆÑ Æ⌡ á⌡Æºÿ≤ó ∞· ₧ô∞±√ÿÄ Üô±Γ· Æºε±ⁿ ñÆ ûñ ß°ó∙ φ√ñó ±⌡∩ⁿ ÆûÿóÆò Æ±ÿ≤ôπ ≤±⌡ó≤ó Æ±ô ⌡Ωÿⁿ ùôΘ⌐ôñ■ ⌡ Æ½ñÆñ ±ñó≥ ñÆ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ∞ñó≤ó ₧ÜÿÄ ñÆ ûñ á⌡√¬Å ÿ±ô≥ ⌐ó∙ √ôΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· û√ΓÿÄ ûô Æ⌡ ù≤°ô≤ⁿ ⌡ ≤ôφ°ô≤ⁿ ≤ûô⌐ó û· ±ºÜó ñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ ∞∩√· ±º∩±ô≤ô≤ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ±½ñ ⌡ ßñÆδ æ±ó∙û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ±°ôÜñ√⌠ ⌡ Æ≤½ôñ ±φñ ßó∙ Æ≤φ⌐ÿÄ ⌐±ôñ■ì ≈±φⁿ ûô »⌡π ⌡ ñσûÿÄ ûô Æ⌡ û√ΓÿÄ ≤±⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ±⌡∩ⁿ ÆÑ ≈±ô⌠ æσôÑ Æßε≥ ∞ñó ∞· ₧Ω⌡δ σ½ûÄ ⌐ó∙ ñÆ ûôÑ ±ⁿφñóÆ≤ó. û√ÿÄ Æ∩±ô≡ ñÆ û»⌡ñ ±ºô⌡■ óñ û√⌠ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ÿΩº√≥ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ Θñ±ô≤ñ⌡Æ√ô⌠ ≤ô½ô∩ƒ ñÆ ßÑ≡ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ó. ][
THelpTopicä ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ñ⌡√ôñ⌡√ⁿ ûô ≤ô∞Ö√⌠ ⌡ ΘôÜΓ· Ü±≡    █╨
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ù√ô±ûñ óñ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ₧√ôÿÄ á⌡ó û· ß∩ⁿ Θñ±⌡ó: Æ■ ß∩ⁿ ÿ⌡ ûô ù√±ô≤⌐∞≤ô⌠ ⌡ ºÿ±φñÆ⌠ ⌡ áôñÜô⌠ ÆÑ ó√⌠ á⌡Æ≈ⁿ Ü≤φ√ó. ù√±ô≤⌐∞≤ô⌠ √ô ≤ô∞Ö√⌠ φñ⌡≈ⁿ û⌡ó≤ó ∞· ÆûÿóÆò ûô ß∩ⁿ û√ΓÿÄ ∞ñó≤ó ºñó±óÆñÆ⌠ Æ√⌠ φñ⌡∙ »∩₧· ⌡ Ñû√ñ û⌡ó≤ó ∞· óñ ù⌡⌐¬Å Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ ßô√⌐· ≈±ºñ ù√ô±ûñ ⌡ ∞±∞°ô■ ûⁿóñ√Φ û≤ⁿÆ±√· ºùô≈ⁿ φñÆ⌠ ûñÆ■ ÿ½ñΘÄ ∞⌡Θ· ⌡ û½ñ∙ ÿñÿ√ûÄ óÆó≤ó ⌡ á⌡ó ñÆ û· û½ñ∙ ñºô≤ó∙ ⌡ æ≤Üô ñÆ ÿ½ñΘÄ ∞ñó≤ó Æ±ô≥ û· ÿΓΩ√ûÄ æ≤ô⌠ ùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ ≤ûñó■ ±√ô⌠ »ñΘ√⌠ ûñ ùô ⌐ó ∞· óñ æ⌠ »∩₧· ⌡ Ñû√ñ ∞⌐ÿ· ⌐ó≤ó ⌡ ºùô∙ æ≤ô⌠ ±ÿΘñδ ⌐ó ⌡ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ û· ÆºôñÿÄ óñ æ±ó≤ó ∞· ûΓóÆ ±⌡ñó ûá⌐¬Å Æ±ô≥)π( ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ≤ó. ß∩ÿÄ ±áô∩ΘÿÄ »∩₧· ⌡ Ñû√ñ Æ√⌠ û⌡ó ∞· æ≤ô⌠ Θ°±√ó≤ó óñ óºÿφô∙ ß∩ⁿ)π( ÆÑ ûñ√Ñ ⌡ ûùô⌐°ô■ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ áεΘÿÄ ßÖ±ô⌠ ⌡Ü⌡ó ≤óÆñó ⌡ Æ⌡ ùºÿÄ ⌡ ±Ωô≥ û√°⌡ó∙ û· ∞ºⁿ ≤±ⁿó≈ó ⌡ æ≤ô⌠ ∞· óñ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ßÖ±ô⌠ ÆÑ ºΘñ∙ φºÿñó∙ û√ÿÄ Æ∩±ô≡ º√ñ £ñ√ó∙ ⌡ ⌐∞≥ ûñ æ⌡ñó∙ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ±ô≡ ⌡ ±≤ô≡ ⌡ áô≤· ⌡ σε≥ ⌡ ∞≤√Ñ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡Ωÿⁿ ∞· ó√ó≤ó ß∩ⁿ ùºÿÄ ∞· û· æ≤°ô ≤±ⁿó≈ó ≈√¥ û∩∞· ÆÑ Æ√⌠ û· ûΓó ûô√ó ûô ó√φñ ±º∩±√⌠ óñ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ û√ÿÄ Æ∩±ô≡ ±ºô⌡■ ûô⌐≤óì ß∩≥ ±áô∩ΘÿÄ ûñ ÆΘñÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡ ßô√⌐· ñÆ ∞· ûô ß∩ⁿ ∞√≤·Æ■ ó√ñ√≤· óÆ⌐ÿÄ ûô á⌡ó ≈±φô≥ ≤±⌡ó≤ó. ][
THelpTopicü ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ±Ωôû∩· ûô Ωôº»√⌠ ⌡ ⌡ÆΩΓ· ½Θ√⌠    █╨
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Ωôº»ô⌠ √ô φñ⌡∙ ºÿ±φñÆ⌠ ±Γô⌡√·⌡ ù√ñ⌡Æ⌠ Æ⌡ û⌡ó≤ó ₧¡ñÿÄ Æ±√ñ óñ ≈±ô⌠ æσôÑ áεΘÿÄ ÿ½±√≥ ûñ ßÑ≡ ±Γô⌡√· φñΘÿÄ. w
Æ±ô Æ⌡ ûô áóß· ⌡ ₧√∩· ⌡ æΘñ√ó⌠ ₧⌡ÆóÖÄ Θñ√û≤ó∙ Ωñ√ûÄ ó⌡ ºô≡ ⌡ û∩∞· ÿô ùô√ô⌠ ß±ñ Æ±ô≥ Θ∞ñ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ñÆ û· á⌡ó ±⌐µ⌡≡ ºôáÿÄ ⌡ ≤ûñó ½Θ√⌠ óñ ±≤»Ω·Æ■ ±√ô⌠ ßñÆδ ⌡ ⌐ô≥ û√⌠ Æ⌡ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ñí óÆó ∞· óñ æ⌠ á⌡⌠ ±ÿÜô⌡Ñ ÆÑ ½ó ≈ÑÆñ ±º∩±ô⌠ ñ√áÿ· ⌐ó ⌡∩ⁿ Æ±ô≥)π( û· ≈óΘÄ ≤°ôöⁿ á⌡ó ≤ñº√ó ≈ñ £≤ó ±Γô⌡√· óñ ±≤»Ω· ⌐ô≥ ±≤Ñ⌡■ ⌐ó. ºñù√£ⁿ ±Γô⌡√· ÆÑ û√ΓÿÄ ûô Æ±ô≥)π( ⌡ »µ√ô⌠ Æ⌡ ºûûÄ ⌐ó ∞· Æ±ô≥ ûô ºùô≈ⁿ φñÆ⌠ û· º⌡■ Æ⌡ ₧ñ∞ÿÄ ∞≤ó ⌡ ±Γô⌡√· ≤√Ñ ±ñó≥ ⌐ô≥ ñÆ ûñÆ■ ≤ûñó ûô ß∩ⁿ)π( æ±ôó∙ ∞ñó ó⌡ ºùô∙ óñ ±≤»Ω·Æ■ ±√ô⌠ ßñÆδ ⌡ ⌐ô≥ ûô ≈≥ ñ⌡ûñ⌡ ⌐ó≤ó Æ±ô≥)π( ÆÑ ñ⌡Ñ ≤áºÿÄ ≈óΘ¬Å Æ√⌠ û⌡ó ∞· óñ ½⌡ñÿÄ Æ±∞ô⌠ ±ºô∩· ñÆ ûó⌡⌠ á⌡⌠ ñ√Ñ■ Θ√½∩· ó≈ó Æ±ô »µ√ô⌠ ±Γô⌡√· ±ô≤Σ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞ôñ ⌐ó ⌡ ºñÆ≤Üô≥ ù¿Å ÆÑ Æÿ±ô≥ ₧ÜÿÄ≈ô■ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ Æ±ô≥)π(ì æÿ¬Å Ü≤φÄ ⌐Γ∩·⌡ñ ⌐ó. ù¿Å ÆÑ ñ⌡Ñ≈ô ≤ûñó ⌡ ∞⌐ÿôñ ºùô∙ ó⌐±⌠ áºÿ· ⌐ó ⌡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ÿ½±√≥ φñΘÿÄ ∞· ∞ôñ Ü≤φÄ ñÆ √∞ºñ∙ ºôÑó ºñ≤⌡⌐ÿÄ Ü≤φÄ óñ ₧ô≡ ùô√ô⌠ ùú√ñΘÿ⌠ û· ≤ΘΣ Æ±ô≥ û⌡ó ⌡ £√Ñ■ ≤±ô≤ó∙ û⌡ó ∞· á√±· Θñ±ô≤ó≈ⁿ ±Γô⌡√· ÆÑ »ñΘÄ ºùô∙ Æ±ô≥ ûñ∞≤ó∙ ⌐⌡ó ∞· ≤ôφ°ô⌠ ±Γô⌡√· ûô ≈±∞ôñ■ ß±ñ⌡ ßô¼Å ₧√∩·Æ■ Æ≤ó√⌐√ó. óºÿ⌡ñ óÆó ºùô≈√ô⌠ Æ⌡ Ωñæ≤°ô ⌡ ±½ô₧√ΘÄ ñÆ ûñ ≤⌡∞Ä ≤√Ñ∙≈ô ûºÿ≤ó ⌡ ≈±φⁿ √∞½óÆ ⌐Γôñ óÆó≤ó ∞· ₧ô∞≥ ±√ô⌠ ±ô ⌡ ⌐±ô ∞ÿôûÄ áóÆºÿÄ. ±≤αñ∙ ñ⌡ƒ Æ≤φ√Ñ ±½ô₧ΘÄ ⌡ ≤ô∩·≈ô■ ±°ñ æΘñ√⌠ ßΩ≡ ⌡ ≈⌡¬Å ñÆ ÆÑ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ºñûôÑÆ⌠ Æ±ô≥ ñû⌡ó ⌡ ûôεáñ∙ ₧±ôΩÿÄ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ Æ½₧ôûÄ Æ±ô≥ ⌡ ≤√ñ≤φÄ ⌡ ≤Θôδ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ó√φñ ºûûÄ ⌐ó ∞· ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( Ü≤φÄ ñÆ ±ÿ⌡ΩΘÄ ≤±ô√ó ⌡ û· ₧∞±√ÿÄ ÿ⌠ óñ ó≈ó. ºôó∙ ∩⌡₧ô⌠ ÆÑ ºùô∙ Æ±ô≥ ∞· ÿΓóÆó⌐ô⌠ ∞≥ ≤û⌡ó ûñÆ■ ₧∞±√ÿÄ ûñ áεΘÄ ≤αñ Æ±ô≥ Æû⌡ ±⌡ºⁿ Æ⌐Γñ■ ñÆ ûñφÑ√ó≤ó ∞· ⌐á½√ÿⁿ ºôó∙ ∩⌡ƒ ⌡ ººÿÄ ß≤½ñ û⌡ó ⌡ ÆÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√Ñ ó≡ á⌡⌐ⁿ ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ »ñΘÄ ó⌐±⌠ ñ⌡ûô∙ ±∞ôñ■ ≈±£⌡⌠ ß±ñ⌡ ßô¼Å ûñφÑ√ó∙ ⌐ó ⌡ ùô√ô⌠ ûôÑ■ ₧∞±√ÿÄ Θñ√ûÄ á⌡ñó⌠ Æû⌡ ±⌡ºⁿ û⌡º√∩· ß±ñ⌡ ßô¼Å û⌡ó ⌡ ≤ÿ√Ü· æ⌠ ÿÖû√ÿÄ ±⌡ΩΓ√ÿÄ ±Γô⌡√· ⌡ Θñ½ÿÄ √ôΘÿ⌠ Æ⌡ ûñÆ■ ÿÜó√ó Ω⌡Æ û⌡ó.  



   
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 ║█    ±⌡ÆÜ°· ûô ±ôñΩ√⌠ ⌡ σ⌡σô■ ≤°ñ⌡Æ⌠    █╨
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±ôñΩô⌠ √ô φñ⌡∙ áôñ¢ ÆÑ ó√⌠ ≈±ô⌠ á⌡Æñ¢ û⌡ó≤ó æ≤ô⌠ ÜÑ⌡ ºùô≈√ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( ⌡ ÿô  ùô√ô⌠ ≤ûñó ½Θ√⌠ óñ ñ∞ôûÄ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ±ⁿÜ≤φ√ó≤ó Æ±ô ∞ôñ≈ô■ Θñ√û≤ó∙ ±Γô⌡√· ⌡  Ω⌐ñ■ û⌡ó⌠ á⌡ó æ≤°ô ºûûÄ ⌐ó ∞· ûñ Æ±ô≥ á⌡ó û⌐⌡ñ≤ó ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ ûôÑ■ ₧∞±√ÿÄ φñ⌡∙  º⌡±ⁿ ⌐ó≤ó ∞· ≈≥ ûñ ¡ó Æ±ô≥ û⌡ó ⌡ ≈≥ ûñ ¡ó ±Γô⌡√·.  Æ±ô≥)π( ûô Æ√⌠ φñ⌡∙ óñ ±≤»Ω·Æ■ û· ≤ô≥ ≤°ñ⌡Æ⌠ ñ⌡ û· ñ⌡ ⌐ó ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ Æÿ±ô≥ ₧ÜÿÄ ⌡ ûôÑφñóÆ≤ó⌠ ßó∙ Ñ√ôó■ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ì ûΩ√· ñÆ ÆÑ ó≥ ÿ√Φ φúñÆ≤ó ⌡ Ü±Σ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ±ÿΘñδ  ≤±⌡ó. 



      
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 ║█    σñ⌡ûÄ á⌡ñ⌐√ó óñ ±µñûÄ ºÜóφô∙    █╨
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ù¿Å ÆÑ ≤ûñó ≤°ñ⌡Æ⌠ ⌡ óñ≈≥ ⌐∞ºÿ⌠ á⌡Æñ¢ ⌡ ΘñÆñ■ ⌐ó⌠ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ì º· ÿ⌠ ÆÑ æ≤°ô óñ ±∞· φñó æ±ó≤ó ⌡ ÿ½±√≥ ûñ Ωÿ≡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ⌡ ±Γô⌡√· ⌡ ß±ñ⌡ ßô¼Å φñΘÿ≤ó £⌡⌠ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ßô±≡ ûóûáÿⁿ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ⌡ Ü≤φÄ ⌡ ∞⌐ÿôñ óñ û√⌠ ±ñó≥ ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿ≤ó ßûóÆ∩ñ₧±⌠ û⌠ ±∩Ü≥ ±ñÆó■ ±ô±⌡ñ Ωÿ≡ ß∩ⁿ)π( φñó√ó ⌡ ûô ≈±√⌠ ≤√ÿÄ æ≈≤φÄ ∞⌡Θ· ≤±⌡ó óñ ∞⌡Θ· ûô óáÿñ■ û≤ô≥ Ω»ô≥ æ⌐≤ô ⌐ó ⌡ ó≡ ûñ Æ⌡ ûºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ Æ⌡ á⌡Æºÿφôñ■ ≤±⌡ó ⌡ Æ⌡ Ωû⌡≡ á⌡ó ñÆ ±⌐ñ⌡» û· Ωÿ≡ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≤±⌡ó. ⌡ Æ√⌠ á⌡Æºÿ·ì Æû⌠ ±∩Ü≥ ñÆ óñ ∞ôñ á⌡ó ±½±≥ÿñ ≤±⌡ó ∩úÆ ⌐±⌐√ñ■ ÿ°√· ∞ñó ⌡ æ≤ñÆ ûô Ñ≈ñ■ ±°∩∞Ä æûÄ óÆó ⌡ ºñÆ≤Üô≥ óñ º₧ñφô∙ ≤⌡Ñó≈≥ ñ±¡ô⌠ óñ ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( óñ ±₧ñÆûÄ ßûôóÿÄ ºñ ûñ ºÜó∙ ≤°ôó∙ û⌡ó £≤ô⌠ ⌐±⌐√ñ Ñ≈ñ æ∩⌡ó á⌡ó ñÆ ûñ Θñδ Æ⌡ Θñ⌡ó æ⌡ñó ∞· Ñ≈ñ ⌐±⌐√ñ ÿô ±µÑ ºñ ±⌡∩ⁿ ñº√ó ⌡ Ωô±ÿÄ ßóÆ∩ÿÄ á±√ó∙ ⌡ ≈±ô■ ÿ√Ñ ùñ⌡ÆÑ æº±ô⌠ ⌡ε√ÿÄ óñ á⌡⌠ á⌡ó »ù√ó ⌡ ≤óÆ■ ΘÑÿÄ ⌡ ñûÄ Æ∩∞Γû·Æ¬Å óñ ±ºÜó ∞⌡Θ· ù√£√ó. !
óñ ±⌡ñó ⌐°ôóÿÄ ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( φΘÿ·Æ≤ó: ╩
Ωÿ≡ Θⁿ ±₧ñÆûÄ Æ∩Γûôó┤ ∩⌐ó┤ ßó∩· æñ■ ùôΘ⌐ôñ■ ß∩ⁿ óñ ÆÜñÆ■ ₧δ ⌡ ±≤₧ñΘÄ ≤⌐ó⌠ Æ⌡ ÆÑ ½ñÆ» ±ºÿΩ√≥ ⌡ Æ½ñÆñ Æ⌡ óñ Æß±ô≡ ßóÆ∩ÿÄ⌡ ±≤₧ñΘÄ ≤⌐ó⌠ÆÑ æ⌠ óñ ≈√¥ ⌐ñÆ√»ⁿ ⌡ û· û°ô≤· ≈√¥ ±½∩₧ÿⁿ ºûûÄ ⌐°ôóÿÄ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ φñó√ó. ô
           ó⌐±ÉÉ⌠ »ÉÉô⌡¿Å æ±ÉÉó ùñ Æ⌡        Æ■ ûºô ⌐· ñÆ ∞· ∞⌐ÿ¬Å Θñ Æ⌡
           φΘÿÄ ±⌠ æ⌠ æ≈⌡≥ ∞Ñ ≤ôΘÄ ±⌠        ñ√áÿÄ æ⌠ ½√ÉÉôó á⌡⌠ ½ôΘÄ ±⌠
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ÆÑ ≤αñ ù√ô±ûñ ß∩ⁿ)π( ±₧⌡ñ ₧δ ⌡ óñ ÆÜñÆ■ óºÿ⌡ñ áóÆ óΩ√δ ⌡ ºáÿφ√ñ ⌡ ≈ñφÑ ÿ±∩δ ⌡ ±óÆ≈≤· óñ Ñ≤óφⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ∙ ≤óÆñó ù√ô±ûñ ûôñ≈ô óñ ±⌡ñó Æ⌡ ±ⁿΘñ±⌡ó: Æ⌡ ÆÑ ±⌠ ⌡ ±⌠ ÆÑ Æ⌡√≥ ⌡ Æ⌡ ûΓó ÆÑ ±⌠ ⌡∩ⁿ ⌐±ôºÿÄ. ±⌠ ⌐°ñ ß∩≥ ≈ºÿ≥ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ )π( óñûÄ æ⌠. ß∩ⁿ óñ ±√ô⌠ Æ√⌠ Æ±ÿÄ ≈±£⌡⌠ ù√ô±ûñÆ⌠ Ω¡ô⌡ÿÄ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. *óñ ≤αñ Æö±·)π( ß∩ⁿ)π( ⌐á½√ÿⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ù√⌐√≤√ô⌠ û· ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ Æ⌡ ≤ñº√ó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ æ√≤óφô⌠ ≈ñφÑ ±ô≤≤ó Æ⌡ ≤á⌡Æ≈≤ó ó√ó ⌡ óñ ßûôóÿÄ ⌡ û≤óφⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ æ≤£≤ô⌠ û∩≤ó ±ñÿû· ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿ≤ó ∞· Æ±ô≥ ºÜôó ûô æ⌠ ∞ÖñÿÄ ßûôóÿÄ ßûôóÆÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ óñ Ωûô≡ ßûôóÆÿÄ ⌐φΘÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≤ô£√Ñ ±ⁿ⌐±ôñó. *ó⌐±≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≤√Ñ ûô ⌡Ü⌡ó ßóÆ⌡ÿÄ ⌡ ∞√≤·Æ■ ∞· ÆÑ ⌡■ óñ ó≡ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡∩ⁿ ûô Æ√⌠ ₧ô≡ φô≈ⁿ ≤ôá⌡óæφô∙ Ñûô⌠ û· ÿ±Ü√ó Æ⌡ ±ⁿφ⌐⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ßα±ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ æ≤£≤ô⌠ û⌡ó ∞· ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿ≤ó ÆÑ ÿ±Ü√ó Æ⌡ á⌡ó óÆñ■ ≤±ô√≤ó. ∞ε≥ ∩⌡ε ß∩ⁿ ∩°∩∞Ä ß±ñ ûôñ≈ô ûñ Ñûô⌠ á∩√Θ· ó⌡≥ Üôñ■ ⌐ó ±ñó■ ÆÑ ±Γô⌡√· ±»∩ûⁿ ñÆ ùñº√ó ±Γô⌡√· φΘÿÄ Æ√⌠ ±⌡¡⌡π ñÆ ÆÑ ß∩ⁿ ûùñ¿Å ºôö≡ φΘÿÄ á⌡¬Å ≤óÆñ≥ ÆÑ Æ⌡ º÷Æ≡ ∞≤≥ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≈≥ ÆÑ ÿ⌡ ûùñº≥ ±Γô⌡√· φΘÿÄ: £ñÆ á⌡¬Å ≤óÆñ■ ÆÑ ±ñó■ º÷Æ≡ ∞≤ⁿ ∞· ù√ô±ûñ óñ ûôñ∙Æ¬Å φΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ: ß∩ⁿ ≤ºûÿÄ û· ±⌠ ûºô⌠ ≈ôñ⌡⌠ ≤ºûÿÄ û· ±⌡ºⁿ ÆºÿÄ ÜÑ Æ√≤∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ ±⌠ ù√ô±ûñ■ ≤√ºÿÄ ⌡ ß±ñ ±⌐∞εÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ ûô Æ⌡ óñ ±√ô⌠ ±ⁿ≤°ôó ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· áûñ ⌐°ôóÿÄ ±⌡∩ⁿ)π( û· ±Γô⌡√· ñº√ó φΘÿÄ: ΘΩ· ⌡ ß∩≥ ±ñó.  ][
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 ║█     ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· £√ºÿÄî     █╨
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≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· φñÆ≤û°ô ⌡ ≤Θ√¿Å ß∩⌡■ì ∞· û· ₧δ "ûñÆóñ Ωñæ⌠" ≤ô≥ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄì ±≤ÿáûⁿ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ "á»û·≈ô"ì "≤ô±·≈ô" ⌡ "₧∞±ÿ°ô■" ºñÆºñ ù≤ó Æ±ô≥ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æû√»ô∩ûÄ"π". ô

º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿì ±÷∩ΘÄ ßô∩√±ΩóÆñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì ûô ú⌡δ ºñ⌐ôñ á⌡óì Æ√⌠ ≤ô≥ ñÆ ∞· û· ±Γ≤ô■ "⌐√⌡∙ æ⌐∞ôñ ûεσÿÄ" ÆºÿÄ ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ûñφÑ√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ╜
φñ£· Æ±√ñ û√ô⌠ "π" á»û·≈ô■ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ Æ≤⌐ôò ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≤ô±·≈ô■ ûº√ôñ û· ⌡√ª∙ óñ Ñ±ô⌠ áεΘÿÄ ±ñΩ⌡≥ ≤±⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ºá≤ô⌠ ₧∞±ÿÄæ±√Ñ ∞Ö√ñ■ ÆÑ æ⌠ Æ±ô≥ ûÑñφ⌡Æñ ½ôóñ φ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄì Æ±ô º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·ì ÿ≤°ô 142 á»û·ì 97 ≤ô±· ⌡ 084 ∞∩±· ∞⌡ÿô∙ ⌡ æ±⌡Ñ≤ó∙ ñÆ φñóæ⌡ñ■ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ûá¬Å Æ⌡≡ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì φÑ√ó∙Æ■ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ á»û·≈ô■ Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ "π" ⌡ Θñ±ô⌠≈ô■ Æ⌡ ⌡ ºá≤ô⌠ ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó■ ∞· óñ ±Üô∩¿Å σ√ñ ß±⌡±ⁿ ⌡ √ô óñ Ü≤φ°ô■ û≤ô≥ ⌡ √ô óñ ù√¬Å æ±ó≈ô■ Æ√ô≥ Æ≤⌐ôò Θñ±⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. J
ûá¬Å ó⌡≥ û· ±≤ÿáûÄ ≤ô±·≈ô■ Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ "π" Æáÿ½ô¼Å óÆñó ∞· û· ó⌐±≤ô⌠ ⌡ √ô Θñ±ô≤φÑÆñÆ⌠ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ óñ ⌐°ñ≈ô Æñºô≡ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ≈≥£≤√⌠ ß°ó≤ô±·≈ô■ æ⌠ Æ±ô≥ "π" û· ∞ôñ φÑÆñÆ⌠ á⌡ó ⌡ ≤√Ñ ⌡½√ÿ°ô■ Æ√⌐ô⌠ û· ∞ºô⌠ ⌡ √ôñÆ≤¬Åì óñ Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ ûá¬Å º⌡≥ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·ì φÑ√ó∙ ºá≤ô⌠ Ω½ôñ ₧∞±ÿÄ æ±√Ñ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ "π" ⌡ ù≤ó≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ. b
⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ óñ ±ô∙ ñÜûÄ ÆÑ ºô≡ 004 ≈Üñ■ Ω±ñ■ ⌡ óñ Æ⌡Æáñ ß±ñ á⌡√¬Å û· ùô√ô⌠ ûñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 



  
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THelpTopic
ä ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ±ô≤óφôñ■ ⌡ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨



Æφñ £· "Θñ≈≤φÄ" φñÆ≤û°ôÿñ√⌠ ±√ñÆÖⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· æó±ⁿ ûñÜô■ ±ⁿφúÆñóì ⌡∩ⁿ £≤ô≤∞· ±ⁿóÆ≤√≥ì Æσ∩ûÄ ùó√ó∙≈ô■ Θñ≈≤φⁿ û⌐ñ■ì Üô⌡óÆ⌠ ⌡ Æûó■ ≤√ºÿ≤ó ⌡ ûⁿæ≤∞· û· ±Ü±⌡ß· Æ≤ºô≤√ÿÄì ù√⌡≤ó á⌡ñó∙ ûô⌐≤óì ÿ≤°ô û· ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ±∩ÿÄ≈ô Æáÿ½ô¼Å óÆñ≤ó. £ñÆ ∞· Æ√⌠ æÖôñ Θñ≈≤φⁿì óñ ≤ÿ√Ü· ß⌡Æ±≡ ±₧ó⌡ó ⌡ ±⌐á¼Å ùó√óæ±ó∙ì ⌡ ≤±ô√ô≤φñ ≤√ôÑ≈ô■ Θ∞ñ■ ⌡ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ áô½ⁿ û⌡ó∙Æ≤ó. ÆÑ Æ√≤ñ⌡ ₧√ôÿÄ ⌡ ≤√Ñ ÆñÑ¬Å Æ√⌠ æÖôñì û· ≈±ñÆ∙ ß⌡Æ±≡ ùó√ó æ⌡ñ≤ó∙ æ⌠ì óñφú⌐ÿÄ Æ√ô≥ ÆÑ û√⌠ ±ⁿñ⌡ó ⌡ û· óºÿÄ ΘñÆ±⌡⌐ⁿ ºùñó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ óñ ≤ÿ√Ü· Ωôû∩√ÿÄ ÿ⌡ºΓ· ⌡ φºÿñ¬Å ÆÑ ±₧√»ⁿ ûºÿ· û· Θ¡ô√ⁿ φºÿñó∙ ñÆ ≤á⌡Æ≈ó óÆ⌐ÿÄ. Q
óñ ∞≤ôñ Æ√⌠ φ⌡≤· ±√ñÆÖ°ôì ≈ñ ±∩ÿÄ ⌡ Æ±ÿⁿ ñÆ æÖôñ■ ÆÑ ÿ±ó⌠ ⌡ Θñ≈≤φÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ≈ñ £≤ó φú⌐ÿÄ Ñ±ô⌠ ÆÑ ÿôÑφⁿ ⌡ »ñÆ⌡ÿÄ æ⌠ ≤±ⁿ∞ô≈óì ⌡∩ⁿ Æ√⌠ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ ≤√Ñ ÆÑ º⌡■ ó√φñ■ ±₧ó⌡ó ÆºÿÄì û· Æ√⌠ ±Γ≤ô ∞· ÿ≤°ô ûñÆ■ ≈±ô⌠ ±∩ÿÄ ⌡ Æ±ÿÄ Æûó■ ⌡ Üô⌡óÆ≤· ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ ûó√⌠ ºûûÄ óÆ±≤· ±⌡Ü⌡ó√ÿÄ Æ√≤φ⌡≤· æÖôñ ≤√Ñ ΘñÆφ√ñ ≤á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó ⌡ ûô ±⌡Ü⌡ó√ÿÄ æ⌠ ±∩ÿÄ ⌡ Ω⌡≥ ù√⌡≤ó ±ⁿá⌡ñó. d
óñ Æ√⌠ ±√ô⌠ì Æ±ôì æÖôñ Θñ≈≤φⁿ ûº√ôñ ≤ôóñ■ ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñó ∞· û· ≈±· Æ≤ºô≤°ô ⌡ û· ºñÆºñ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ÿΓ∩δ óÆ⌐ÿ· ⌡ ≈√¥φ⌡≤· ±₧ó⌡ó√ÿⁿ ñÆ ûñ ≤±ⁿÿôûó. Æ√⌠ φ⌡≤· ÆÑ ±√ñÆÖ°ô■ ùñ Æñ¢ Θñ≈≤φÄ ±ÿΓô∩ⁿ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿì óñ £ôñ£⌡ûÄ Ñ±ô⌠ ⌡ ±∞ô⌠ ≤±ⁿφ≤Üó ⌡ û· Ü°ô⌠ ûⁿ₧ó ⌡ ±ñÑ û⌐ñ■ ⌡Æûºÿ· ÆºÿÄì ⌡ óñ £⌐≥ ≈±· ÆΩ⌡Æ≥ ⌡ ±∩≡ì Üô⌡óÆ≤· ⌡ Θ≤ô ≤ôùú√ñ ÆºÿÄì £ñÆ ∞· ûô Æ±ÿⁿ ⌡√ª∙ ⌡ φñ⌡≈ⁿ áô¼Å á»ôûÄ ≤±ⁿ∞≤óì ⌐ñƒ ùñ√⌐ô≤ⁿ≈ô ⌡ û√ô⌠ óñó≈ô■ √∞Ä ±∩ÿÄ ≤√ºÿÄì û∩∞· ûô  "Æ≤ºô⌠" ≈ñ ∞· ûô⌐ó ⌡ ≈ñ Üô ∞· ù√óÆ ⌐⌡óì ºá⌠ ±ⁿφ⌡√óì ûô ÿù¬Å ≈ñ ó∩ⁿ ≈±≤⌡Æ√ⁿ ±ⁿ∞≤óì ≈ñ ÜñÆ₧ÿⁿ ñÆ ±ñ≈≥ ±ⁿ≤°óì ≈ñ óñó Üô≤º⌡Ñ■ ñÆ Æ∩ÿ√ô≥ ±ⁿûá⌐óì ≈ñ ñ⌡ƒ áºÿ·Æ■ ñÆ ½Θô ±ⁿó≈ó ⌡ ≈ñ Æ≤ó√⌐·Æ■ ñÆ û· ÿΓô∩ⁿ ΘñÆ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó. ó
Æ√≤φ⌡≤· ÆÑ ±√ñÆÖÄ Θñ≈≤φⁿ û⌐ñ -ûô ÿ±ô≥ Æ≤ó∞ⁿ óñ ≤Ñó ≈±φô⌠ ⌡ óñ ÿ±ô±ⁿ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ Üô⌡óÆ≤·ì ±á∩óì ≈±√⌐φⁿ ⌡ Æûó■ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ÆÑ Æ√⌠ óºÿÄ æÖôñ ÆºÿÄ. ∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· û· ₧δ +
"Θñ⌡ÿñ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ áô∩δ ⌡ ΘñÆÿñ ÆÑ ºá⌠ ±á∩⌡δ"  ┘
≤ô±√ó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó.ºá⌠ ÆÑ ñ±Ñ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄì ⌡ £· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ φΘÿÄî ÜÑ æ≤∞· ÑÆ√≤óφⁿ ⌡ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ≤⌐ôÿÄ φñΘÿ· ÆÑ úÆÿÄ ùô∞Ä æΘñ√≤≤ó∙ æ⌠ ûóÆ≤√≥. Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ƒ ùñ Üε≡ ⌡ Ü⌡≈ñ∙ Üô⌠ ûô ½εûÿÄ Æ±√ñ û√ô⌠ "π" ÆºÿÄ ∞· û· ⌡Æª∙ ⌡Æª∙ Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ ñ⌡ƒ ⌡ Ü⌡≈ñ∙ ±ⁿûá⌐ó ⌡ û· æ⌠ ⌐∞⌡∙ ⌡ Θ≤ô ≤ôùú√ñ■ ±ⁿó≈ó. æñ■ì ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì óÆöñ┤Æ∩±ΓôñΘⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ æ⌠ ßΩ≡ ⌡ Æ₧ºô¿Å ⌡ ßô»Θ· ⌡ ÿΘ∞ñì û· √∞ó√φñ ù√⌡≤ó ±ⁿá⌡ñó ⌡ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ñÆ û· ≈±ñÆ∙ á⌡ó û· ⌐φΘÿÄ Æ≤φ√Ñÿñ√⌠ ±√óÆ≤°ô■ ₧±ôº· ⌡ ₧∞±ÿÄ ⌡ ß⌐δ ⌡ ⌐≤ôáÿÄì ñ≈≤±⌡⌠ ±√⌐⌡ó. ±óÆñ ºá⌠ óñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ûñÆóñ Ωñæ⌠ì æÑÆóφⁿì ßóÆ∩ÿÄì ß∩≥ ⌡ Æ≤ó√⌐·ì Æ√±ô⌠ ⌡ ÿΩ⌡■ ⌡ ½∩ƒ ⌡ ½óÆΩÿÄ ⌡ óñ ∞≤ôñ æ⌠ ±ûôñÑ∙ ûⁿÆ±ô⌠ ⌡ ûⁿùô√ô⌠ ûô ΘΩñì û√óÆóì α∩≥ì û≤óφⁿì Ü°≡ì Ü≤φÄ ⌡ ≈ñÑφⁿ ⌡ ≤ôùô∞ⁿ ÆºÿÄ. ±ûôñÑ∙Æ■ óñ ±º√ñ ùó√ó æ⌡ñó⌠ Ü°ô≤ⁿ ûñÿñ ûñÆ■ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ ûñÿñ. ∙
ÆÑ Æ√≤ñ⌡ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ∞ÿôûⁿ ÆºÿÄ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ óñ Ü°ÿÄ ÿΓô∩ⁿ Æ≤ºô⌠. ⌡ Æ√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ñ±Ñ Üô⌡óÆ≤φⁿ Æ√⌠ ±√ñÆÖÄ Θñ≈≤φⁿ Æ±ô±ÿÄ ⌡ ⌡ε√ÿÄ ∞· óñ Æ±ÿóÆó Üôñ■ Ñ±ô⌠ì ≈ñφÑ ñ≤φÄ ∞°≤φⁿ ⌡ Θñº⌡óφⁿ û· á⌡ó ≤á⌡Æ≈ó ó√ó. ºá⌠ ÆÑ Θ≤ô ≤ôùú√ñ■ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ÆÑ Ω∩≥ ⌐√í ±₧±ó ßûó∙ì ±Θÿⁿ ù√⌐√⌠ ó√ôñ ±½ñ ∞· ÆÑ ßô∩±ô⌠ Æ≈≡ º≤ÿÄ ⌡ Ü±ôßÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ ⌐ôñ₧ô⌠ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ Æûó■ ÆºÿÄ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤√≥ì ⌡■ óñ ±Ωó±· ⌐ñ₧¬Å ûñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "... ≈≤φô≥ á⌡Æ≤ó⌠ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì £⌡⌠ ÆÑ ßûôñÿⁿ û· ßûôñÿÄ ó√φñ ±ⁿùñóÆáÿ≥ì ±ⁿó√ó≥ ∞· Ü⌡ε≤φô∙ Æ≤ó√⌐· ⌡ ùñó∙≈ô■ ºá⌠ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ó√óφô∙ û½√ñÿÄ ß⌡«Å ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. φô∙ á⌡ó ñÆ óñ Ü°ô≤ⁿ ÆÑ ±Γô≤ⁿ û∩≤ó ±ⁿ√ôΘÿ≥ ∞· óñ ù⌡⌐⌐ⁿ ÆÑ Ñ√⌡ñ ∩Θα°ô■ ñá⌐ô⌠ ⌡ ßûôñÿ°ô■ ÿôû≤ô∞Äì û· Ñ√ôñÿÄ Üô≤°ô■ ùô∞Ä ±ⁿæ√ó ⌡ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ó∩°ô■ ñ⌡⌐⌠ û· »⌡ÆΘÄ ±ⁿÆ√ºÿó...ì φô∙ ±ⁿ√ôΘÿ≥ ∞· ßΩ∩ⁿ ±⌐Γ⌐Σ ⌡ ≤⌡ñÆ≤ⁿ ∞· ≈√¥ ⌐ûô≈ÿⁿ û· ÆÜºô≥ ±ôó■ ≤±ⁿñºô≤óì ÆÑ ßô∩≥ ñΘ√Σ Æ∩⌡≈√ÿÄ ÜóÆ φ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ⌡ û· ñ⌡ƒ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ Æÿ½ô≡ √ôΘÿ·ì Æ⌡ ñÆ ÆÑ ùñó∙≈ô■ ÿ⌡ óñ ÿ⌡■ »û√ΓÿÄ û√ñ⌡⌠ æ⌡ñó∙ ÿô ºñÆùñó∙ ±∩∞⌡ÿÄ ñΘΓÿÄ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄì φô∙ Ü±∩·≈ô ⌡ ßûôñÿ°ôì £≤ô⌠ ±ⁿ≤±⌡ó ∞· φ⌡√ⁿ ûô £°ñ∙≈ô■ ßû⌡¿Å ⌡ óñ≈≥ ñ√áÿ· ⌡ ó≤óÆ≤°ô■ ûñ √∞ó√φñ Θ⌐ñó∙ ⌡ £≤φô≡ ßΩôûô⌠ì æ±ôó∙ ₧±∩· ñ⌡ûñ⌡ ≈ºÿ≥ì ⌡ φô∙ á»√ûⁿ ñÆ ±ⁿó√ó≥ ∞· ⌡Æ∩√ô⌠ Æ±ÿÄ ñÆ ±áô»ûÄ ºôáÿ· ⌡ ñÆ∙ ½⌡ÆûÄ ⌡ á»ô ñÆ û· Æ√⌐ô⌠ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ô≤ó ⌡ óΩôöδ º√ôºÿÄ ñÆ û· æ≤ô⌠ ±ⁿæ±⌡Ñó ⌡ ÆÑ ù√±⌡ó⌠ ñÆ≈ⁿ ∞· û· ⌡ñ»· φ±ñÆ≈ⁿ ùô√ô⌠ ±ⁿ√ôûóì ûñ ₧úñ ±ⁿóÆñó" ]±Ωó±· ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌐√í ±₧±ó ßûó∙[. U
ûôñ■ì £≤√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±√ñ û√ô⌠ "π"ì φΘÿôñ■ Θñ⌡ÿñ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ áô∩δ ⌡ ΘñÆÿñ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ ±á∩⌡δ. 




     
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THelpTopico ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞√ºÿÄî    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨
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óñ Æ√≤∞· φñóæ⌡ñ≤ó∙ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ûô√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óÆ≤ºÿÄì Æ±ñ⌡Ñ∙ Üô■ ÿñó√ó ≤√ºÿÄì Æ±ô ±óÿ°ô ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌡ΘôÿÄ ⌡■ì αô≈ñÆ ûñÆ■ Æ⌡∩√⌠ ûôñ Æû⌠ á∩∞ô⌠ "≥186" óñ ∞ÿôûÄ á⌡ó "⌡Θ√ôÿÄ Æ╕ß√ô⌠ ⌡ ╛û≤ôò ╛û≤ôò Æ∩Ñ±ô⌠" ûúñ ÿ⌐∞√∞Ä óñûôñ∙ ±÷∩ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ùô⌐√ó. ╠
⌡■ óñ ¡±⌠ ⌐ñƒ ₧ô≡ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ûñÆóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "⌡ óñ ±⌡ñó ∞ÿôûÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞· φñóæ⌡ñ■ ⌐ó∙ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æû√»ô∩ûÄ ÆºÿÄ ÆáÿεΘÄ ⌐ó∙ ∞· æ√ô º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ φñóæ⌡ñ≤ó∙ æ⌠ ÆºÿÄ √ô ûñÆóñ¬Å º√ó ñ¡ⁿî ⌡ ₧ÿⁿ φΘÿ· ⌐ó∙ ∞· Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æû√»ô∩ûÄ ≤√ºÿÄ û∩∞· æ⌠ ∞¿Å ∞· Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ñÆ φñóæ⌡ñó∙ì æ⌠ ñÆ û· ß∩ⁿ "π" ≤ºûÿÄ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ áóÆ■ óÆ≤ôÿñ ÆºÿÄ." ]⌡Θ√ôÿÄ Æεß√ô⌠  /¢ 3/ ¼Å 3[. ≈ñ £≤ó ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌡■ì ∞ºô⌠ ó√φñ■ £⌡⌠ ½εƒ Æ∩ó√⌠ ½Θó■ óñ "Æ∩⌡ÆΘⁿ ûô∩⌡Θ√ôÿÄ"  ]¢ 2/ ¼Å 573[ì √ôΘΓⁿ óñ "±ñÆ┤ Æ∩Ü≤ô⌠" ]¢ 3/ ¼Å 55[ì ú≈ûⁿ óñ "±√ÑÆ⌠ ÆεßÿóÆ≡" ]¢ 1/ ¼Å 101[ì Æû⌠ ₧Üñ óñ "∩ºô⌠ Æ∩±√ÑÆ⌠ ]¢ 4/ ¼Å 322[ ⌡ ùôñ∙Æ■ ó√φñ ÆÑ ±₧óÖô⌠ ⌡ ⌐ñƒ ₧ô≡ ≤⌡√ºô⌠ì û· ÿûΣ Æû⌠ á∩∞ô⌠ì Æ√⌠ ⌐û°· ûⁿùô√· ñÆ »ñƒ ∞ñó∙Æ≤óì Æ±ô ≈√¥ √∞Äì ó∩√≡ ±₧∞±ⁿ ûñÆ■ Æóßô■ á⌡ó ÆñÆö· ≤±ⁿ∞≤≤ó. *
ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ ùôºí≈ô■ ûº√ôñ■ ∞· û· Æ√⌠ ⌐û°· σñ«Å æ±√Ñ óÆó∙ ⌐ó∙ì óñ Æ√≤Üô û· Æ√⌠ ùôºí Æ⌐ôñ∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√≥ ∞· º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿì óñ ûñáⁿ ÆÑ ∞ÿûÄ á⌡ó ∞· óñ Æ≤ÿºôûÄ æ⌠ ∞ÿôû°ô û· ⌡■ ≈√¥ ÆáÿεΘⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ ÆÑ Ü±∩· óñ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Æ∩≤û⌡√·" ]½Θ₧ôÿÄ 04/ 06/ 251/ 981/ 582/[ ⌡ ∞ÿôûÄ "₧Ωôöδ Æ∩ÿô⌡√≡" ]¼Å 761[ û· Æ√⌠ ≤∞ÿ· ÿ½ñ√ƒ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ∞· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ φñóæ⌡ñ■ Æ⌡ºÿÄ. ≈≥£≤√⌠ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤√Ñ óñ ó⌡ ±⌡ñóì √∞ⁿ óñ ±Ωó±· ⌡ ó⌡ ó√φñ óñ ú√≡ á»û· 12ì º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ∞ÿôûÄ "á½ôö¼Å Æεö±·" á⌡ó Æ⌐ôñ∙ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤Üô ∞· Æ≤ÿºôûÄ "á½ôö¼Å Æεö±·" û· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ±₧≡ ÿñó√ó ≤√ºÿÄì ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ óñ√ôΘÿÄ ∞· φñóæ⌡ñ≤ó∙ 
⌡ Üô±Σ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ≈±√⌠ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ÆºÿÄ. Æû⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩₧ó√óì ⌐ôñƒ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ≤√Ñ óñ Æ√⌠ Ñ±√≤· ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ≈⌡Æùñºÿô⌠ ±ⁿφ⌡√≤óì ûá¬Å ßα√±ⁿ ÆÑ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ óºÿ·Æ■ ÆÑ ºá≤⌡ñÆ⌠ ⌐√Γⁿ ºôáÿ· ⌡ ùñóÆáÿ·Æ≤ó ⌡ £· ûºô Ωº±ÿ°ô√ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ û· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ó√φñÆ⌠ ≤ºûÿÄ óÆó∙Æ≤óì Æ±ô Æ√≤ô⌠ ∞ºô≤ⁿ ≈ºÿ≤ó ∞· ùñó∙ ß½û√ÿÄì £⌐±ô≤⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ∞⌡ñ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ Æ√≤ñ⌡ ÆÑ ñÆ∙ ±ºÿΩ√≥ ⌡ æ⌐∞ôñ ₧δ ±≤₧ñΘÄ φ⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó. ûñÆ■ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ⌐ó⌠ ≤ôóñºÿⁿ Æ√⌠ ù≤óÆñì û· Æáÿ½ôñ ûô√ó φΘÿÄ ∞· ºôáÿφⁿ û⌡ó⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ ó⌡ ₧ô≡ áôñ¢ ≤√ºÿÄì √ô ≈±· æ⌠ ÆÑ ó√φñÆ⌠ ÆºÿÄ √ô ûá⌐ⁿ ÆÑ æ⌠. Æ±ô ººÿⁿ ⌡ û»ε⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ Æ⌡≡ û· ⌡¡⌡ƒ æ⌐∞ôñ ÆºÿÄì Ñ√ñÆ ∞· ½₧ÿÄ Æº≤ôó ûΓ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Ωº±ÿ°ô■ æ⌠ û· ß∩ⁿ "π" û· ÿ⌡Æÿñ ÖôûÿÄ ⌐ó∙ì ⌡ ≈±· √ô Æσ∩ûÄ ±₧óÖô⌠ ⌡ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ±⌡ñáô⌠ì Ωº±ÿ°ô■ Ñ√ôó■ ÆÑ æ≤ñÆ ≤Ω≡ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ £⌡⌠ ⌐√Γ· ≤û⌡ó∙Æ≤óì ∞ºⁿ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó ≤Ω≡ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ û· σñ¡ⁿ ₧±≡ ∞≤ó. l
½⌡ñÿÄ ó⌡≥ ≤√Ñì ≈±ô⌠ ±Γ≤ⁿ ñÆ ÿôö√ó ±ⁿ∞≤óì £⌡⌠ ∞ºⁿ ∞· û· æö√⌠ ºá⌠ ⌡ á»ôû· æ⌐≤ô ⌡ ±ô≤⌡¿Åì ûô⌐ó ⌡ ÆÑ ß∩≥ û√ô⌠ »ñΘⁿ ûñ ûºÿ· ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ Ñ±√≤· ÆÑ ú⌡Ωⁿ ºô∩≥ ⌡ ±ÜñûÄ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ûô⌐óì ûⁿÿñó√ó ºá⌠ ñ∞√∞Ä ⌡ Θ½√ƒ ⌡ ÆΘ½ƒ ⌡ ∞ε≥ Æ½√≡ ⌡ ≤⌡æ±ó∙ ⌡ Üó√ó ñÆ ÆÑ ≈±ó√φñ ûôÑ ±ⁿ⌐≤ôºó... ⌡ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· û· ÿô±≡ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ±ⁿÆ≤ó√⌐óì ≈±· æ⌠ ñÆ æûÄ Ñε∩ⁿ ÆÑ √∞Ä ºñ£⌐±·ì ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ÆÑ √∞Ä ñ⌡ƒ ⌡ Ü⌡≈ñ ⌡ óÆñÆ■ Æº∩⌡ûⁿ ⌡Æ₧ó ±ⁿ√ôûó... ≈±ô≤≤ó Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥ ∞· ÆûÿóÆ■ æ⌠ £⌡⌠ Æ⌡Æº»¬Å ⌡ Æ⌡Æº» æ⌠ û· ±ô≤≤ó Æ⌡Æáñ¬Å ±ⁿûô⌐óì ⌡ ₧ô≡ æ≤∞·ì Æφñ "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" óñ ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ Ωº±ÿ°ô■ á⌡óì ÜΓ≡ ⌡ ⌡¡Σ ±ⁿóÆ⌐ÿÄì £≤√⌠ ºû∞Ä √∞ºô≤ⁿ óñ æ⌠ ±⌐ô≈ó∙ ≤±ⁿ⌐ó. ]⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· /01/721-921[. 	



    
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 ║█    ≤φô≈ⁿ û· ±Ωó±· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·    █╨
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⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óñ Æ√⌠ ±Ωó±· ûô Æ⌐ôñ∙ û· ÿô∩√ΘÄ ∞ÿôûÄ "á½ôö¼Å Æεö±·" ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ φ∩£√≤ⁿ ÆÑ φ∩ºÿô⌠ Æáûôñ ⌡ óñÜⁿ ÆÑ φ⌡≈ñ≈ô■ φΘÿôñ Æö±· Æ≈≡ û√ÿÄ ß∩√°≥ Æ∩ºε≥ ÆºÿÄ ±√φ⌡√ó: 
"... ù¿Å ÆÑ ÿô∩√ΘÄ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì ÿ≤ⁿ £≤ó ÆÑ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ ⌡ ûñÆóñÆ⌠ ÆÑ ó√ó⌠ æ⌠ ±Γ≤√°ô■ Ñ√ûô ⌡ Æº∩⌡ûÄ ûó√Σ ⌡ ó∩ñûô ∩úÿÄ ûñó≤ó ⌡ óñ ⌐φΘÿÄ ⌐ó≤ó ⌡ á⌡Æºÿ≤ó ÿô ∞ÿôûⁿ ûùñóÆÑ≥ ⌡ φÑ√ó∙ ºá≤ô⌠ ±⌡∩ⁿ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ "π" ñÆ óñ æ⌠ ΘñÆ≈≥ ºôÑ≥. φΘÿôñ≈ô√ⁿ ÆÑ ≈±· Θ≤⌡⌠ ⌡ ±Ü±⌡ß·Æ■ ÆÑ ≈±·φ⌡⌠: ÆÑ æóÆûÄ ⌡ ù≤óì √ô ≤ô±· √ô á»û·≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ⌡ û∩≤óì ∞· ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿ≤ó £≤√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì »ñÆÑ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó ⌡ ù√ñÆ√· ûεσÿÄì ßñû√ÿÄ ñÆ û°ô ΘÑÆ√ó ⌡ ó√⌠ ⌡ ó≤√ô ñÆ û· ∞ôñ æ√ó ∞· ûεσÿⁿ £≤√⌠ì ≤· óñ φΘÿôñ■ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≤· √∞Üô óñ ∞ÿôûⁿì Ñ√ñÆ Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ "π" ºñ£⌐±· Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ æû⌐á⌡ñ ûεσÿÄ..." ≥
⌡■ æ≤φô∙ û· ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ÆßÜôûÄÆ≤φ√Ñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ Æ⌐ôñ∙ ûñó∙ ⌡ ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: "⌡ ÆÑ Θ¡√∩ÿ°ô■ ⌐φΘÿÄæ⌡ñ ∞· ß∩ⁿ "π" ûóÆ⌠ ±±ÿôÑ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ æ⌠ ûⁿÆ≤ûôÑì Æ√⌠ ∞· Æφñ ∞ºⁿ óñ φΘÿôñ Æ⌡ ∞· óñ ùôñºô√ⁿ ⌡ ±⌡ßαÿÄ ⌡ ûôÑóÆ⌐ÿ⌠ ÆÑ ó≤√ô ⌡ ùñóÆáÿ⌠ û· æáñÿÄ ÆºÿÄì û≤φñó ⌡ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤∞ÿ· σΘ∩ÿÄ ⌡ñÑó ∞· Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ì φΘÿ· ⌐á½√ÿⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ½ô₧ûÄ Ωóñ ⌡Æε ⌡ Θñ±ô⌠ ñ⌡ÆºÿÄ ⌡ φñó≤°ô óñ »ôßÿ¬Å á≥ ⌡ ₧∞±¬Å ûñ ≈±· ±º∩≥ ÆºÿÄì Üô■ ≈√¥ ÿñó√ó■ ûñÆ■ ⌡■ ûôΩⁿ ≤±ⁿ±ô≤ó ∞· Æ√⌠ ΘΩñÆÿÄì ºá≤ô⌠ ÑÆ≈ó■ φ⌡⌐·≤⌐√⌠ ⌡ ßôûó■ á∩⌡ÿÄ φÑ√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ φ⌡⌐· áô≤·Æ■ û· ßÑ∩ÿÄ ≤⌐ºÿ· √ô óñ ó≡ ∞⌡≈ⁿ áÑ√ó∙ ∞· ÜÑ ≤Θ¿Å á⌡ó æ⌡ÆÑ■ ≤⌐≤⌡ó ⌡ ÜÑ ÜÖ· á⌡√¬Å ∞ºⁿ ñÆ ≤û√≤óì ⌡ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ≈ñφÑ ≤±ⁿùú√ñó ∞· Æ√⌠ ßûôñÿ°ô φΘÿ· ñÑ≥æ⌡ñ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ûô ÿ√Φ æ±√áÿ· óñ ±√óÆ⌠ ±ⁿºÿ√Ñó ⌡ ûô ó∩√ñÆ⌠ óñ ±ⁿæ⌡√Ñó ⌡ ÆÑ ∞ôñÑÆñ ûôÑ ±ⁿφñóó óñ ₧ô∩√∞· ÆÑ ⌐±⌐√ñ ⌡■ á⌡⌠ ñ⌡Æ⌠ ÆºÿÄ. Σ
ûô Æ√⌠ ≈±· óñ £≤√⌠ ₧ô≡ì Æ⌡ ù√⌐⌡Æ■ ÆÑ ó≤√ô φú⌐ÿφô⌠ ⌡ Ωó⌡∙ Æ⌡∩√ôò ⌡ φÑ√óφô⌠ ÆºÿÄ. Æ√⌠ Θ¡√∩ÿ°ô■ ÆßÜôûÄ Æ≤φ√Ñ ⌡ Æ√⌠ á½⌡½√ÿ°ô■ ∩»ΘÄæ±√Ñì ÿ≤°ô óñ Æ⌡ºÿÄì ∞· ½Θÿ°ô■ ¡ó √∞ó√φñ ñÆ óñ á⌡ó ΘñÆ≈≥ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ≤ôºôÑ⌡Æñ≈ô ñÆ ûô ≈≥ ºôÑ⌡Æñ■ ±ⁿó≈ó". Ö
⌐ñƒ ⌡ ÿΘ½√≡ Æ√⌠ ±Ωó±· óñ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ û°¢ Æ∩½ûôσ·ì ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ±₧Ωδ ΘΩ√·ì ßε±· ±₧±ó ÿΩⁿ ⌐⌡⌐ÿñ■ "Ωó¿Å ºñ∙" û· á⌡ûⁿ ⌡ Ñ√ûô√ⁿ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ]û°¢ Æ∩½ûôσ· /1 /34-821[. 




     
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φñ£· ±Ü±⌡ß· φñÆ≤û°ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ Ü°ôÿÄ φ⌡≤·φ⌡⌠ì ûñÿñ√⌠ ∞ÿôûⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ ß∩ⁿ "π" ñÆ φñóæ⌡ñó∙ ÆºÿÄì ⌡∩ⁿ ûô√ó Æ√⌠ ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ ñÆ ≤√Ñ ±ó ≤αñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì ≤áºÿ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· óñ Æ√⌠ Ñ±√≤· ≤√ºÿÄì ≈±£≤ô≤∞· æáñ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ≤√Ñ ≤û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ Ñ±ô⌠ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ "π" ∞ºô≤ⁿ û⌡ó∙Æ≤ó ∞· á»ôû·≈ô■ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ñÆ ÖûÿÄ ≤±⌡ó∙ ⌡ óñ ±Ü±⌡ß·≈ô√ⁿ φñó æ⌡ñó∙Æ≤ó. ÿΓóÆó■ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·≈ô ÿô Ñ±ô⌠ ⌐√í Æû⌡ ÜΓΘñ »⌡ºⁿ "Ωó∙" ⌡ ±Γô½ñ ⌡■ Æû⌡ Æ∩Γûô¿Å ≤Üô⌐ⁿì óñ ûµóÆó ±₧Θ⌡α û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄì Æ±ô ≈≤φô≥ ⌡ñ⌡ó »µñ≡ û√∞Ä º∩Ü⌡Ωⁿ û· ûµóÆó óñ ÆÖñ Ü°ô∩ÿÄ ⌡ ÿΓ½ûÄ ⌡■ì ûô û· æÿ¬Å ∞⌐√ó∙ ⌐ó⌠ ÿΓóÆó■ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûáô≤·≈ô■ ⌐√Γ· ÆÑ û√⌠ ñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ. Θ
ûñáⁿ ÆÑ ùª⌡≈≤óφô⌠ì æ±ôñ ±÷∩Θô≤ⁿ ñÆ ∞· ù√¬Å ÆÑ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ û· Ü±Σæ⌡ñ■ á»ôû·≈ô ⌡ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ ß∩ⁿ "π" ≈±ÿÄ φ±ôñó∙Æ≤óì û· ñΩ≥ /07 ñºô≤√ó∙Æ≤ó  ]√ôó≤ô±· ∞≤φñ∙ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ±Ωô∩· φñóæ⌡ñ≤óφô⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠ Ωû≡ ÆÑ ßε±· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ /492[. 
ûñáⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: ]
1( Ñ√ó û⌠ ⌡≈ûÄ Æ∩Ü°≤ⁿ: ⌡■ ÆÑ √ôñÆ⌠ ß∩ⁿ "π" ⌡ ÆÑ ºñûôÑÆ⌠ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ óñ Ü≤φÄ ≤°ñ⌡Æ⌠ ⌡ ÆÑ ÖΩôÿÄ ⌡ óñ φú⌐ÿ· û· ºô≡ 69 ≈Üñ■ ÆºÿÄ. ∞ÿôûÄ ⌡■ û· ≤ô≥ "á»ûÄ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ ß∩ⁿ Æ∩±≤ôûñ Θⁿ Æ∩Ü±Σ ⌡ Æ╕ß√ôó ⌡ σ√ñ≈±ô" αô≈ñÆ Æ⌡∩√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·Æ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞· á»ôû·≈ô■ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ óñ æ⌠ φñóæ⌡ñ■ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ]Θ°ñºÿÄ Æ∩»⌡ºⁿ /841. ±Γô∩≥ Æ∩Γ∩±ôò /44. ÆÿΩô⌠ Æ∩±Ωô≡ /291. Æºó Æ∩µôû╡ /2 /24.[ f
2( Æû⌡ √ΓΩ⌡ûÄ Æº±ôß√≡ û⌠ ±°ñÆ⌠ û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ Æûⁿ ≤½ñ Ñ√ó Æ∩º∞⌡≤ⁿ Æ∩∞⌡Θⁿ: ⌡■ ÆÑ ÖΩôÿÄ ±₧óÖ√⌠ ⌡ ≤ôΩ≡ ñ⌡Æ√ôÿÄ ÆÑ Æ±ô≥ ñ¡ô "π" ⌡ óñ ºô∩°ô■ ù√¬Å ÆÑ 302 ≈Üñ■ ±ⁿÑ√ºÿ· ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ ±ÿΓóó■ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ∞ÿôûⁿ ≤√Ñ û· ≤ô≥ "á»ûÄ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ "π" óÆñÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ æ⌠ û· Ü±Σæ⌡ñ■ á»û·≈ô■ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ùñóÆáÿ· ÆºÿÄ ]Θ°ñºÿÄ Æ∩»⌡ºⁿ /16. ∩ºô⌠ Æ∩±√ÑÆ⌠ /1 /934. ±ΓÜ≥ Æ∩±÷∩Θ√⌠ /2 /792.[ ╪
3( Æû⌡ Æº₧ôδ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ û⌠ Æ∩₧∞≥ û⌠ α°√ñ Æ∩ΘÑÆñ■: ⌡■ ≤√Ñ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ñ⌡ÆÿÄ ⌡ ±ΘºñÆ⌠ Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥ ⌡ αô≈ñÆ óñ Æ⌡Æáñ Ωñ⌠ ó⌡≥ ≈Üñ■ ±ⁿÑ√ºÿ· ÆºÿÄ. ∞ÿôûⁿ ≤√Ñ û· ≤ô≥ "á»ûÄ ß∩ⁿ "π" ÿô∩√ΘÄ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ]Θ°ñºÿÄ Æ∩»⌡ºⁿ /11. ∩ºô⌠ Æ∩±√ÑÆ⌠ /1 /94. ±ΓÜ≥ Æ∩±÷∩Θ√⌠ /1 /52. Æ∩úñ√Γ· /7 /191.[ ù¿Å ÆÑ ÿô∩√ΘÄ "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ≤√Ñ Ü±Σ æ⌡ñ■ ⌡ ÿó⌡√⌠ á»ûÄ ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Æ±ô≥ ß∩ⁿ "π" ÿô û· Æ±ñ⌡Ñ ÆóÆ±· √ôΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ ⌡ Æ√⌠ Ñε≡ ±ΓñΘÿÄ ≈±£≤ô⌠ ÿô óÆ±≤· Æºÿ±ñÆñ æó±ⁿ Üôñ■ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó. ∞ÿôûÄ φñÆ≤û°ô■ "σññ Æ∩₧∞≥ ⌡ óññ Æ∩∞∩≥" ÿô∩√ΘÄ Æû⌡ Æ∩Θÿƒ ≤ô½ƒ Æ∩ó√⌠ ßûó Æ∩⌡Æ₧ó û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ ßûó Æ∩⌡Æ₧ó æ±ó■ì ÆÑ û°ÿñ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß·≈ô√ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· óñ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ±⌡∩ⁿ ß∩ⁿ "π" ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ]ûñÆ■ Æ»επ û√⌐ÿñ û· ñÜ⌡π ⌐⌡ó û· ±½ôóñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ Æºô≤√ó∙ì ÿô∩√ΘÄ º√ó ßûó Æ∩Ñ≈ñÆò Æ∩₧º√≤ⁿ Æ∩á»√ûÄ /1 /66-68[. 




     
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THelpTopic╥ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ±⌡ñó û₧ÖÄ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡≤ⁿ ⌡ φºÿñóφⁿ æ⌠    █╨
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±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ±⌡ñó û₧ÖÄ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ φ⌡≤·φ⌡≤ⁿ æ⌠: √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ß∩≡ ±°≥ Üôúû· ≤√ñ⌡±≤ó ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ÿ≤⌡π ±»ô∩ûÄ æ⌠ ⌡ φºÿñóφⁿ ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ±⌡ñó û₧ÖÄ óñ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ÆºÿÄ. Æºÿôó ⌐°√ó ±»°ñ■ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ á⌡√¬Å "º√ñ■ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" Æ√⌠ ±ûô₧ÖÄ ñÆ û· 41 ûá¬Å ∞∩ⁿ ûó√⌠ ⌐ñƒ ÿΩº√≥ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. &
 1( Æ∩°√ôÿÄ ⌡ ±ô⌡ñÆò Æ∩»û√Γ·
 2( º∩⌡∞Ä ⌡ ßûôóÿÄ
 3( ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ⌡ ßóÆ∩ÿÄ
 4( Æ≈≡ Æ∩û√ÿÄ ⌡ áεΘÿÄ
 5( ±⌡ßα· ⌡ ₧∞±ÿÄ
 6( ó≤√ô ⌡ ó≤√ô ùñºÿⁿ
 7( ₧±ôº· ⌡ ⌐ÜôßÿÄ
 8( ±ε₧≥ ⌡ ±µ√ûôÿÄ
 9( óßô ⌡ ±≤ôÜôÿÄ
 01( ⌐∞ô√ÿÄ ⌡ Æ≤ÿΩôó ÆÑ ±ñó≥ Ñ±ô⌠
 11( Æ½⌡≡ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ
 21( Æºε≥ ⌡ Ωñæ⌠
 31( Æáεδ ⌡ ÿ°ú√ûÄ ≤Θ¿Å
 41( ⌐á½√ÿ°ô
2⌡ √∞Ä º∩º∩· ±ûô₧ÖÄ ó√φñ ]º√ñ■ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· 1/13[ 
±₧Ωδ ΘΩ√ó ßε±· ⌐√í ±₧±ó ÿΩⁿ ⌐⌡⌐ÿñ■ì Æ±ôì óñ "û°¢ Æ∩½ûôσ·" ∞· û°ÿñ√⌠ ⌐ñƒ ±⌡¡⌡ßⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄì Æ√⌠ ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ñÆ û· ½⌡ñÿÄ ÜÑöⁿÿñ ÿô û√¬Å ÆÑ 06 ±⌡¡⌡π φºÿñ¬Å óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ ≈ñ ±⌡¡⌡πì Æû⌡ÆûÄ ±ÿΓóó■ φ⌐⌡ó∙ ⌡ ≤±⌡≤·≈ô■ æ⌠ ñÆ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· ⌐ñƒ ∞⌐√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ]û°¢ Æ∩½ûôσ· /1/62[. `
û· ≈ñ ½⌡ñÿÄ æ≤£· ±°≥ ÆºÿÄ Æ√⌠ ≤∞ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÆÑ ÆßÜôûÄ Æ≤φ√Ñÿñ√⌠ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄì ≈±√⌠ ÿ≤⌡π ù√£√ó∙ ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ ≈ñ Ñ±√≤·Æ■ì φ⌡√ⁿ Ωôö≡ ºá⌠ì ÿ±ô±ⁿ ß±ñ á⌡ó ñÆ óñ ùª⌡≈¬Å ⌡ ÿ₧Ω√δ ûñ ñ⌡■ ≈±√⌠ ±⌡¡⌡π ±⌐µ⌡≡ û⌡ó∙ ⌡ ÿá½½¬Å ±≤₧½ñÆ ≈±ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ. ûⁿó∩√≡ ≤√ºÿÄ ∞· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ "ûñÆóñ Ωñæ⌠" ≤ô±√ó∙Æ≤óì ∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· û· ºô⌠ Ωñæ⌠ì ÆÑ Üô±Γ√ÿⁿ ⌐φΘÿÄÆ≤φ√Ñ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ÆºÿÄ. 



      
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ÜóÆ ÆÑ ÿ≤⌡π ±⌡¡⌡ßôÿÄ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ó√φñ ⌡√ªφⁿ ±°≥ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ûⁿ≤α√ñ æ⌠ ÆºÿÄ. ÿ⌡╛≥ ⌐ó⌠ Æ√⌠ ó⌡ ⌡√ªφⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ºá⌠ ß∩ⁿ "π" ñÆ ÿô ₧ó ÆßÜôÑ ñΘΓÿÄ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ó
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ±Ωó±·Æ¬Å ûñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ "π"ì ºñ£⌐±· Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ æû⌐á⌡ñ ⌡ ÑÆö√ó≤φô∙ ûεσÿÄ ∩úÆ Æ⌡ºÿÄ ∞· ≤ΩôûÄ ÆÑ £°ñ∙ ºá⌠ ∞⌐√ó∙ ±√⌐⌡ó ⌡ ÆÑ Æ⌡ æö√⌠ φΘÿôñ ⌡Æ≥ φñΘÿ· ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ á»√ûô⌠ ùô■ ûñ Üô■ φô≥ Æ⌡ ±ⁿ≤°≤ó ⌡ ⌡Æßαô⌠ û∩√Φ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ Æ⌡ ∞±∞Ä ±ⁿÜ⌡√≤óì ûô Æ√⌠ ≈±· Æ⌡ ù√¬Å ÆΘÿôó ⌡ Æ√≤ô⌠ ⌡Æù¿Å áÑ√ó≤óì £·ì óñ φΘÿôñ ₧¡ñÿ¬Åì ñ≤φⁿ ÆÑ óÆ≤¬Å áóÆ ⌡ ñÆö₧·Æ■ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ ±½»Θⁿ "¼Å" ÆºÿÄ" óñ ÿΓñ√ΘÄ ûεσÿÄ æ⌡ñó∙Æ≤ó ∞·: ûεσÿÄì ±ÿ≤ôºûÄ û⌡ó⌠ ºá⌠ Θ½√ƒ ÆºÿÄ ûô ±Ωÿ¡ô■ ₧ô≡ì ûó√⌠ ±Γ≤ⁿ ∞· φ⌡√≤ó∙ ûô ñßô√ÿÄ á½⌡½√ÿ°ô■ Ñ±ô≤ⁿ ⌡ ±∞ô≤ⁿ ⌡ ⌡¡Σ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ÆÑ Ü°ôÿÄ ±áÿ∩ΘÄì ºá≤ⁿ ûφ⌡√ó ∞· ÆÑ Æáÿ½ôñ ±á≡ ⌡ ÿ»⌡√≡ áºÿ· ∞≤≤ó∙ û· ó⌡ñ ûô⌐ó ⌡ óñ ß√⌠ ₧ô≡ ₧δ ±»∩ûÄ ÆóÆ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ óñ ⌡■ ÆÖñ■ ±»∩⌡ûÄ ûñ Üô■ ≤°ó. ºá⌠ φΘÿ⌠ ûó√⌠ φ⌡≤· ≤· ∞ôñ ≈ñ ºá≤⌡ñ■ ÆºÿÄì ∞· ºô∩°ô■ ûº√ôñ óÆ≤¬Åæ±⌡Ñ■ ⌡ ±±ôñºÿÄ ûô æóÆûÄ ⌡ Θ≤⌡⌠ ºá≤óÆ≤ⁿ ñÆ ±ⁿ»∩ûóì ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· ß∩ⁿ "π" ÿ≤°ô óñ ±₧¡ñ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ óûºÿô⌠ ó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ΘΩ» ÆÑ Ωñæ⌠ ß∩≥ ⌡ óÆ≤¬Å á⌡Æ≤ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ±°≥ÿñ æ≤∞· á⌡ÆºÿÄ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ ÆÑ Æ≤⌐ôò Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ ⌡ Æ∩Ωôò Æ√⌠ ∞∩±ôÿÄ û∩√Φ ⌡ Θ½√ƒì ÆÜñÆò Ω⌡Æßó Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ⌡ ≈≤ñæ⌡ñ■ ∩Θαⁿ ≤û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ûô Æ√⌠ ≈±· óñ º»ñ º»ñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞· ±ⁿ≤φñ√≥ì ºá≤ô⌠ ₧¡ñÿ¬Å ñÆ æñÆºÿ· û· Æ≤⌡Æπ ⌡ ÆΩºô≥ Ñ√⌡ñ≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ÆÑ ÿñº≡ ⌡ ºÜΣ ⌡ Æ√ÜôÑ φñΘÿ· ÿô ÿñ½√Σ ⌡ ±⌡ÆÑ≤· ⌡ »ûôδ ⌡ ±ñÆßôÿÄ Æ∩≤α√ñì ±ⁿ√ôû√≥. 
û· ñÆºÿⁿ ∞· óÆöñ∙ ÿ½ñΘÄ Æ≤ó√⌐· ⌡ ≤√ñ⌡■ "ÿá√≡"ì óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì £≤ô⌠ φºÿñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· £⌡⌠ ±ñσⁿ û∩≤ó ùñ⌡ÆÑ óñ ≈±· æΘôδ ≈ºÿⁿ ùñ⌡ÆÑ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ óñ ºô√· ≈±√⌠ ΩóñÿÄ á√ô≡ì ß∩ⁿ "π" ÆÑ ßΩ≡ ⌡ ÿÜñû· á⌡√¬Åì ±Θô≈√±ⁿ ñÆ Üôñ■ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ∞· óÆñÆ■ Æ½ô∩ÿⁿ áô¼Å ÆºÿÄ ⌡ æ≤φô∙ óñ Ωô∩ûⁿ Ñ√ûô û· ÿ½⌡√ñ ∞⌐√ó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. ═
"ÿ⌡½√ΘÄ" ß∩ⁿ "π" ÆÑ ±Θô≈√≥ φ⌡≤·φ⌡⌠ì ÆÑ áóÆ ⌡ ≤ûⁿ "¼Å" φñΘÿ· ÿô æº±ô⌠ ⌡ Ñ±√⌠ ⌡ Æ≤ºô⌠ ⌡ ₧√⌡Æ⌠ ⌡ ÿô ≈ñ ±Θ°⌡≥ ∞⌡£∞Ä ⌡ ûÑñφÄ ó√φñ■ì æ≤£≤ô⌠ ÿôû≤ô∞Ä ⌡ Æºÿ⌡Æñ ÆºÿÄ ∞· á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ì φ⌡√ⁿ æ⌠ ±Θô≈√≥ ñÆ óñ ó≡ á⌡ó ±ⁿ√ôûó. ─
≤√ñ⌡■ "ÿ±Ö√≡" ≤√Ñ ÆÑ ûñÜºÿφ√°ô■ Æ≤ó√⌐· ±⌡∩ⁿ ß∩ⁿ "π" óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄ. ÿ±Ö√≡ óñ Ñûô⌠ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ æ⌠ Æ±ô≥ì ⌐∞≡ óñá⌐ô⌠ ⌡ Ñ√ûôöⁿ ÆÑ Ñ≤óφⁿ æó±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ºñÿôºñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· Æ√⌠ ⌡√ªφⁿ û∩≤ó æñÆºÿ· ÆºÿÄ. n
⌡ û· ≈±√⌠ ÿñÿ√ûÄì ó√φñ Ω⌡Æßó ûεσÿÄ ⌡ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ≤√Ñ óñ ÿ±ô≥ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ û· ⌐∞∩ⁿ Ñ√ûô ⌡ ±ÿΩ⌠ì á⌡ó≤±ô√ⁿ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. 	



    
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óñ √∞Ä ±Ü±⌡ß· ₧ó√Öⁿ ⌡ ÿôñ√áⁿ ±°≥ ±ô≤≤ó ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì óñ óñÜ· Æ⌡≡ ûô√ó º≤ó ⌡ ±óñ∞Ä Æáú æ⌠ ±⌐á¼Å ûô⌐ó. Æßÿûôñ ≈ñ ±Ü±⌡ß·Æ■ û· Æßÿûôñ º≤ó ⌡ ±óñ∞Ä æ⌠ ⌡Æûºÿ· ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ Æ≈±√ÿÄ æ⌠ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ σôΘ≡ û⌡ó. "
φñ£· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Ñ±ô⌠ ÿó⌡√⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· ±°≥ÿñ√⌠ ∞ÿôûáô≤·≈ô■ ÿôñ√í Æºε≥ óñ ûµóÆó ∞· ±⌐ÿ±≡ ûñ ó≈°ô ≈ÑÆñ ∞ÿôûÄ óñ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æºε±ⁿ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄì óºÿñºⁿ óÆ⌐ÿ· ⌡ ±º∩±ô ÆÑ ½₧√ƒÿñ√⌠ ±≤ôûΣ ⌡ ±óÆñ∞Ä óñ Ü±Σ æ⌡ñ■ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ∞±∞Ä Üºÿ· ÆºÿÄì ⌡∩ⁿ ±½óñ ⌡ º≤ó √∞Ä √∞Ä á»û·≈ôì ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ñÆ ú∞ñ ≤∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 
ûΓó≈ô ó√φñ ùª⌡≈⌐φñÆ⌠ óñ ùⁿ φñóæ⌡ñ■ Æ√⌠ Æº≤ôó ⌡ ±óÆñ∞Ä ñΘÿ·Æ≤ó ⌡ Üô±Γÿñ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ óñ Æ√⌠ ±⌡¡⌡π ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ "±½ôóñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ╛ºô≤√ó∙" ÿô∩√ΘÄ ±ñ₧⌡≥ º√ó ßûó Æ∩Ñ≈ñÆò Æ∩₧º√≤ⁿ Æ∩á»√ûÄ óÆ≤ºÿÄì ⌡■ óñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· £°ôñ φ⌡≤· ±óñ∞Ä Æßÿ±ôó ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ ±ÿÜô⌡Ñ ÆÑ ½ó ∞ÿôûÄ ÆÑ ∞ÿûÄ ±Γÿûñ ⌡ ±ºÿ≤ó ⌐√Γ· ⌡ º≤ⁿ ∞· ≈±· Æ√⌠ ∞ÿûÄ ù√¬Å ÆÑ ºô≡ 004 Ω±ñ■ "ÿôñ√í ùô√ô⌠ ÿô∩√ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ≤φôñ¬Å ⌐ó∙ ±óÆñ∞Ä ⌡ Æº≤ôó ±₧ÿ⌡√ôÿÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ÆºÿáñÆ¢ ≤±⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ]ûñÆ■ æ⌐≤ô√ⁿ ûô Æ√⌠ ±½ôóñ ñÜ⌡π ⌐⌡ó û· ±½ôóñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ Æºô≤√ó∙ /1/92-24[. 



 
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ÆÑ æσôÑ√⌠ Ñ±ô≤ⁿ ∞· ≤ºá·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· óñ óºÿÄ ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ±₧ΩΩô⌠ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿÄì ⌐ñƒ ≤⌡√ºⁿ ûñ æ⌠ æσôÑ ⌐ó. *
Ωó√±ⁿÿñ√⌠ ⌐ñƒ ûñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞· αô≈ñÆ Æ⌡∩√⌠ ⌐ñƒ æ⌠ ±₧º⌡ûÄ ±√⌐⌡óì∞ÿôûÄ "╛ßε≥ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÿ⌡º» ßε±· º√ó ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ≤ô½ñì ∞· ÆÑ ±Γô½ñÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±÷∩ΘÄ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄì ÿô∩√ΘÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ÆÑ ⌡■ ∞ÿôûÄ ó√φñ■ ≤√Ñ óñ ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· ≤ô≥  "Æ∩±Γôñ¢ Θⁿ ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ≤Ω≡ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.]Æß√ô⌠ Æ∩⌐√Γ· /14/762[. 1
ûñáⁿ ÆÑ ó√φñ ÆÑ ⌐ñ⌡ƒ ±°≥ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: 
 - ±≤°ô¢ Æ∩ûñÆß·: 
Θÿô∩√ΘÄ Æû⌡ Æ∩₧º⌠ ºΓ√ó û⌠ ≈û╡ Æ∩∩· ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û· Ω»ûÄ Æ∩ó√⌠ ñÆ⌡≤ó■ ∞· ÆÑ ΘΩ√°ô⌠ ⌡ ßô∩±ô⌠ ≤ô±⌡ñ ⌐√Γⁿ ⌡ ÆÑ ±⌐ô√í Æû⌠ ⌐°ñ æ⌐⌡ûÄ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ ±ÿΓóó ⌡ óñφú⌐ÿ· û· ºô≡ 735 Ω±ñ■ ⌡ ±óΘ⌡⌠ óñ ½₧⌠ ±»°ñ ₧ñ≥ ₧¡ñÿÄ ±Γ½⌡±· ºε≥ Æ∩∩· ß∩√°ô óñ Ω≥ ÆºÿÄ. 
 - ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·: 
 ÿô∩√ΘÄ ßÑ Æ∩ó√⌠ì ßûó Æ∩₧±√ó û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩₧ó√ó ±ΓÿÑ∩ⁿì ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ Æ≈≡ ÿº≤⌠ ⌡ ±ÿ⌡Θô■ 656 Ω±ñ■ ÆºÿÄ. ⌐ñƒ ⌡■ óñ 02 Ü∩ó ûô ⌡Ü⌡ó Æ≈±√ÿÄ ⌡ Æ±ÿ√ôÑÆÿÄ ûº√ôñì û· ó∩√≡ ÿΓ½ûÄ ⌡■ óñ ùôñ∙Æ■ ±⌡Æñóì ó£ôñ Æ⌐∞ô≡ ⌡ Æ⌐ÿûô∙ ÆºÿÄì óñ ß√⌠ ₧ô≡ ÆÑ º⌡ó±≤óÿñ√⌠ ⌡ û°ÿñ√⌠ ⌐ñ⌡ƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· ⌐±ôñ ±ⁿñ⌡ó. 
 - ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·: 
0≤⌡⌐ÿ· ∞±ô≡ Æ∩ó√⌠ ±√Ö≥ û⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ±√Ö≥ Æ∩û₧ñÆ≤ⁿ Θ√∩º⌡ΘÄ ±₧Ωδ ⌡ ₧∞√≥ ±ÿô∩· ⌡ ⌐ôφñó á⌡ÆÜ· ≤½√ñ Æ∩ó√⌠ »⌡ºⁿ óñ ₧∞±ÿÄ ⌡ Æºÿôó■ ⌡ óñ ΘΩ· ⌡ óñ φú⌐ÿ· û· ºô≡ 976 Ω±ñ■ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡■ º· ⌐ñƒ ∞û√ñì ±ÿ⌡º» ⌡ ½µ√ñ ûñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ≤φô⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ. ⌐ñƒ ∞û√ñ Æ⌡ì ∞ÿôûⁿ ÆºÿÄ º⌡ó±≤ó ⌡ ±⌐₧⌡⌠ ÆÑ óΩôöδ ₧∞√±ô≤· ⌡ ±»ô∩ûÄ ß±√δ ⌡ ßô∩±ô≤· ÆºÿÄ. 
 - û°¢ Æ∩½ûôσ·:
πÿô∩√ΘÄ ₧¡ñÿÄ ßε±· ⌐√í ±₧±ó ÿΩⁿ ⌐⌡⌐ÿñ■ ∞· ÆÑ ±₧ΩΩô⌠ ±Γô½ñ ⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ú⌡ Θ≤⌡⌠ ⌡ óñφú⌐ÿ· û· ºô≡ 5141 Ω±ñ■ ÆºÿÄ. ⌐ñƒ ⌡■ û· ½⌡ñÿÄ ±⌡¡⌡ßⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ £≤ô≤∞· Ωûε ≤√Ñ æ⌡ñó√≥ º⌡ó±≤óÿñ√⌠ ⌡ û°ÿñ√⌠ ⌐ñƒ ⌡ ÿΘº√ñ ±⌡¡⌡ßⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· ⌐±ôñ ±ⁿñ⌡ó. \
]ûñÆ■ æ⌐≤ôöⁿ û√⌐ÿñ ûô ⌐ñ⌡ƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ñÜ⌡π ⌐⌡ó û·: ±½ôóñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ╛ºô≤√ó∙ /1/202-452[. 



   
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 ║█    ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·    █╨
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≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· óñ ñÆºÿô■ ÆΩûô∩ⁿ ∞· óñ »⌡≡ ÿôñ√í ûóÆ⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ ùú√ñΘÿ·ì û· Ñûô≤°ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ÿñÜ±· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡∩ⁿ ÿô ∞≤⌡⌠ û· ≈√¥ Ñûô≤ⁿ û· Æ≤óÆÑ∙ Ñûô⌠ Θôñºⁿ ÿñÜ±· ≤⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. Æ√≤∞· Ωó√±ⁿÿñ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ ∞· ⌡ óñ ∞óÆ≥ º≤ó ÆºÿÄì ≈≤⌡Ñ û· »⌡ñ Ω»Σ ±⌐á¼Å ≤√ºÿÄ. C
 ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ ±ÿñÜ≥ ±Γô½ñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· óñ Æ√⌠ Ñ±√≤· ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó :
u"ûº√ôñ■ÆÑ ùª⌡≈≤óφô⌠ ûñ æ⌠ û⌡ó≤ó ∞· ≤áºÿ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· Θôñºⁿ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· óñ ºó∙ ó≈≥ ÆÑ ≈ÜñÿÄ ⌡ óñ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ½Θ⌡√ô⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ó√ñ√≤·ÿñ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ∞· ≤⌐ô⌠ æ⌠ ñÆ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌐ñƒ ⌡ ÿñÜ±· Üε≡ Æ∩ó√⌠ ₧º√⌠ û⌠ ⌐ñΘÄ Æñóû√∩ⁿ ±Γô½ñ Æº±ôß√≡ ½Θ⌡■ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ æ⌠ ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ⌐ñƒ ±ε Θÿƒ Æ∩∩· ∞ô⌐ô≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ û· ºô≡ 889 ∞· æ⌠ ñÆ "ÿ≤û√· Æ∩µôΘ∩√⌠" ≤ô±√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ" ]≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·ì ÿñÜ±· ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ /√ƒ[ ¢
û· ≈ñ ½⌡ñÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆÑ ÿñÜ±· ±ñ₧⌡≥ º√ó ß∩ⁿ ≤Ωⁿ Θ√«Å Æεºε≥ ⌡ Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ ∞· ≈ñ ó⌡ ÆÑ ±Γô½ñÆ⌠Æ≤óì û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ û°ÿñ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· √ôó ∞ñó. 



      
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THelpTopicô ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ⌐û°ôÿⁿ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ùôºí æ⌠    █╨
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ù¿Å ÆÑ æ≤∞· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÿó⌡√⌠ ⌡ ±⌡ñó ÆºÿΩûô≡ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿÄì σñ«Å ⌡ñÑÆ⌠ ∞· ≤⌡ñ ∞∩±ôÿÄ ß∩⌡■ì £⌐±ô≤⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ∞⌡ñ ±ⁿ∞ñóì ⌐û°ôÿÄ ±áÿ∩Θⁿ ñÆ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ±»ñƒ ∞ñó≤ó. ±
⌐û°· Æ≤ÿºôûÄ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ û· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ √ô ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ∞· ù√¬Å ÆÑ Æ√⌠ óñûôñ∙ æ⌠ û₧ÖÄ ⌐ó ÆÑ ≈±√⌠ ⌐û°ôÿÄ û⌡ó. ⌐û°ôÿÄ ó√φñ■ ≤√Ñ ù√ñÆ±⌡⌠ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· »ñƒ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ Ü±∩· æ≤∞· »⌡ε≤ⁿ û⌡ó⌠ ùôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ á»û·≈ô ±ô≤≤ó á»û· "Ωô½Γ·" ⌡ ≤√Ñ ûñáⁿ ÆÑ ≤ô±·≈ô ±Ö≡ "ß°ó≤ô±· ±ô∩∞Ä Æ⌐ÿñ"ì áεΘÄ ñ⌡¬Å ±ô∩⌡ΘÄ ûεσÿÄ ⌡ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ÆºÿÄ. √ô ±Öε ßûôñÆÿⁿ óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñó ∞· á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ óñ æ⌠ Æóßô■ æφô≈ⁿ ÆÑ σ√ûÄ ±ⁿû√≤óì √ô óñ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· û· Æ½₧ôûÄ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ ÿΓñ√«Å ⌡ ÿ⌡≈√⌠ ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñó ⌡ ó√φñ ⌐û°ôÿⁿ ∞· ººÿⁿ ⌡ ûⁿùô√φⁿ æ⌠ ⌡Æ¡ƒ ⌡ ±ûñ≈⌠ ÆºÿÄ ë
]ûñÆ■ Æ»επ û√⌐ÿñ ÆÑ ÿΘ½√≡Æ√⌠ ⌐û°ôÿÄ ⌡ ùôºí æ⌠ ñÜ⌡π ⌐⌡ó û·: ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ φñóæ⌡ñ≤ó∙ æ⌠ "±Ü±⌡ß· ±ΩôεÿÄ"ì ±Ωô∩· ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ ∞√ºÿÄî /622[. 



 
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 ║█    ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ ≤φô∙ ó√φñÆ⌠    █╨
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 ────] ºá⌠ ó⌡ ±º√₧ⁿ [───────────────────────────────────────────────────

óñûôñ∙ ∞ε≥ Üô⌡óÆ≤· "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ⌡ ÆßÜôÑ ⌡ áôñδ Æ∩Γôóφⁿ æ⌠  ºá⌠ ûº√ôñ φΘÿ·Æ≤ó ∞· û√ô⌠ æ≤°ô ÆÑ ₧⌡½∩· Æ√⌠ ±áÿ½ñ áôñ¢ ÆºÿÄ.  û°±√⌠ áô»ñ ûô ÆΩÿûô¿Å ÆÑ ≤⌡√º≤ó∙ Æ≤ó√⌐±≤ó ⌡ ºá⌠φºÿñ ≤⌡æ⌡ñì "Æºÿôó  ±₧±ó ñ¡ô ₧∞√±ⁿ" û· ú∞ñ ó⌡ ≤±⌡≤· ÆÑ ó⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ±º√₧ⁿ Ω≤ôßÿÄ ±ⁿ∞≤√≥:  

 ── Æ⌡≡ ºá⌠ Üñ¢ ÜñóÆδ: 
│
óñ "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ß∩ⁿì û· ≈±ô⌠ Æ≤óÆÑ∙ ∞· ûñÆ■ ßñûÄ á√ñ ⌡ ÆñÑ¬Å  ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñóì ûñÆ■ ≈±· Æ≤ºô≤°ô■ ó√φñ ≤√Ñ ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆñóì ⌡ ûñÆ■ Üô±Γ·Æ■  ∞· ÿ⌡ó∙≈ô■ û⌐ñ■ óñ æ⌠ì ûô ÿΘô≈≥ì ÿΓô⌡⌠ ⌡ Æáε¼Å Ñ≤óφⁿ ∞≤≤óì ûô  √∞Ä ûñ≤ô±· ⌡ √∞Ä ≈óΘÄì Ñ√ñÆ ∞· ½óδ ⌡ ñÆºÿⁿ ÿÜÑ√· )⌡ ÿûΓ√«Å( ùú√ñ  ≤√ºÿÄì ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ûñ≤ô±· ß±≡ û· ½óδ ⌡ ñÆºÿⁿ.  û≤ôûñÆ√⌠ì ∞ºⁿ ∞· óñ Üô±Γ·ì ßñûⁿ ñÆ ûñ σ√ñ ßñûÄ ÿñÜ√ƒ  ≤±ⁿó≈ó )±φñ óñ ½⌡ñÿⁿ ∞· ∞ñóÆñ■ º⌡ó±≤ó óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐ó ⌡ ó√φñ■  ≤óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐ó(ì á⌡ó ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· Æ≤ºô⌠ ±ÿ⌐á½ⁿ ñÆ ûñ σ√ñ ±ÿ⌐á¼Å  ÿñÜ√ƒ ≤±ⁿó≈óì ⌡ ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· û· ûñÆóñ á⌡ó £√Ñ■ ≤±ⁿûá⌐ó ∞· û·  û√φô≤·Æ■ ≤óÆó∙ ûô⌐óì ⌡ ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· ≤±ⁿφúÆñó Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ Æ≤ºô⌠ ó√φñ■ ñÆ  ÆºÿÖ±ôñ ∞≤óì ⌡ ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· ±ⁿ∞⌡⌐ó ÿô ≈±· ±ñó≥ æÑÆó ûô⌐≤ó ⌡ ±ºô⌡■ì  ⌡ ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· ÿô æ≤Üô ∞· Ñ±ô⌠ ⌡ ±∞ô⌠ û· Æ⌡ ÆÜôÑ∙ ±ⁿó≈óì ÿε¬Å  ±ⁿ∞≤ó ÿô ΘΩñ ⌡ ≤√ôÑ±≤ó■ ñÆ ÆÑ ±ñó±ô⌠ ó⌡ñ ºôÑóì ÿô ≈±· Ñ≤óφⁿ óÆ⌐ÿ·  ûô⌐≤ó ÿ⌡╛≥ ûô á⌡⌐ûáÿⁿ ⌡ æñÆ±¬Åì ⌡ ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· Ü≤φÄ ⌡ ∞⌐ÿôñ ⌡ ºÿ≥  ñÆ á⌡¬Å ≤óÆñóì ⌡ ±ñó±ô⌠ ñÆ ΘñÆ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó û· Æ±≤√ÿÄ ⌡ ½∩ƒ ⌡ ûñÆóñ■  óñ ºô√· ñ⌡¬Å ßôóε≤·Æ■ ñ⌡⌐⌠ì ÿô φñ⌡≈ⁿ ó√φñÆ⌠ ñÆ ≤á⌡ñ≤óì  ≈±⌡ ÆÑ Æ≤ºô≤°ô ±ⁿá⌡Æ≈ó ÿô û· ßóÆ∩ÿÄ ñΘÿôñ ∞≤≤ó ₧ÿⁿ ûô  £°ôñùô√ô⌠ì ûó Æ≤ºô⌠ ∞· óÆ≤· Ü⌡■ ÆÑ ó≈ô⌠ ±⌡ñ■ ≤ºÿô≤≤ó ⌡ ûñ ùñ≤ó∙Æ■  ºÿ≥ ñ⌡Æ ≤óÆñóì ⌡ ºñÆ≤Üô≥ì ≈±⌡ºÿÄ ∞· Ñ≤óφⁿ á⌡√¬Å ñÆ ⌡ΩΘÄ ÿ₧Ωδ  ûá⌐√ó⌠ û· Æ√⌠ ÆñÑ⌐°ô ±ⁿ∞≤ó ÿô ó≥ ±ñφÄ... %

 ── ⌡ Æ±ô )ÿñÜ±·( ⌐Γñ Θ÷Æó ÜñóÆδ: 
O
ß∩ⁿì ûñÆ■ ºÿ±φñÆ⌠ ÿ≤óñ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞±ñ⌐∞⌠ì ⌡ ûñÆ■ ºÿ±ó√óφô⌠  ù≤ô≈φô≈ⁿ ÆºÿÄ Æºÿ⌡Æñ.  g
ß∩ⁿì ûñÆ■ "ßóÆ∩ÿÄ" óñ ùô√óÆñ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞· Æáεδ û√±ô≤≤ó ⌡ ⌐±⌐√ñ  ⌡ Ω∩≥ - ≈±⌡Æñ∙ æ⌠ óñ ñÆ ≤φô≈ûô≤ⁿ ±ⁿ∞≤≤ó.  t
£· ∞ºⁿ û· óÆó ºñÑ±√≤°ô√ⁿ á⌡Æ≈ó ñº√ó ∞· ºÿ≥ óñ æ≤°ô û√óÆó  ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ∞ôû⌡¿Å ΘΩñ ûñ ºñ æ≤°ô ºô√·Æ■ º≤φ√⌠ ÆΘ∞≤ó∙ ÆºÿÄî  p
ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ûô "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·"Æ¬Åì "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·" ∞· ûñ≤ô±· ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ  ßó≡ ÆºÿÄì ⌡ ⌡√ñÆ≤φñ û≤ô■ Ü⌡ñ ⌡ ÿÜô⌡Ñ ≈ñ Üô ∞· ûô⌐ó.  

  ── ∞∩±ôÿⁿ ÆÑ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·   
N
Æ√⌠ ûá¬Å ÆÑ û₧Ö±ô⌠ ñÆ ûô £≤ó ΘñÆÑ ÆÑ ∞∩±ôÿÄ óññ ûôñ æ≤₧¡ñÿÄ  ûùô√ô⌠ ±ⁿûñ√≥:  -
  1- Æ√ô∞Ä ⌡ ÆεºÿöÖôñ û±ô Æ∩≤ô¿Å Θ√· ╛º⌡┤. 
IÆÑ Æ≤₧½ôñ»∩ûⁿ ⌡ ûá⌡ó Æáÿ½ô¼Å óÆó⌠ æ≤£· ≈±· ±ñó≥ óñ æ⌠  ûñÆûñ≤óì ûùñ≈√Ñ.  K
  2- Æ⌠ ∩∩⌡Æ∩ⁿ áô½╡ ⌡û»ô≤╡ Θ√°≥ ÆºÿöÖôñ ⌡ ÿ»ô⌡≡ì ⌡ Ω∩╡ ╜≤½ôΘÄ Θⁿ ±Γô±∩╡. 
ö±ºö⌡ε⌠ ñÆ ≤Ñó√∞ô⌠ ⌡ á⌡√⌐ô≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û· á⌡ó ºñ■ ⌡  φñó≤∞⌐ⁿ ⌡ óñÆÑóºÿⁿ )û· ±ô≡ ⌡ ₧Ω⌡δ ±ñó≥( ⌡ ∞±ⁿ Æ≤½ôΘÄ á⌡  φñΘÿ·Æ≤ó. )ΘñÆÑ■ ÆÑ ß°ó≤ô±· ±ô∩∞Ä Æ⌐ÿñ(  0
  3- ±≤°⌡±ô⌠ ε √⌐ûΓô⌠: »ô∩ûÄ ß∩≥ ⌡»ô∩ûÄ ó≤√ô. 
6ó⌡ φñº≤· ≈ñφÑ º√ñ ≤±ⁿ⌐⌡≤óì á⌡Æ≈ô⌠ ß∩≥ ⌡ á⌡Æ≈ô⌠ ó≤√ô.  
  4- Ω√±╡ ∞≡ Æ±ñò ±ô √₧º≤·. 
;ÆñÑ¬Å ≈ñ ∞¿Å û· £√Ñ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞· æ≤ñÆ ≤√∞Ä óÆ≤ó ⌡ ≤√∞⌡ ⌐±ôñó.  	



    
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 ║█    º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ∞√ºÿÄî    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨


 
 ]ºÿôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ÆΘδ ûµóÆó[ 
f≈≤⌡Ñ √∞Ä Ωñ⌠ ÆÑ σ√ûÿÄ á⌡ñ⌐√ó ùñ Θñ⌡τ æº±ô⌠ Æ±ô±ÿÄ ⌡ ⌡ε√ÿÄ  ₧¡ñÿÄ ±°ó■)π( ≤φú⌐ÿ· û⌡ó ∞· ºÿôñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ÆΘδ ûµóÆó óñá⌐√ó⌠ φñΘÿÄ  ⌡ ≤⌡ñ Æ±√ó■ ûñ ó≡ ßô⌐Ωô⌠ ⌡ ±≤ÿαñÆ⌠ ±½∩ƒ ∞≡ ≤⌐ºÿÄ.  Æ⌡ óñ ºô≡ 953≈Üñ■ óñ ±₧∩· ⌐√Γ· ≤⌐√⌠ ∞ñí ûµóÆóì óñ  áô≤·Æ■ ∞· ÆÑ φ∩°ô■ ß»ñ æφ√⌠ Æ√±ô⌠ ⌡ Æáε¼Å ⌡ ñ⌡⌐≤ôöⁿ ß∩≥ ⌡ ß±≡  æú√⌠ û≤ó■ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó. ó√ó∙ û· Ü°ô⌠ φ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ≤ô≥ Ñ√ûô■ "±₧±ó" ûá⌡ó  φñΘÿÄ.  í
±₧±ó ∞· ûΓó≈ô û· "⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ" ⌡ "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ" ⌐°ñÿÄ √ôΘÿÄ. ÆÑ  áô≤óÆ≤ⁿ ûñáôºÿÄ ∞· ≈±· ÆÑ ûÑñφô⌠ ó√⌠ ⌡ ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ßôûóÆ⌠ ⌡ ÑÆ≈óÆ⌠ ⌡  ùñ≈√ÑφôñÆ⌠ ∞≥ ±ô≤≤ó ñ⌡Ñφôñ û⌡ó≤ó.  



            
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THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    áô≤óÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨



 ]ÆÑ ÿûôñ ₧º√⌠[ 
fùóñ ⌡ ±ôóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈ñ ó⌡ ÆÑ ºôóÆÿÄ ß∩⌡■ ⌡ ≤⌡Æóφô⌠ ºñ⌡ñ  æÑÆóφô⌠ ₧º√⌠ û⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( û⌡ó≤ó. ≤ºûÿÄ ⌡■ ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ ùóñ ûô ù≤¢ ⌡Æº»· û·  Æ±ô≥ ≈Θÿ≥ ±ⁿñºó. ÆÑ Æ√⌠ñ⌡ φô≈ⁿ ⌐ñ√Θⁿ ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ "±⌡º⌡■"  ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤≤ó ñ¡ⁿ ñ√⌐· û· ó⌡ó±ô⌠ ₧º√⌠)π( ⌡ ≤ºûÿ¬Å ÆÑ »ñΘÄ ±ôóñ ûô  ⌐¬Å ⌡Æº»· û· Æ±ô≥ Ñ√⌠ Æ∩Γôûó√⌠)π( ±ⁿñºó ∞· Æºô±ⁿ æ≤°ô ñÆ ûñÆóñ  ÆñÜ±≤ó¬Å º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ )ß∩≥Æ∩°ó■( Æ√≤φ⌡≤· ±ΓñΘⁿ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ó:  â
"±ôóñ≥ Θô»±·ì óáÿñ Æû⌡±₧±óì ₧º√⌠ û⌠ Æ₧±ó û⌠ ₧º⌠ û⌠  ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ₧º⌠ û⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ₧º√⌠ û⌠ ß±ñ Æ⌐ñΘÄ û⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æ∩₧º√⌠  ß∩√°≥ Æ∩ºε≥( ÆºÿÄ".  Z
ù¿Å º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñ√⌐· óñ ó⌡ó±ô⌠ ùñ ûñ∞ÿÄ ß½±ÿÄ ⌡ »°ôñÿÄ óÆñó ⌡  ßô∩±ⁿ ÆÑ ÿûôñ ₧º√⌠)π( ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 


 ]Æû⌡Æ₧±ó[
ÄÆû⌡Æ₧±ó ₧º√⌠ û⌠ ±⌡ºⁿì ùóñ ó⌡ºÿôñ∙ ≈±√⌐· Θñ⌡ÑÆ⌠ æº±ô⌠  ß∩≥ ⌡ ÆóûÄì "º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ" ⌡ "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ"ì á⌡ó √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ÆΘÿáôñÆÿÄ áô≤óÆ⌠  ≤û⌡ÿÄì ⌡ Æ±ô±ÿÄ û⌡ó.  x
⌡■ ßô∩±ⁿ ΘñÑÆ≤· ⌡ ±ó√ñ■ ±óûñ ⌡ ó⌡ñÆ≤ó√¬Å û⌡ó. ⌡ óñ ÆÖñ  ±⌡ÆαûÿÄ ≤Θ¿Å ⌡ ±ñÆΩûÿÄ ñΘÿôñ ⌡ ∞ñóÆñ ÿ±ô≥ ½ΘôÿÄ ùº≤ó√ó∙ ⌡ ≤√∞⌡ ñÆ óñ  ⌡Ü⌡ó¬Å Ü±Σ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó. Æû⌡Æ₧±ó óñ ß½ñ á⌡ó û· ùô∞ⁿ ⌡ ½óÆΩÿÄì ⌡  Æáε¼Å ⌡ Æ√±ô⌠ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û⌡ó ⌡ ≈±· û· Æ⌡ Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó. ∞⌡£∞Ä ⌡  ûÑñφÄì ßô∩≥ ⌡ ßô±ⁿì ⌐ô∙ ⌡ φóÆì ÆÑ ≤αñÆÿÄ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ÆºÿΩûô≡ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ⌡  ß±⌡≥ ±ñó≥ ñ╛√¬Å ñÆ ±ô≤≤ó √∞Ä Θÿ⌡Æ ±⌡ñó ß±≡ ΩñÆñ ±ⁿóÆó≤ó.  ±
û°±√⌠ áô»ñ Æû⌡≤½ñ Θ√ñ⌡Ñì ùºñ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ó√∩±ⁿì ±⌐°⌡ñ û·  û°ôòÆ∩ó⌡∩· )ÆÑ ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ æ≡ û⌡√·( Æ⌡ ñÆ û· "Æ∩»ô≈ñ Æε⌡₧ó" )ùô∞Ä ºñ⌐ÿÄ  √φô≤·( ⌡ "ú⌡Æ∩±≤ôΩûÄ" )½ô₧ûÄ ÿ±ô≥ ½ΘôÿÄ ≤√∞⌡(ì ±∩ΩûÄ ºôáÿ· û⌡ó ⌡  ûô ÿ⌡Ü· û· º√ôºÿÄ ⌡ ∞√ôºÿÄ ⌡ ΘñÆºÿⁿ ∞· óñ ⌡Ü⌡ó Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ºñÆτ óÆ⌐ÿÄì  ±ºö⌡∩√ÿ°ô■ ±°≥ ±ñó±ⁿ ñÆ ûΓ°ó∙ Æ⌡ φúÆ⌐ÿ· û⌡ó "ÆÑ Ü±∩· ñ√ôºÿÄ ó⌡ó±ô⌠  Æû⌡»ô∩ûÄ )≤ΩôûÿÄ ß∩⌡√ô⌠( ⌡ ≤αôñÿÄ ûñ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ )ßô∩√ÿñ√⌠ ±Ωô≥ óñ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ßô∩ⁿ ∞⌐⌡ñ( ⌡ ºñùñºÿⁿ ₧Üô¢ ⌡ ÑÆöñÆ⌠ áô≤· áóÆ. Æ∩ûÿ· ûñÆ■ ÆóÆñ∙ ≈ñ ∞óÆ≥ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿ°ô■ º≤φ√⌠ì ÿ⌐∞√εÿÄ ⌡º√Σ ⌡ ±ó√ñÆ⌠ ∞ôñ ∞⌐ÿ· ⌡  ùñº≤≡ ⌡ñÑ√ó∙ Ñ√ôó■ εÑ≥ û⌡óì ⌡∩ⁿ Æ⌡ û· ÿ≤°ôöⁿ ⌡ ûô ÿ⌡∞≡ ûáóÆ ⌡ ₧º⌠  ÿóû√ñ■ ∞· óÆ⌐ÿÄ ÆÑ ß°ó∙ ÿ±ô≥ Æ√⌠ ⌡αô√ΘÄ ûá⌡ûⁿ ûñ±ⁿæ±ó. ÿô Üôöⁿ ∞·  φΘÿ·Æ≤ó: óºÿÄ û· Æ½εƒ ∞ôñ ±⌐∞∩ⁿ ≤±ⁿÑóì ±φñ Æ√≤∞· æ⌠ ñÆ û»⌡ñ  ⌐ô√ºÿ· û· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿñºô≤√ó.  ┤
φú⌐ÿ· ÆÑ Æ√⌠≈ô Æû⌡Æ₧±óì Æ±√⌠ ⌡ ±⌡ñó Æ»±√≤ô⌠ ûÑñφô⌠ ó√⌠ ⌡ ó≤√ô  û⌡ó. ⌡ ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ºΘôñ¬Å≈ô■ ±₧ñ±ô≤· û√⌠ á∩Θô■ ßûôºⁿ ⌡ ºε»√⌠ æ≡ û⌡√·  ⌡ Æ±ñÆ■ ⌐ô≥ )æ≡₧±óÆ⌠( ÿ⌡º» Æ√⌐ô⌠ ñó ⌡ ûó≡ ±ⁿ⌐ó.  

 ]±ôóñ■ ΘñÑÆ≤·[
*Θô»±· ±ôóñ ±°ñûô⌠ ⌡ ó∩º⌡Ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì Ñ≤ⁿ ùô∞óÆ±⌠ ⌡ ó√≤óÆñ û⌡ó  ∞· ßα±ÿÄ ⌡ ûÑñφⁿ ⌡ ≤ÜôûÿÄ ⌡ ⌐ñÆΘÿÄ ⌡ ₧√ô ⌡ ßΘÿÄ ñÆ ÆÑ Üó∙ ßô∩ⁿ ±Ωô≥  á⌡óì √φô≤· ûô≤⌡■ ó⌡ ßô∩≥ì Θô»±· Ñ≈ñÆ)¿Å( û· ÆñÖÄ ûñó∙ û⌡ó. ⌡ û· ù√ñ⌡■  ÆÑ ½ô∩₧ô⌠ ⌡ ⌐ûÄ Ñ≤ó∙óÆñÆ⌠ ÆΘδ û≤óφⁿ ⌡ ñÆÑ ⌡ ≤√ôÑ á⌡ó ñÆ ûô ≤⌡ñ ß∩≥ ⌡  óÆ≤¬Å ñ⌡⌐≤ôöⁿ ûá⌐√ó∙ û⌡ó.  º
±ⁿφ⌡√≤ó: ⌐√í ±Θ√ó ñ∙ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ₧∞ô≥ Æ∩≤ºôò" ñÆ ûñÆ■ Æ⌡ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ  ⌡ óñ ±Ωó±· ∞ÿôûÄ ÆÑ Æ⌡ ûΓ≤⌡Æ⌠ ûô≤⌡öⁿ ±₧ÿñ±· ⌡ Θô¡∩· √ôó ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. óñ  ±Ωó±· ∞ÿôûÄ √ôó ⌐ó∙ ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó:  
"º√ó∙ Ü∩√∩· ⌡ Θô¡∩·Æ■ ∞· áóÆ⌡≤ó ßÑÿ¬Å ñÆ ùô√óÆñ ∞≤óì û· ±⌠  Æ»επ óÆó ∞· ßεΩ±≤ó û· ÿô∩√ΘÄ ∞ÿôûⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ≈±· Æ₧∞ô≥ ⌡ÆÜû·  ûá½⌡¼Å Æ₧∞ô±ⁿ ñÆ ∞· ±á½⌡¼Å Ñ≤ô⌠ ±º∩±ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ óñ ûñ  óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐óì ⌡ ±⌠ óñá⌡ÆºÿÄ Æ⌡ ñÆì ∞· áóÆ⌡≤ó ÿ⌡Θ√Ω¬Å ó≈óì  ùú√ñΘÿ≥ ⌡ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ≤⌡⌐ÿ≥". 

 ]Θôÿƒ ±ôÑ≤óñÆ⌠[
≥áô≤⌡Æó∙ ±ôóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ∞ÿôû°ô■ ÿôñ√í û· ≤⌡Æó∙ "≤ô½ñ ∞û√ñ"  ±⌐°⌡ñ≤ó. ⌡ "≤ô½ñ ∞û√ñ" ∩ΩûÄ "₧º√⌠ û⌠ Æûⁿ ±₧±ó Æ»ñ⌡¬Å" Üó Θô»±·  ±ⁿûô⌐ó. Æ⌡ óñ Ñ±ô⌠ áεΘÿÄ ±Ωÿóñ ßûôºⁿ óñ ±ôÑ≤óñÆ⌠ Ω√ô≥ ∞ñó ⌡ ûô  ∞±∞Ä φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ ⌐√Γ√ô⌠ ≈±√⌐· óñ ù√∞ôñì ûô ºô±ô≤√ô⌠ Ü≤φ√ó ⌡ ºùô∙ ó⌡∩ÿÄ  ºô±ô≤ⁿ ñÆ ⌐∞ºÿÄ óÆó ⌡ ûεó ó√∩≥ )±ôÑ≤óñÆ⌠ ∞≤⌡≤ⁿ( ñÆ û· ÿ½ñΘÄ á⌡ó  óñæ⌡ñó ⌡ √∞Ä ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ß∩⌡■ óñ æ≤Üô ÿ⌐∞√≡ óÆó ⌡ ûô ΘóÆñ∞ôñ■ ⌡ ÆÑ  Üô⌠ φú⌐ÿφⁿì æ√√⌠ ₧√ôÿûá¬Å Æºε≥ ñÆ û· ±ñó≥ æ⌠ ºô±ô⌠ ßñ¡· ∞ñó ÿô  Æ√≤∞· û√⌐ÿñ ó√∩±√ô⌠ ∞√¬Å ±Ü⌡ºⁿ )æÿ¬Å ùñºÿⁿ( ñÆ ù⌐ÿÄ ºñ φúÆ⌐ÿ· û·  Æºε≥ φñ⌡√ó≤ó. ≤ô½ñ ∞û√ñ ßε⌡∙ ÆÑ ⌐ÜôßÿÄ ⌡ º∩₧⌐⌡ñ■ì á⌡ó ßô∩±ⁿ  ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ΘΩ√°ⁿ ªñΘÄ ≤φñ û⌡ó ⌡ ∞ÿôû°ô■ φñÆ≤Ω√±ÿⁿ û· ñ⌐ÿ· ÿ₧ñ√ñ óñ  æ⌡ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ Ü±∩· ∞ÿôûÄ "½ó ±ºö∩·" ∞· ≤⌡∙ óáÿñ√¬Åì º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ûñ  æ⌠ ⌐ñƒ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ≤ô±¬Å ñÆ "≤ô½ñ√ôÿÄ" φúÆ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ.  ╛
"≤ô½ñ ∞û√ñ óñ ºô≡ 403≈Üñ■ óñ º⌠ 97ºô∩φⁿ óñ ⌐°ñ æ±≡  »ûñºÿô⌠ û· ⌐°ôóÿÄ ñº√ó ⌡ ±ÑÆñ¬Å ≈±ô≤ÜôºÿÄ ⌡ φ≤ûó■ ±⌐°⌡ñ ûñ æ⌠ ûñùô  ÆºÿÄ" ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌡■ ₧º⌠ û⌠ Ωôº≥ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û· "óÆßⁿ ûô∩₧δ" Üô≤⌐√⌠ ⌡■  φ⌐ÿÄ.  

 ]óñ ûôτ Ñ≤óφⁿ[
öºô√· æñÆ±¬Å φºÿñ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ⌡ æσ⌡¬Å φñ≥ ⌡ ùñ ßô»Θ· Θô»±·ì  ±₧√»ⁿ ºô∩≥ ⌡ ±≤ôºûÄ ûñÆ■ ÿñû√ÿÄ ½₧√ƒ ⌡ ñ⌐ó ⌡ ºôÑ≤óφⁿ ó⌡ñÆ⌠  ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û⌡Ü⌡ó æ⌡ñó∙ û⌡ó.  π
Ñ√ñÆ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó û· ß≤⌡Æ⌠ √∞Ä ùóñ ⌡α√Θ·⌐≤ô¿Åì ÆÑ ñ⌡■ û√≤¬Å ⌡  æφô≈ⁿì á⌡ó ñÆ óñ ±Ωôû≡ æ√≤ó∙ ùñΘñÆÑ ⌡ ≤⌐√ûÄ ΘñÑ≤óÆ≤¬Å ±ºö⌡≡  ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿÄ. Æ⌡ ûá⌡ûⁿ óñ√ôΘÿ· û⌡ó ∞· Ö±ñ∙ Ñ≤óφⁿ ûºô⌠ φ∩°ô■ á⌡¬Åû⌡ ⌡  ±Γ»ñ■ ≈ºÿ≤ó ∞· ÆÑ ∩»ôΘÿÄ ⌡ αñÆΘÿÄ áô½ⁿ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ≤ó ⌡ ∞⌡£∞ÿñ√⌠  Æ⌐ÿûô∙ ⌡ √ô σΘ∩ÿÄì ûôßÖÄ ùª±ñóφⁿ ⌡ áÑÆ⌠ æ≤°ô ±ⁿφñóó.  û°±√⌠ áô»ñ ÿ°√· ⌡ ÿóÆñ∞Ä á⌡ñÆ∞Ä ⌡ ù⌡⌐ô∞Ä ⌡ ó√φñ ±ô√₧ÿô¢  ±ôó■ Ñ≤óφⁿì ∩₧α·Æ■ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ñÆ ÆÑ ≤√ôÑ≈ô■ ñ⌡₧ⁿ ⌡ á⌡Æºÿ°ô■ óñ⌡≤ⁿ  ΘñÑ≤óÆ≤¬Å σôΘ≡ ≤∞ñó. ⌡ Θô»±· ±ôóñ■ û⌡ó óÆñÆ■ ≈±· αñÆΘÿ°ô ⌡  ñ√Ñ∙ ∞ôñ√°ô■ √∞Ä "±ôóñ ⌡ÆΩΓⁿ"  Æ⌡ ±°±ÿñ√⌠ ≤Ω¬Å ÿñû√ÿⁿ ⌡ ≈≤ñ ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ±ôóñ■ ñÆ óñ ñ≈ûñ■  ∞⌡ó∞ô≤¬Å Æ√Θô ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ ≈±φô≥ ûô ñ⌐ó æ≤ô⌠ ù√¬Å ±ⁿñΘÿÄ ⌡ óñ ≈ñ ±ñ₧∩·  ùôºáφ⌡■ ≤√ôÑ≈ô■ Üº±ⁿ ⌡ ñ⌡₧ⁿ ΘñÑ≤óÆ≤¬Å û⌡ó ⌡ ⌡Ü⌡ó¬Å ±≤ûΣ  æñÆ±¬Å áô»ñ ⌡ ±α°ñ ±°ñ ⌡ ½Θô ⌡ ½±√±√ÿÄ û⌡ó.  ╟
ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ûô ÿóû√ñ Ω⌡■ ⌡ ±ó√ñ√ÿÄ ½₧√ƒì ⌡  ±ôóñ⌐ô⌠ ûô ß⌡Æ»ΘÄ ⌡ Æ₧ºôºôÿÄ ùô∞Ä ±ôóñ■ì Θ¡ô■ áô≤· ñÆ ûºô⌠  φ∩ºÿô≤ⁿ ⌐∞⌡Θ· ùñ⌡ñ óñ æ⌡ñó∙ û⌡ó≤óì ÿô ⌐ô≈ó ⌐∞⌡Θô√ⁿ σ≤£·≈ô■ ûôτ  Ñ≤óφⁿ á⌡ó ûô⌐≤ó.  



 
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THelpTopici ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    Æºôÿ√ó ⌡ ⌐√⌡í º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨



 ]ó∩ûôáÿ· ß∩≥ ⌡ óÆ≤¬Å[
╨º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ≈±ô⌠ Æ⌡Æö≡ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ûô Æ⌐ÿ√ôδ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ û· ÿ₧½√≡ ⌡ ΘñÆφ√ñ■ ß∩⌡≥ ñ⌡ æ⌡ñó. Æ⌡ £≤ô⌠ ßô⌐δ ó∩ûôáÿ· ß∩≥ ⌡ óÆ≤¬Å û⌡ó ∞· ≈√¥ ±½√ûÿÄ ⌡ φñΘÿôñ■ ⌡ ù√⌐ô±ó≈ô■ ≤ôφ⌡Æñì ⌡■ ñÆ ÆÑ ΘñÆφñΘÿ⌠ ±ΓôñΘÄ ⌡ ∞ºûÄ Θ¡ô√≡ ûôÑ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ. Q
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ßε⌡∙ ûñ Üó√ÿÄ ⌡ ù⌐ÿ∞ôñì ÆÑ ≤û⌡τ úÆÿⁿ ⌡ áóÆóÆó■ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ û⌡ó ∞· ù√⌐ñΘÿÄ ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ Æóûⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ ºñßÿÄ ±ⁿûá⌐√ó. ⌐ñÆ√» ±≤ôºûÄ Ωñ⌠ £°ôñ≥ ≈Üñ■ ûñÆ■ ñ⌡ƒ ÿ⌐≤· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ó√φñ óÆ≤⌐Ü⌡√ô⌠ Æ√⌠ Æ±∞ô⌠ ñÆ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ û⌡ó ∞· óñ Ü∩ºôÿÄ óñ¿Å ÆºÿôóÆ⌠ ÑûñóºÿÄ ⌡ ±ô≈ñì ÆÑ ≈ñ ±ú≈ûⁿ ∞· ûô⌐≤ó ⌐ñ∞ÿÄ Üºÿ·ì ß»¬Å á⌡ó ñÆ ûô ±ΓôñΘÄ ⌐ΘôΘÄ ⌡ Ñε≡ Æºε±ⁿ º√ñÆûÄ ∞≤≤ó. \
óñ Ωñ⌠ £°ôñ≥ ⌡ ù≤Ü≥ Θô½∩·≈ô■ û⌡Ü⌡ó æ±ó∙ ⌡ ⌐∞ôΘÄ≈ô■ Æ√Üôó ⌐ó∙ ÆÑ º⌡■ ÿΘñΩ·Æ≤óÆÑ≈ô ÿô ₧ó⌡ó■ ÆÑ û√⌠ ñΘÿ· û⌡ó ⌡ ó⌡ ΘñΩ· ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ≤√ñ⌡±≤ó ÿ⌐√Σ ⌡ ÿº≤⌠ óñ Ü⌡■ ±ºô∩±ÿÄæ±√Ñ Ñ≤óφⁿ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ ñ⌡ƒ ÿΘô≈≥ ûôßÖÄ ⌐ó∙ û⌡óì óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ≈ñó⌡ ΘñΩ· û»⌡ñ æÑÆóÆ≤· û· ÆñÆö· ÆΘ∞ôñ ⌡ Æ⌐ôß· ±ú≈ûÄ ûùñóÆÑ≤ó. £≤ô≤∞· ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ ÆºÿôóÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ûÑñφô⌠ ⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ Æ≈≡ º≤ÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ┤
ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ≤αñì Ωñ⌠ £°ôñ≥ ñÆ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ Θ½≡ û°ôñ ⌡ ⌐∞⌡Θô√ⁿ ∞ÿôûÄ ùñ ⌡ñδ ÿôñ√í û₧ºôûÄ æ⌡ñó. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ Θñ½ÿÄ ÆºÿÖ≤ô√ⁿ û°ñ∙Æ■ ∞ô±≡ ÜºÿÄ. Æ⌡ óñ ≤Ñó ßô∩±ô⌠ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ±₧ΩΩô⌠ ÿ⌡Æ≤ô ß∩⌡≥ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ±ô≤≤ó: ΩñÆöÿÄ Ωñæ⌠ì ½ñΘÄì ≤₧⌡ì ₧ó√ÖÄì ∞ε≥ì ûεσÿÄì ΘΩ·ì Æ½⌡≡ì ÿΘº√ñ ⌡ Θ≤⌡⌠ ⌐Γñ ⌡ σ√ñ∙ û√ô±⌡áÿÄ ÿô Æ√≤∞· óñ û√ºÿÄ ºô∩φⁿ ÆÑ ÿ₧½√≡ ß∩⌡≥ ±ÿóÆ⌡≡ ûⁿ≤√ôÑ φ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ á⌡ó óñ ½ΘÄ ÆºÿôóÆ⌠ ±₧Ωδ ⌡ ≤ô±óÆñ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿÄ ⌡ ûñ ±º≤ó ÿóñ√¿Å ÿ∞√· Ñó ⌡ û· ùñ⌡ñ¬Å »ô∩ûô⌠ ß∩≥ ùñóÆáÿÄ. R
ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ≤ô≥æ⌡ñ■ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≤Ñó æ≤ô⌠ û· ∞ºûÄ óÆ≤¬Å ùñóÆáÿ· ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: |
1- Æû⌡Æº₧ôδ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ û⌠ Æ₧±ó »ûñ■ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 393ì ΘΩ√· ⌡ Æó√ûÄ ⌡ ≤⌡√º≤ó∙ ÑûñóºÿÄ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ Ωñæ⌠ ñÆ óñ Æ⌡Æ⌠ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ≤Ñó ⌡■ æ±⌡áÿÄ. K
2- Æû⌡ß∩ⁿ Θôñºⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 773ì ≤ô≥æ⌡ñ ß∩≥ ⌡ ÆóûÄ ⌡ ù√⌐⌡Æ■ ß∩≥ ≤₧⌡ óñ ß½ñ á⌡ó. _
3- Æû⌡ºΓ√ó º√ñÆΘⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 863ì óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ≤₧⌡■ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ ∞· ±º≤ó Ω¡ô⌡ÿÄ ûµóÆó ñÆ ûΓ°ó∙ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. @
4- Ωô¡ⁿ ßûóÆ∩Üûôñ ûµóÆó■ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ...ì ±ÿá½¼Å ß∩≥ ₧ó√ÖÄ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ. ä
5- ßûóÆ∩ñ₧√≥ û⌠ ≤ûôÿ· ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 473ì ÆÑ á»ûô■ û∩≤óæ⌡ÆÑ∙ ⌡ ≤ô±óÆñ ⌐√Γ·ì ±⌐°⌡ñ û· á»√ûÄ ±½ñ■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±ΩóÆñ■ ÆÑ Θ≤⌡⌠ ⌐Γñ ñÆ ÆÑ ⌡■ æ±⌡áÿÄ. d
6- Æû⌡±₧±ó ßûóÆ∩∩· û⌠ ±₧±ó Æºó■ Æ∞Θô≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 504ì ßô∩≥ Θô¡≡ ⌡ ùñ≈√Ñ∞ôñ ⌡ ±º≤ó≤⌐√⌠ Ω¡ô⌡ÿÄ ∞≡ ûµóÆó. ò
7- Æû⌡Æ∩Θÿƒ ßÖ±ô⌠ û⌠ Ü≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 293ì Æó√ûÄ ₧ôúδ ⌡ ±ô≈ñ óñ ß∩≥ ≤₧⌡ ⌡ ½ñΘÄ. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ )Æ∩±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Æ∩≤û⌡√·( á⌡ó ÆÑ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ±»ô∩ûÄ ûº√ôñ■ ≤Ω≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. J
8- Æû⌡Æ∩₧º⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ß√ºⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 024ì ⌐Γñ⌐≤ô¿Å ⌡ ù√⌐⌡Æ■ ß∩≥ ∩µÿÄ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ. ï
9- Æû⌡₧Θ¼Å ß±ñ û⌠ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ û⌠ Æ₧±ó Æ∩∞≤ô≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ... ±₧óÖÄ ÖΩ· ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ⌡ ₧ó√ÖÄ ΘñÆφñΘÿÄ ⌡ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ á⌡ó ÆÑ ⌡■ ₧ó√ÖÄ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ ≤Ω≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. e
01- Æû⌡Æ∩Ωôº≥ ß√ºⁿ û⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ß√ºⁿ û⌠ óÆ⌡ó û⌠ ÜñÆƒ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 053ì ∩µÿÄ⌐≤ô¿Å ⌡ ±₧óÖÄ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ±⌡ñó Æßÿ±ôó. g
11- Æû⌡ßûóÆ∩∩· ±ñÑûô≤ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 483ì ±₧óÖÄ ≤ô±óÆñ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ £≤ó√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ₧ó√ÖÄ ⌡ ±⌡ñó Æßÿ±ôó ⌐√í ½ó⌡δ )ñ∙(. |
21- Æû⌡û∞ñ ±₧±ó û⌠ ±⌡ºⁿ á⌡ÆñÑ±ⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 304ì ΘΩ√°ⁿ ºÿñφÄ ⌡ Æºÿôó ₧ó√ÖÄ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ó√φñ ΘΩ°ô■ ûÑñφÄ ÆÑ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ΘΩ· æ±⌡áÿ·Æ≤ó. c
31- Æû⌡±₧±ó ≈ôñ⌡⌠ ÿ∩Γ∞ûñ■ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 583ì ΘΩ√°ⁿ Ü∩√≡ Æ∩Ωóñ ⌡ ∞≥ ±ô≤≤ó ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ∞ÿôûÄ Ü⌡Æ±Σ óñ ß∩⌡≥ ó√⌠. L
41- Æû⌡ßûóÆ∩∩· ±₧±ó û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ ≤Γ±ô⌠ ±⌐°⌡ñ û· ⌐√í ±Θ√ó )ñ∙( ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 314 ≈.δ. ][
THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ΘΩô≈ÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]±Üÿ°ó ºÿñφÄ[
┬ß∩≥ ΘΩ· ⌡ ⌐≤ôáÿÄ Æ₧∞ô≥ Æ∩°ⁿ ÆñÑ⌐±≤óÿñ√⌠ ⌡ ûô Θ¡√∩ÿÄÿñ√⌠ óÆ≤¬Å≈ô ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ΘΩô≈ÿÄ ûΓó ÆÑ ñºô∩ÿÄ ⌡ Æ±ô±ÿÄ ßô∩√ÿñ√⌠ óñÜ· ⌡ ±ñÿû· ±Γ≤⌡■ Æ≤ºô≤°ô ÆºÿÄ. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ Θñ≈≤φÄ σ≤ⁿ Æºε±ⁿ û°ñ∙ ⌐ô√ô≤ⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ▌
ÿΩó√ñ Æ∩°ⁿ £≤√⌠ ñΩ≥ Ñó∙ û⌡ó ∞· Æ⌡ ⌡ ûñÆóñ¬Å º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ )Æ₧√ôφñ ΘΩ· º√ôºⁿ ⌐√Γ· ⌡ ùñ£±óÆñ ß∩≥ ⌡ ΘΩô≈ÿÄ( ÆÑ ±₧¡ñ ùñΘ√«Å √φô≤· ΘΩ√· ≤ô±óÆñ ⌡ ûÑñφÄ ±Üÿ°ó ñ⌡Ñφôñì ⌐√í ±Θ√ó )ñ∙( ÆºÿΘôó∙≈ô ûûñ≤ó ⌡ û· ±Ωô≥ ⌐ô±í ÆÜÿ°ôó óºÿÄ √ôû≤ó. 

≈ñ£≤ó æ⌡ÆÑ∙ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ßñ½· ù°≤ô⌡ñ ⌐Γñ ⌡ ÆóûÄì ó√φñ ÆûΓôó ß∩±ⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ ÿ₧ÿÄÆ∩⌐Γôπ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ º√ñ∙≤⌡√ºô⌠ ⌡ ÿôñ√í≤φôñÆ⌠ óñ ±⌡ñó ⌐Γñ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ û√⌐ÿñ ±ô√· φúÆ⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó ⌡ Ω∩≥ Θñºôöⁿ ≤±⌡ó∙ì Æ⌡ ñÆ ºñæ±ó ⌐ΓñÆò ±ΓñΘⁿ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ûô Æ√⌠ ₧ô≡ ⌐á½√ÿÄ ß∩±ⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûôεÿñ ÆÑ Æ√≤°ôºÿÄ ∞· óñ Ω∩±ñ⌡ ⌐Γñ ⌡ ÆóûÄ áε½· ⌐⌡ó. Æ⌡ óñ ß√⌠ √∞·ÿôÑ■ ±√óÆ⌠ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄì ±₧óÖⁿ óñ√ôφ⌡≤· ⌡ ±Θºñ■ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ±Üÿ°ó■ ºÿñφÄ û⌡ó. ÿô ûóÆ⌠ ₧ó ∞· ±₧ΩΩô⌠ φΘÿ·Æ≤ó Æφñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡Ü⌡ó ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄì º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ºñæ±ó ⌐ΓñÆ û⌡ó ⌡ Æφñ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ≤û⌡ó ΘΩ√°ⁿ ≈±ô≤≤ó º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ù√óÆ ≤±ⁿ⌐ó. ╬
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Ñ±√≤· ΘΩ· ∞ÿôûⁿ ÿô∩√ΘÄ ≤±⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û≤ô≥ "ÿΓ∩√δ ß∩ⁿ áεΘÄÆ∩ΘΩ°ô". ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠ ±≤ôαñÆÿÄ ΘΩ°ⁿ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ûô ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ΘΩ√°ô⌠ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ì óñ æÖôñ Æ⌡ ÖûÿÄ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ≈±· Æ√≤°ô óε√≡ ñ⌡⌐≤ⁿ ≈ºÿ≤ó ûñ ΘΩô≈ÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ. æ
ÆÑ Æ√≤°ô ∞· ûφúñ√≥ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±óÿÄ Ñ√ôó■ ß°ó∙óÆñ Ω¡ô⌡ÿÄ û∩∞· ñ√ôºÿÄ ßô∩ⁿ Ω¡ôöⁿ û⌡ó ∞· Æ√⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ≤√ôÑ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ û· ±ô√· ÆÜÿ°ôó ⌡ ÿá½¼Å óñ ΘΩ· óÆñó. 



 
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THelpTopicc ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ΩóñÿÄ ⌐ôßñ■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]⌐Γñ ⌡ ⌐ôßñ■[
▐⌐Γñ "φñ∙ á⌡ñóφⁿ ßô»Θ· ⌡ ÿá√≡ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ Ñûô≤ⁿ æ≈≤φ√⌠ ⌐∞≡ φñΘÿ· ûô⌐ó". û≤ôûñ Æ√⌠ ⌐Γñ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ÆûÑÆñ≈ô■ ±°≥ ÆñÆö· ÿΘ∞ñ ±ⁿûô⌐óì Ñ√ñÆ ⌡Ωÿⁿ ºá⌠ óñ Ωô∩ûⁿ ÆÑ Æ∩Θôα Ñ√ûô ûô æ≈≤φⁿ ⌐√⌡Æ ⌡ û√ô≤ⁿ φ√ñÆ φΘÿ· ⌐⌡óì óñ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ÿôÖ√ñ ±ⁿφúÆñó. 
∞ºô≤ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ º∩√Ω·≈ô■ ∩»√ΘÄ ⌡ ú⌡δ ⌐Γñ■ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ≈ºÿ≤óì Ωôóñ≤ó ûñÆ■ Æ∩Ωô■ ÿΘ∞ñÆÿÄ ⌡ ÿá√εÿÄ á⌡√¬Åì ±ºô√≡ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡≤ⁿ ÆÑ Ωû√≡: ₧±ó ⌡ ≤√ô√¬Åì ±óƒ ⌡ ºÿô√¬Å Ü≤φÄ ⌡ ₧±ôº·ì ß⌐δ ⌡ ßô⌐Ωⁿì ñ⌡ƒ ½₧ñÆ ⌡ óÆ±≤· ∞⌡≈°ô ⌡ ±°ÿôû°ô ⌡ ⌐ûÄ≈ô ⌡... ñÆ ±⌡¡⌡π ºá⌠ ΩñÆñ ó≈≤ó ⌡ û· óÆó ºá⌠ ûùñóÆÑ≤ó. ╓
⌡∩ⁿ ±⌡¡⌡π ±°≥ ≈óΘⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ⌐ôßñ óñ ùⁿ æ⌠ ÆºÿÄ Æφñ ≈óΘÄ ºñÆ√≤ó∙ ±Ωó¿Å ⌡ Ü°ÿÄóÆñ ⌡ ÿΓ°óûá¬Å ûô⌐óì ºñ⌡ó∙Æ¬Å ûô ÆñÑ¬Å ⌡ ºÿ⌡ó≤ⁿ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó. ⌡∩ⁿ Æφñ ÆÑ ÆñÑ¬Å≈ô■ ⌡ÆΩΓⁿ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ≤ûô⌐ó ±áñûÄ ⌡ ±≤₧ñΘÄ ∞≤≤ó∙ ÆÑ æûÄ óñ ±ⁿæ√ó. ╪
û°±√⌠ áô»ñ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ ßô∩±ô⌠ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ÿΩ⌡Æ ù√⌐· ±ô ûñÆ■ û√ô⌠ ⌡ ≤⌐ñ ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ≈ô ÆÑ ÆûÑÆñ ∞ôñºôÑ ⌡ ±ÿ₧⌡≡ ∞≤≤ó∙ ⌐Γñì ÆºÿΘôó∙≈ô■ Ñ√ôó■ ûñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ ±Ω½ó≈ô ⌡ ±ñÆ±°ô■ áóÆ√ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ óñ Ωô∩ûÄ Æ⌐Γôñ ó∩≤⌐√⌠ ⌡ Æ∩Θôα Ñ√ûô û√ô⌠ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó. ╟
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ½ô₧ûô⌠ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· ÆÑ óñ∞ⁿ ½₧√ƒ ⌡ ú⌡Ωⁿ º∩√≥ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ û⌡ó. Æ⌡ Æ⌡∩√⌠ £∞ô±· Ω½√ó∙Æ¬Å ñÆ óñ ±óƒ ⌡ ºÿô√¬Å ≤√ô∞ô≤¬Å ⌡ û√ô⌠ Æ½ô∩ÿÄ áô≤·Æ¬Åì ≈≥æ⌡ÆÑ ûô áñ⌡¬Å óÜ∩· ñ⌡Æ⌠ ºôáÿÄ. <
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ û√¬Å ÆÑ 9 ºô≡ ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ Æ±ô £≤ô⌠ ±°ôñÿⁿ ÆÑ á⌡ó ≤⌐ô⌠ óÆó ∞· ≈±φô⌠ ñÆ ⌐φΘÿÄ Ñó∙ ∞ñó. ⌡■ óñ »⌡≡ Ñ≤óφⁿ ≈±⌡Æñ∙ ûô Ñûô⌠ ≤α≥ ⌡ ⌐Γñ ±ô≤⌡¿Å û⌡ó ⌡ ûñÆ■ ùñ⌡ñÆ≤ó⌠ Ωñ√₧· ⌐Γñ■ á⌡ó Æ≈±√ÿÄ Ñ√ôó■ Ωôû≡ ±ⁿ⌐ó. ⌡ óñ ÆÖñ Æ√⌠ ±óÆ⌡±ÿÄ û⌡ó ∞· óñ Æ≤ó∞Ä ±óÿⁿì ∩»ôΘÿÄ Æ⌐Γôñ¬Å ûñ ≤º√≥ º₧ñ■ ºûΩÿÄì ⌡ æ⌡ÆÑ∙ û∩≤ó Æ⌡ æΘôδ ñÆ φñΘÿÄ. 
⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óñ ±√ô⌠ ºñÆ√≤óφô⌠ £√ñ∙ óºÿÄ ßñûÄ Ñûô⌠ì £≤ô⌠ ±ô≈ñÆ≤· ⌡ Æó√ûô≤· Ωó≥ û· ±√óÆ⌠ φúÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· φ⌡■ ºûΩÿÄ ÆÑ ≈±φô⌠ ñû⌡ó ⌡ ∩ΩûÄ "Æ⌐Γñ Ωñ√¬Å" ⌡ "Æ⌐Γñ ßñûÄ" )ºñæ±ó ⌐ΓñÆ■ Ωñ√¬Å ⌡ ßñûÄ( ñÆ û· á⌡ó Æáÿ½ô¼Å óÆó ⌡ ≤ΩôóÆ⌠ ÆóûÄ ⌡ ß√ôñÆ⌠ ºá⌠ ≈ñ ∞óÆ≥ û· ≤⌡ßⁿ Ñûô⌠ û· ±óƒ ⌡ ÿ±Ü√ó¬Å φ⌐⌡ó≤ó. +
æÖôñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Æóû√ôÿÄ ⌡ ⌐Γñ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: j
1- ±áÿôñ ⌐Γñ Æûⁿ Æº₧ôδ Æ∩½ôûⁿì φÑ√ó∙Æ■ ÆÑ Æ⌐Γôñ Æû⌡ Æº₧ôδ ½ôûⁿ ≤⌡√º≤ó∙ ±⌐°⌡ñ ⌡ ó⌡ºÿÄ ½±√±ⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆºÿÄ. ╝
2- Æ∩Ü√ó ±⌠ ⌐Γñ Æû⌠ Æ∩₧Üô¢- ≤ô≥ ó√φñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩₧º⌠ ±⌠ ⌐Γñ Æ∩₧º√⌠" ±ⁿûô⌐ó ⌡ ₧º√⌠ ≤ô≥ Æû⌠ ₧Üô¢ ⌐ôßñ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ Æ⌐Γôñ ≤√∞⌡ ⌡ Ñ√ûô■ Æû⌠ ₧Üô¢ ñÆ Ü±Σæ⌡ñ■ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 
3- Æ∩Ñ√ôñÆÿÄ Θⁿ ⌐Γñ Æûⁿ ÿ±ô≥. 
4- ñºôö≡ ⌡ ≤ô±·≈ôöⁿ ∞· û√⌠ Æ⌡ ⌡ Æû⌡ Æº₧ôδ ½ôûⁿ ±ûôó∩· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ º· Ü∩ó û⌡ó ∞· Æφñ ûóºÿÄ ±ⁿæ±ó ⌐ô√ó ÆÑ ≤Θô√¿Å Æóû√ôÿÄ ßñûÄ û⌡ó. 3
5- ó√⌡Æ⌠ ⌐Γñ¬Å ∞· ÖΓô∩ûⁿ φΘÿ· ⌐ô√ó £°ôñ Ü∩ó ûô⌐ó. 



 
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 ║█    ⌐Γñ óñ ß½ñ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]⌐Γñ ±ÿΓ°ó[
Vß½ñ »ε√ⁿ ±º∩±√⌠ì √Γ≤ⁿ Ωñ⌠ £°ôñ≥ ⌡ Æ⌡Æ√≡ Ωñ⌠ ù≤Ü≥ ≈Üñ■ì ß½ñ ⌐∞⌡Θô√ⁿ ß∩⌡≥ ⌡ Θ≤⌡⌠ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ û⌡ó. óñ Æ√⌠ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ∞≥ºôûΩ· ÆÑ ÿôñ√í Æºε≥ì ñ⌐ÿ·≈ô■ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡⌠ ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ û∩≤ó Æºε±ⁿ ±ô≤≤óì ΘΩ· ⌡ ∞ε≥ ⌡ ₧ó√ÖÄ ⌡ ÿΘº√ñ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄì ⌡ ºô√ñ ß∩⌡≥ ±Ö≡ ñ√ô¡√ôÿÄ ⌡ Θ∩ºΘ· ⌡ ≤Ü⌡≥ ⌡ ≈≤óº· ⌡ ùÑ⌐∞ⁿ ñ⌐ó √ôΘÿÄ ⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ û∩≤ó æ⌡ÆÑ∙Æ■ û· ΘΓô∩√ÿÄ≈ô■ ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ Θñ≈≤φⁿ Æ⌐ÿµô≡ ⌡ñÑ√ó≤ó. C
óñ Æ√⌠ ñÆºÿôì ⌐Γñ ⌡ ÆóûÄ ÆÑ Üô√φô∙ áô½ⁿ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ û⌡ó ⌡ ñ⌡Æ¢ û√⌐ÿñ■ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ûô ÿ⌡Ü· û· ⌐ñÆ√» ±≤ôºûÄ ⌡ ÿ⌐⌡√δ ⌡ ÿñσ√ûⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ≤ô₧√· ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ Θñ≈≤φÄ ó⌡ºÿÄ æ≡ û⌡√· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿφñΘÿÄì ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ ÿ⌡Æ≤±≤ó ⌡ Æó√ûô⌠ ºá⌠ º≤¢ ûº√ôñ■ ùñ⌡ñ¬Å √ôΘÿ≤ó. Ü∩ºôÿÄ Æóûⁿ ⌡ ßñ½·≈ô■ ù°⌠ó⌐ÿÄ ºá⌠ì φºÿñó∙ ⌐ó ⌡ ó√⌡Æ⌠≈ô■ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ±Ü±⌡ß· Æ⌐Γôñ ßô∩ⁿ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ √ôΘÿÄ. â
≤ôûµ· ó⌡ñÆ⌠ º√ó ûÑñφ⌡Æñì ºñæ±ó ÿ±ô≥ ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ ⌡ ½óñ≤⌐√⌠ Æ√⌠ ±Üô∩¿Å ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ Æóûⁿ û⌡ó ∞· ûô ⌐±Σ ⌡Ü⌡ó¬Å ±₧ôΘ≡ Θñ≈≤φⁿ ñÆ ñ⌡⌐≤ô√ⁿ ±ⁿûá⌐√ó. à
æ≤£· óñ á⌡ñ ÿ⌡Ü· ⌡ ÿô±≡ ÆºÿÄ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ áô¼Å ⌡ ±≤₧½ñ û· Θñó Æ⌐Γôñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· ûôßÖÄ ⌐ó∙ Æ⌡ ⌡ ó√⌡Æ≤¬Å ñÆ ÆÑ ó√φñÆ⌠ ±±ÿôÑ φñóÆ≤ó. -
Æ√≤∞Ä û· ûñáⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ á½⌡½√ôÿÄ Æ⌐ôñ∙ ±ⁿ∞≤√≥: y
1- º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈ñφÑ ÆÑ ú⌡δ ≈≤ñ■ á⌡ó ûñÆ■ ñº√ó⌠ û· Üô∙ ⌡ ±Ωô≥ì ⌡ ±ô≡ ⌡ ±≤ô≡ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ≤∞ñóì ⌡■ ÆÑ Ωñ√₧· ⌐Γñ ∞ºûÄ ⌐á½√ÿÄ ≤∞ñó û∩∞· û· ⌐Γñ ⌡ ⌐ôßñ■ Ü°ÿÄ óÆó ⌡ ≈óΘÄ ûá⌐√ó "½ô₧ûÄ û⌠ ßûôó ⌡Ñ√ñ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ⌡ ⌐Γñ⌐≤ô¿Å ±⌐°⌡ñ ûôñ≈ô ûñ Æ⌐Γôñ "±ÿ≤ûⁿ" ⌐ôßñ û∩≤ó æ⌡ÆÑ∙ ßñûÄ ∞· ⌐°ñÿÄ Ü°ô≤ⁿ óÆñóì áñó∙ ±ⁿφñΘÿÄ ⌡ Æ√ñÆó ±ⁿ∞ñó. ûô Æ√⌠ ₧ô≡ £≤ô⌠ ⌐√Θÿ· Æ⌐Γôñ ≤µÑ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ∞· ⌐á½ⁿ ñÆ ±ô±⌡ñ ºôáÿÄ ∞· û· ûµóÆó ûñ⌡ó ⌡ ºñ⌡ó∙≈ô■ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ûñÆ√¬Å ñ⌡≤⌡√ºⁿ ∞≤ó. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±»∩ûÄ æφô∙ ⌐ó ⌡ Ω½√ó∙Æ■ ßô∩ⁿ óñ ÿ⌡½√ΘÄ Ω∩≥ ⌡ ∞±ôεÿÄ ½ô₧ûÄ ºñ⌡ó ⌡ Ω½ó¬Å Æ√⌠ û⌡ó æ⌠ Ω½√ó∙ ñÆ ûñÆ■ ½ô₧ûÄ ûΘñºÿó. Æ±ô ÆÑ û√≥ æ≤∞· ±ûôóÆ Θ∞ñ ∞≤ó ÆÑ ⌡■ £⌐≥ óÆ⌐ÿⁿ óÆñóì ÆÑ Æñºô≡ æ⌠ á⌡óóÆñ■ ∞ñó. δ
2- Æ⌡ ≈±√⌐· ßΘÿÄ ∞ε≥ ñÆ ₧Θα ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ ∞∩±·Æ■ ûó⌡ñ ÆÑ ≤ÑÆ∞ÿÄ ≤±ⁿφΘÿÄì "⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿì ⌐Γñ ≈Ü⌡ì ±ô≤≤ó Æ⌐Γôñ ≈Ü⌡ ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ ó√φñ ∞· ±±∩⌡ ÆÑ ºá≤ô⌠ Ñ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ Æ∩Θôα ñ∞√∞Ä ÆºÿÄì ≤óÆñó... ⌡ £≤ô≤£· óñ Æ⌐Γôñ ⌡■ ≈Ü⌡■ √ôΘÿÄ ⌐⌡óì ßôñ■ ÆÑ ⌡Æª∙≈ô■ ≤ôùº≤ó ÆºÿÄ". 
3- ºñ⌐ÿÄ ûô»≤ⁿ ⌡ ßα±ÿÄ ñ⌡₧ⁿ óñ ⌡■ ÆÑ ºñ⌡ó⌠ ≤⌡ßⁿ σÑ≡ ∞· á∩Θô û∞ôñ ±ⁿφñΘÿ≤ó ⌡ £√Ñ■ ⌐û√· û· √ô⌡∙ φ⌡√ⁿ ⌡ ≈ñÑφⁿ û⌡óì ûôÑ ±ⁿóÆ⌐ÿÄ Æ√⌠ ≤⌡π σÑ≡ ∞· û· ±Ωô≥ ⌡ ⌐ñÆΘÿÄ ⌡■ ∩»±· ±ⁿÑó ≈√£φô∙ ûô ⌐ôßñ■ Æ⌡ ºñºôÑφôñ■ ≤óÆ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ". ûô Æ√≤∞· óñ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ φºÿôáⁿ ⌡ ∩⌡óφⁿ ñÆ√¢ û⌡ó. ┬
4- Æ⌐Γôñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ÿ±ô±ⁿ û√ô⌠ ⌡ÆΩΓ√ôÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó Æ⌡ óñ Æα°ôñ ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ ≈√¥ ∞¿Å ⌡ ≈√¥ ±Ωô±ⁿ ñÆ óñ ≤αñ ≤±ⁿφñΘÿÄ û°±√⌠ áô»ñ ÿô æáñ ß±ñ ºñ⌡ó∙≈ô■ á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ ½ΘÿÄ ≤ôùº≤ó £ôù∩⌡ºⁿ ⌡ ÿ±∩δφ⌡√ⁿ ûó⌡ñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ.⌡... £
ñßô√ÿÄ Æ√⌠ á½⌡½√ôÿÄ ⌡Æε ⌡ ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ûôßÖÄ φñó√ó ∞· ⌐Γñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûΓ≤⌡Æ⌠ ⌐Γñ ±ÿΓ°ó ⌡ ≈óΘÄ óÆñ ⌡ Ü°ÿÄûá¬Å ±»ñƒ ûô⌐ó. ó√⌡Æ⌠ ùñ φ⌡≈ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ "óñ £°ôñ Ü∩ó ÿó⌡√⌠ √ôΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ". ∞· ≈≥ Æ⌐Γôñ¬Å ≤ºûÿÄ û· ó√φñÆ⌠ û√⌐ÿñ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≈≥ ÿ±ô≥ ºñ⌡ó≈ô√¬Å óñ Æ⌡¢ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ⌡ ±ÿô≤ÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. "⌐ôßñÆ≤ⁿ ∞· ßô∩ⁿ ºñ⌡ó∙Æ≤óì ∞≥ ºñ⌡ó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ Æ⌐áô½ⁿ ∞· û√⌐ÿñ ºñ⌡ó∙Æ≤óì Æ⌐Γôñ⌐ô⌠ ßô∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ. ÿ≤°ô ∞ºⁿ ∞· ≈≥ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ ⌡ ≈≥ ßô∩ⁿ ºñ⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆºÿÄ". 



 
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 ║█    ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]Ω»ñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ óñ√ô■ û√∞ñÆ⌠[
(º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ Ü⌡Æ≤ⁿ û· ÿΘº√ñ ⌡ ÿ⌡¡√ƒ æ√ôÿÄ Æ∩°ⁿ ñ⌡■ æ⌡ñó. ß⌐δ ⌡ ßεΩ· Æ⌡ û· Ωñæ⌠ì ÆÑ ≈±ô⌠ Æ⌡Æ√≡ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ∞· ≈ñ ñ⌡Ñ ½ûƒ û· ≤⌡Æ■ ó∩≤⌐√⌠ ΩñÆöÿÄ ùóñ ⌡ ±ôóñ φ⌡¬Å ±ⁿºùñó æσôÑ ⌐ó. ⌡ ûΓó ÆÑ √ôóφ√ñ■ì Æ≤¿Å óÆö±ⁿ ⌡ ñÆû»· ≈±√⌐φⁿ ûô Ωñæ⌠ ûñΩñÆñ ∞ñó. Æ⌡ ≈±⌡Æñ∙ ûô Ñ±Ñ±· ∞ε≥ ñ⌡ƒ ûá¬Å áóÆì æ√≤· ó≡ ñÆ Üε ±ⁿûá⌐√ó. í
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈±£⌡⌠ ó√φñ ±ñóÆ⌠ Æ∩°ⁿ ⌡ ßô∩±ô⌠ ñûô≤ⁿì ≈ñφô∙ ±ⁿá⌡ÆºÿÄ ûô ±Γû⌡ó á⌡ó ºá⌠ ûφ⌡√ó ≤±ôÑ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó ⌡ ≈ñ ⌡ΩÿÄ ∞· ±ñτ ó∩¬Å ≈⌡Æ■ ⌐≤√ó⌠ ∞ε≥ áóÆ⌡≤ó ùñ ±ⁿ∞⌐√ó û· ÿε⌡ÿÄ Ωñæ⌠ ±ⁿùñóÆáÿÄ. ≈ñ ñ⌡Ñ ∞· ±ⁿφú⌐ÿÄ ⌐√Θÿφⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ∞ε≥ ⌡₧ⁿ û√⌐ÿñ ⌡ û√⌐ÿñ ±ⁿ⌐óì ÿô Æ√≤∞· û· ß∩⌡≥ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ Ωñæ⌠ ùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ óñ Æ≤ó∞Ä ±óÿⁿ ÿ±ô≥ ÿá½½°ô■ Ωñæ≤ⁿ ñÆ ûóºÿÄ æ⌡ñó ⌡ á⌡ó Ωñæ⌠⌐≤ô¿Å ÑûñóºÿÄ ⌡ ±Θºñ■ £√ñ∙ φ⌐ÿÄ. "û· º⌠ ºⁿºô∩φⁿ óñ ±óÿⁿ ∞⌡ÿô∙ Ωñæ⌠ ñÆ ₧Θα ∞ñó". î
₧ôε ßε⌡∙ ûñ æ⌠ ₧ε⌡ÿÄ ⌡ ⌐√ñ√≤ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ±ⁿ£⌐√óì á⌡ó ñÆ ûô ó≤√ô√ⁿ ÆÑ Ñ√ûô√ⁿ≈ô■ ñ⌡ƒ æΘñ√≤ⁿ ±ⁿ√ôΘÿÄ ∞· ⌡ºΓÿ¬Å ûⁿÆ≤ÿ°ô ⌡ σ≤ô√¬Å ûⁿ±≤ÿ°ô û⌡ó. α
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±₧⌡ óñ Ü±ô≡ ÿôû≤ô∞Ä æ√ôÿÄ Æ∩°ⁿ óºÿÄ ûΩ∩≥ ⌐ó ÿô Ω»ñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ óñ√ô■ û√∞ñÆ⌠ ÿΓô∩√±¬Å ñÆ ûñ ½Θ₧· ∞ôσú Üôñ■ ºôÑó. Ö±ñ∙ Æ√⌠ ÿε¬Å ûô Æáε¼Å º· φ≤Ü√≤· φñÆ≤º≤φÄ óñ ±⌡ñó Ωñæ⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñÆ■ ≤º∩°ô■ æ√≤ó∙ û· √ôóφôñ φúÆ⌐ÿÄ. 7
Æ√⌠ º· ∞ÿôûÄ º√ó ÜÑò úáô√ñ ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ÿ⌐√Σ û₧ºôûÄ ±ⁿæ√ó: ß
1- "ÿ∩á√¼Å Æ∩û√ô⌠ ß⌠ ±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Æ∩Ωñæ⌠" Æ⌡∩√⌠ ∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· óñ ±⌡ñó Ωñæ⌠ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ æ⌠ »ñ₧ⁿ ≤⌡ ⌡ ⌐√⌡∙Æ■ áô¼Å û∞ôñ ûñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. û· Æ√⌠ ÿñÿ√ûÄ ∞· ÿ±ô≥ æ√ôÿÄ Ωñæ⌠ ñÆ ÿΘº√ñ ≤±ⁿ∞≤óì û∩∞· ºñÆτ æ√ôÿⁿ ±ⁿñ⌡ó ∞· Θ°±√ó⌠ æ≤°ô Æ₧ÿ√ô¢ û· ÿ⌡¡√ƒ û√⌐ÿñ ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ß∩⌡≥ ó√φñ Ωñæ≤ⁿ ⌡ σ√ñ∙ óÆñó. ±⌡¡⌡π Æ√⌠ ÿΘº√ñ ±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Ωñæ⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó √Γ≤ⁿ æ√ôÿⁿ ∞· áεΘÄ αô≈ñ æ≤°ô ±≤α⌡ñ ÆºÿÄ. "φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ óñ ±ÜôÑ≈ô■ Ωñæ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó ∞· û°ÿñ√⌠ æ⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±⌡º⌡■ ûñÆóñ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿì û≤ô≥ "±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Æ∩Ωñæ⌠" ÆºÿÄ. [
2- "₧Ωô√δ Æ∩ÿô⌡√≡ Θⁿ ±ÿ⌐ôû· Æ∩ÿ≤Ñ√≡" ó⌡±√⌠ ÿΘº√ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ ∞ÿôûÄ ó√φñ¬Å û≤ô≥ "Æ∩±ÜôÑÆÿÄ Æ∩≤û⌡√·" ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ÿΘº√ñ á⌡ó ûô ≤ô≥≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ √ôó ±ⁿ∞≤ó. ±ÿôºΘô≤· ΘΩ» ÜÑò ù≤Ü≥ Æ√⌠ ÿΘº√ñ ûóºÿÄ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄ óñûôñ∙ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ á»√ûÄ ûµóÆó■ ÆÑ Æºÿôó¬Å Æ₧±ó û⌠ ß±ñ û⌠ ñ⌡ƒ ≤Ω≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ∞· ±ⁿφΘÿÄ: "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ∞ÿôûⁿ óñ ±Γô≤ⁿ Ωñæ⌠ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ô≤≤ó¬Å √ôΘÿÄ ≤±ⁿ⌐⌡ó". h
3- ±Γô≤ⁿ Æ∩Ωñæ⌠ óñ á½⌡¼Å Æ√⌠ ÿΘº√ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì ≤ºûÄ⌐≤ôºⁿ ±⌐°⌡ñ "ß±ñ■" óñ ∞ÿôû¬Å "Æ∩±Üó" ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "±⌠ √∞Ä ÜÑò ÆÑ ±Ü∩óÆÿÄ ÿΘº√ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ó√ó∙Æ≥ ∞· ûº√ôñ ≤√∞⌡ ⌡ ≤±∞√⌠ û⌡ó ⌡ óñ ±Ωô√º· ûô ÿΘº√ñ )ÿû√ô⌠( Æû⌡ÜΓΘñ )⌐√í »⌡ºⁿ(ì ±ô≤≤ó æ⌠ û∩∞· ûÑñφÿñ ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ Æû⌠ á∩∞ô⌠ ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: "∞ÿôûÄ ±Γô≤ⁿ Ωñæ⌠ ∞≥≤α√ñ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ó∩√≡ ûñ Æ₧ô»· ⌡º√Σ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ß∩≥ ≤₧⌡ ⌡ ∩µÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó". -
ó√φñ ÿô∩√ΘôÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ "á½ô√¼Å Æεö±·"ì ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·ì Æ∩Ñ√ôóÆÿÄ Θⁿ ⌐Γñ Æûⁿ ÿ±ô≥ì ÿΓ∩√δ áεΘÄ Æ∩ΘΩ°ôòì ∞ÿôûÄ ±ÜôÑÆÿÄ æÖôñ Æ∩≤û⌡√·ì ÿΓ∩√Ω· ûñ Æ√¡ôƒ Æûⁿ ß∩ⁿì Æ∩Ü√ó ±⌠ ⌐Γñ Æû⌠ Æ∩₧Üô¢ì Ñ√ôóÆÿÄ Θⁿ ⌐Γñ Æû⌠ Æ∩₧Üô¢ì ±áÿôñ ⌐Γñ Æûⁿ Æº₧ôδ Æ∩½ôûⁿì ∞ÿôûÄ ±ôóÆñ û√≤· ⌡ û√⌠ Æûⁿ Æº₧δ ±⌠ Æ∩ñºôö≡". ⌡ ó√⌡Æ⌠ Æ⌐Γôñ. 



 
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 ]Æ⌡∩√⌠ óÆ≤⌐φô∙[
	⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ Ü⌡Æ≤±ñó■ óñó æ⌐≤ô û⌡ó. Æ⌡ ≤√¬Å ₧ºôóÿÄ ⌡ ⌐±ôÿÿÄ ñÆ ûñ ßÑ∩ÿÄ ⌡ ñ≈ûô≤√ÿÄ ÿñÜ√ƒ ±ⁿóÆó ⌡ óñ ±√óÆ≤°ô■ áó±ÿÄ ∞±ñ ≈±ÿÄ ±ⁿûºÿÄ ⌡ √∞Ä ÿ≤· Ñ√ñûôñ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ≈ô■ º≤φ√⌠ ⌡ ó⌐⌡Æñ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ ±ⁿñΘÿÄ ⌡ óºÿÄ û· ∞ôñ■ ≤±ⁿÑó ±φñ æ≤∞· ÆΘÿáôñ ±ⁿæΘñ√ó ⌡ ⌐√Γ· ñÆ ºñû∩≤ó ⌡ ºñÆΘñÆÑ ±ⁿ∞ñó. $
ûô Æ√⌠ ₧ô≡ Æ⌡ ΘñÑ≤ó ₧⌡Ñ∙ û⌡ó ⌡ á∩ΘÄ ½ô∩ƒ ÿñû√ÿÄ √ôΘÿφô⌠ ±∞ÿûÄ ÜΓΘñ■)π( û°±√⌠ áô»ñì º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈±£≤ô⌠ ñÆû»· á⌡ó ñÆ ûô û₧ÖÄ ⌡ óñ¿Å »∩ûφⁿ ⌡ ÿΓ∩√≥ ⌡ ÿñû√ÿÄ ⌡ ùñ⌡ñ¬Å ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ Ω»Σ ≤∞ñó. ≈ñ£≤ó ûáô»ñ ñº√óφⁿ û· ∞ôñ≈ô■ ≤ΩôûÿÄ ⌡ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ⌡ Æ±ôñÿÄ ₧Üô¢ ±Üô≡ ∞ôΘⁿ ûñÆ■ ₧¡⌡ñ óñ ½₧≤·≈ô■ Θñ≈≤φⁿ ñÆ ≤±ⁿ√ôΘÿÄ. :
Æ⌡ Æ½ô∩ÿⁿ ß±√δ ⌡ ñ√⌐·óÆñ óñ ±∞ÿûÄ áô≤· ⌡ ñºô∩ÿⁿ ßα√≥ ÆÑ ₧⌡Ñ∙ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ⌡ ≈±√⌐· ûΘ∞ñ ÿ₧½√≡ »∩û·≈ô û⌡ó. ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ ûΘ∞ñ »ñ₧ⁿ ≤⌡ Ü°ÿÄ ûôεûñó⌠ º»ƒ ±Γ∩⌡±ôÿÄ ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ ÆΘÿôó ∞· ≤ÿ√Ü· Θ∞ñ ⌡ ÿε⌐¬Åì Æ√Üôó óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ⌐ûô≤·ñ⌡Ñ■ ⌐ó ∞· ÿô æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ ºôûΩ· ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ. "Æ⌡ ûô Æ√≤∞· ÆÑ ÿ±∞⌠ ±ô∩ⁿ ∞≥ û°ñ∙ û⌡ó ±ΣÆ∩⌡½ΘÄ ⌡Ωÿⁿ ó√ó φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ »ô∩ûô⌠ ß∩≥ ⌡ ⌐ôφñóÆ≤¬Å ù√⌡ºÿ· óñ ±εÑ±ÿÄ Æ⌡ ≈ºÿ≤óì áô≤·Æ■ ÿ°√· ó√ó ⌡ æ⌠ ñÆ û½⌡ñÿÄ ±óñº·Æ■ Ü°ÿÄ ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ á⌡ó óñæ⌡ñóì ≤ô≥ æ⌠ ñÆ "óÆñÆ∩Γ∩≥" ≤°ôóì ⌡ ÿ±ô±ⁿ ≤√ôÑ±≤ó√°ô■ »εûÄ ñÆ ûñÆ■ æ≤°ô ΘñÆ≈≥ ∞ñóì º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñÆ■ óÆñÆ∩Γ∩≥ ∞ÿôûáô≤· ⌡ áÑÆ≤·Æ■ ûô ∞∩√· ⌡ºôö≡ ⌡ ∩⌡ÆÑ≥ ΘñÆ≈≥ ∞ñó". N
⌡ û· ÿΓóÆó »∩û·≈ô Æ≤ûôñ ⌡ºô√≡ ñÆ ÿ°√· ó√ó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· û· ⌐ôφñóÆ≤¬Å ⌐á½√ÿÄ óÆó∙ ûô⌐ó óñ Æáÿ√ôñ ≈ñ ∞óÆ≥ì √∞Ä ∞∩√ó ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ û⌡ó ÿô ≤√ôÑ±≤ó√°ô■ á⌡ó⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ûñ»ñΘÄ ºôÑ≤ó. ⌡ ±≤ÿαñ Æ≤ûôñóÆñ ≤ûô⌐≤ó. "ûô√ó óÆ≤ºÿÄ ∞· ÿôº√¿Å óÆñÆ∩Γ∩≥ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ó≈°ô ºô≡ ù√¬Å ÆÑ ÿôº√¿Å ±óñº· ≤αô±√· ûµóÆó ûô û⌡óÜ· ≈≤φΘÿÄ ó⌡∩ÿⁿ ÿ⌡º» ≤αô≥Æ∩±∩∞Ä »⌡ºⁿ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. b
û√⌐ÿñ ±⌡ñá√⌠ ≤αô≥Æ∩±∩∞Ä ñÆ Æ⌡∩√⌠ ∞ºⁿ óÆ≤ºÿ·Æ≤ó ∞· óñ Æºε≥ ±óÆñºⁿ Ü°ÿÄ ÿΓ∩√≥ ß∩⌡≥ ó√≤ⁿ ÿôº√¿Å ∞ñó ⌡∩ⁿ ±ⁿû√≤√≥ ∞· ≤αô≥Æ∩±∩∞Ä óñφú⌐ÿ· ºô≡ 584 ≈. ∞· ≤αô±√· ûµóÆó ñÆ óñ ºô≡ 754 ≈. æσôÑ ⌡ óñ ºô≡ 954 ≈. û· Æÿ±ô≥ ñºô≤√ó ÿΩñ√ûô ₧ó⌡ó 08 ºô≡ ûΓó ÆÑ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óºÿÄ û· Æ√⌠ ∞ôñ √ôÑ√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ" ûΓ√ó ≤√ºÿÄ ∞· ≤αô≥Æ∩±∩∞Ä ⌐√⌡∙ ±óñº· ºôÑ■ ñÆ ÆÑ »ñƒ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆΩÿûô¿Å ∞ñó∙ ûô⌐ó. 



  
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THelpTopicW ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
 ║╚▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄▄╘╨



 ]û⌡ºÿô⌠ ±ΓñΘÿÄ[
╠º√ó ñ¡ⁿ Ωû≡ ÆÑ 9 ºô∩φⁿ û· ÿ₧½√≡ ß∩⌡≥ ùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ ÿô 12 ºô∩φⁿ û· óÆ≤¬Å Æ≤ó⌡Ñ■ á⌡ó ÆóÆ±· óÆó û· ºû∞Ä Üô∩ûÄ ⌡ ûⁿ≤α√ñ ₧⌡Ñ∙≈ô■ ß∩±√· ⌡ óñ ₧√⌠ ΘñÆφ√ñ■ ⌡ Ωû≡ ÆÑ ΘôñτÆ∩ÿ₧½√∩ⁿì ÆΩóÆ≥ û· ùñ⌡ñ¬Å »ô∩ûÄ ß∩±ô⌠ ó√φñ ≤±⌡óì æσôÑ û· ÿóñ√¿Å ∞ñó. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ φñ£· óñ ≤⌡Ü⌡Æ≤ⁿ ±º≤ó≤⌐√⌠ Ω∩· ÿóñ√¿Å φ⌐ÿÄ ⌡∩ⁿ ₧⌡Ñ∙ φñ±¬Å ÜúÆû√ÿÄ áô½ⁿ óñ û√⌠ óÆ≤⌐Ü⌡√ô⌠ Æ√Üôó ∞ñó. ⌡√ªφⁿ≈ô■ Æáεδ ⌐á½ⁿ ⌡ φºÿñ¬Å ⌡ Æ₧ô»· ß∩±ⁿ Æ⌡ ûôßÖÄ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ∞· »ô∩ûô⌠ ≤⌡ñ óÆ≤¬Å û· φñó ⌐±Σ ⌡Ü⌡ó¬Å ₧∩Ω· Ñ≤≤ó ⌡ óñ¿Å óñá⌐¬Å ΘñÆφ√ñ≤ó. ╕
ûó√⌠ ÿñÿ√ûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ û⌡ºÿô⌠ ±ΓñΘÿ¬Å û· ùñ⌡ñ¬Å ⌐ôφñóÆ≤ⁿ ùñóÆáÿÄ ∞· á⌡ó Θáñ û· æ≤ô⌠ ÆΘÿáôñ ±ⁿ⌡ñÑó ⌡ ≈ñ∞óÆ±⌐ô⌠ ±ô≤≤ó Ω±ñ■ óñ Θ∩∞Ä ß∩≥ ⌡ Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ºÿôñ∙Æ■ óñ æº±ô⌠ Θ°≥ ⌡ ∞⌡⌐¬Å ±ⁿóñá⌐≤ó. d
 1 -  º√ó ßûóÆ∩∩· ÜñÜô≤ⁿì ±⌐°⌡ñ û· Æû⌡Ñ√ó ∞√ôû∞ⁿ.
 2 -  ⌐√í ±₧±ó ₧∩⌡Æ≤ⁿ.
 3 -  ⌐√í ÜΓΘñ ó⌡ñ√ºÿⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ ₧ó⌡ó 374≈.
 4 -  ⌐√í »⌡ºⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 064 ≈.
 5 -  Æ₧±ó û⌠ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ ΩóÆ±· ±⌐°⌡ñ û· Æû⌠ ΩóÆ±· ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 684≈.
 6 -  Æû⌡Æ∩₧º⌠ ≈ô⌐±ⁿ.
 7 -  ±Θ√ó ≤√⌐ôû⌡ñ■ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 544 ≈.
 8 -  Æû⌡û∞ñ ≤√⌐ôû⌡ñ■ áÑÆßⁿ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ ₧ó⌡ó 084 ≈.
 9 -  Ωô¡ⁿ Æû⌡û∞ñ ß∞ûñ■ ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ 274 ≈.
 01- ±°√ôñ ó√∩±ⁿ.




 
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 ║█    ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ÆáεΩⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ Æºÿôó[
√∞ⁿ ÆÑ á½⌡½√ôÿÄ ±≤₧½ñ û· Θñó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ∞· û√⌐ÿñ ±⌡ñó ÿ⌡Ü· º√ñ∙≤⌡√ºô⌠ ⌡ ÿôñ√í ≤φôñÆ⌠ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ æÑÆó±≤⌐ⁿ ⌡ Ω≤ôßÿÄ Æ⌡ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ÿô ûóÆ⌠ ₧ó ∞· óñ Ωô±⌡¿Å ⌡Ü⌡ó¬Å ûñÆ■ ⌡Æª∙ »±Σ Üô√φô≈ⁿ ù√óÆ ≤±ⁿ⌐ó. ûñæ≤£· óÆ⌐ÿÄ ñÆ¡ⁿ û⌡ó ⌡ ⌐ô∞ñì ⌡ ≈√£φ⌡≤· £⌐≥ óÆ⌐ÿⁿ ÆÑ ó√φñÆ⌠ ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ. P
Æ⌡ ≈ñφÑ á⌡ó ñÆ ±ó√⌡⌠ ±₧ûÿÄ ó√φñÆ⌠ ≤ºôáÿÄ ÿô óñ Æ≤Üô≥ ∞ôñ≈ô■ ±°≥ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ ⌡ ÿ≤¬Å≈ô■ º√ôºⁿ ûô ó⌡∩ÿ±ñóÆ⌠ ±Üû⌡ñ û· ±ε₧α· ∞ôñ■ ⌡ √ô ºôÑ¬Å ≤φñóó. ₧ÿⁿ ≈óÆ√ô■ á∩Θô ⌡ ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ ñÆ ∞· Æ½ñÆñ û· ùú√ñ¬Å óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ñó ±ⁿ∞ñó. óñ »⌡≡ Ñ≤óφⁿ ÿ≤°ô ÆÑ √∞Ä ≤Θñ ½∩· Ωû⌡≡ ∞ñó æ≤°≥ ûáô»ñ Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ ±Ωô≥ Æºÿôó■. ÿ≤°ô ±Ωô±ⁿ ∞· º≤φ√≤ⁿ ßα±ÿ¬Åì ÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÆÑ φñó⌠ ≈±√⌐· Æºÿ⌡Æñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñφñΘÿÄ ⌡ Æ⌡ ñÆ û· ∞ñ≤¬Å ⌡ ÿΓα√≥ ⌡ÆóÆ⌐ÿÄ. Æ±√ñ ºá⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( óñûôñ∙ ₧δ Æºÿôó Θñ±⌡ó: "±⌠ ß∩±≤ⁿ ₧ñΘô ΘΩó ½√ñ≤ⁿ ßûóÆ" )≈ñ∞¿Å √∞Ä ₧ñΘÄ û· ±⌠ û√ô±⌡Ñó ±ñÆ ßûó ⌡ σε≥ á⌡√¬Å ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ.( º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ≤⌡Ü⌡Æ≤ⁿ ù√¬Å "Æû⌡Æº₧ôδ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ û⌠ Æ₧±ó »ûñ■" Ωñæ⌠ ±ⁿæ±⌡áÿÄ. Θ
ñ⌡Ñ■ Æºÿôó¬Å φΘÿÄ: óñ ∞Üô Ñ≤óφⁿ ±ⁿ∞≤ⁿî Ü⌡ÆûÄ óÆó: óñ áô≤· ùóñ≥ì ⌡ÆΩΣ óñ ±₧∩· "ûôûÄ ±₧⌡≡" - φΘÿÄ: ∞ºⁿ ±ô≤≤ó ÿ⌡ ∞· ½ô₧ûÄ ±Ωô≥ ⌡ ±≤Ñ∩ÿÄ ≈ºÿⁿ ≤ûô√ó óñ áô≤· ùóñ¬Å Ñ≤óφⁿ ∞≤ó. ±⌠ áô≤·Æ≥ ⌡ÆΩΣ óñ ±₧∩· ∞ñí ñÆ ∞· û· "Æ∩ûñ∞·" ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ ÆºÿÄì û· ÿ⌡ ±ⁿûá⌐≥. º√ó ≤ùú√ñΘÿÄ ⌡ ùôºí óÆó. ±⌠ ÿô∞≤⌡⌠ ÆÑ ∞ºⁿ ₧ÿⁿ ùóñ≥ ≈ó√·Æ■ ≤φñΘÿ·Æ≥. φΘÿÄ: ₧Ωⁿ ∞· ±⌠ ûñφñó≤ÿÄ óÆñ≥ì ÆÑ ₧δ ùóñÿÄ ûÑñφÿñ ⌡ ±°≥ÿñ ÆºÿÄ. Ñ√ñÆ ±⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ áóÆ ñÆ û· ÿ⌡ æ±⌡áÿ·Æ≥. ûΓó ÆÑ ⌐≤√ó⌠ Æ√⌠ ºá⌠ Ωû⌡≡ ∞ñó ⌡ Æα°ôñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ: û· Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ Æºÿôó■ ÆÑ ⌐±ô ±ⁿùú√ñ≥. 

 ]±ÿô≤ÿÄ »ûΣ[
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±ñó■ á⌡óºôáÿ· ⌡ ù√ñÆºÿ· û⌡ó ⌡ ⌐á½√ÿÄ ⌡ ßα±ÿÄ ñÆ óñ ÆñÑ⌐°ô■ ⌡Æε■ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ ⌡ ±Γ≤⌡√ôÿÄ ±ⁿó√ó. ÆÑ Æ√⌠ñ⌡ óñ ÿ±ô≥ ß±ñ¬Å ≈±⌡Æñ∙ ÆΩÿ½ôó ⌡ ±√ô≤· ñ⌡■ ñÆ ñßô√ÿÄ ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ ûô ñ⌡ƒ Ω≤ôßÿÄ óñ σ≤ô■ ₧Ω√Ωⁿ ûºñ ±ⁿûñó. Æ⌡ ≈√£φô∙ óºÿÄ »±Σ ûº⌡■ ó√φñÆ⌠ óñÆÑ ≤∞ñó. û°±√⌠ áô»ñì ß∩⌡ ≈±ÿÄ ⌡ ±ÿô≤ÿÄ »ûΣ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿì Ñûô≤Ñó ßô≥ ⌡ áô¼Å φ⌐ÿ· û⌡ó. Ñ√ñÆ ≤ºûÿÄ û· ±ô≡ ⌡ Öñ⌡ÿÄ ó≤√ô Æ≈±√ÿⁿ Ωôö≡ ≤û⌡ó ⌡ ±αô≈ñ ⌡ ÿÜ±εÿÄ ±ôó■ ñÆ û· ≈√¥ ±ⁿÆ≤φô⌐ÿÄ. ⌡ ÆºÿΘôó∙Æ¬Å ÆÑ ±ôó√ôÿÄ ûΩóñ ₧ôÜÿÄ ⌡ ñΘΣ ≤√ôÑ û⌡ó. ⌡ ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ ±∞ÿû¬Å ñÆ ≈≥ ûô ≈±ô⌠ ñ⌡₧√· ÿñû√ÿÄ ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ ùñ⌡ñ¬Å ±ⁿóÆó. ╫
⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óñ ºñ⌡ó∙Æ■ Ñ√ûô ⌡ æ±⌡Ñ≤ó∙ì ¡±⌠ ±ΓñΘⁿ ó≤√ô û· Θñ√û≤óφⁿ ⌡ Æσ⌡Æφñ■ ⌡ ûⁿ⌡Θô√ⁿ ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: ±⌠ ≈√£φ⌡≤· ßεΩ· ⌡ ó∩ûºÿφⁿ ⌡ ⌡Æûºÿφⁿ û· ó≤√ô ≤óÆñ≥. - û· ó≤√ô■ Θñ√û≤ó∙ ≤√ôÑ■ ≤óÆñ≥ì ûφúÆñ ∞√ó Æσ⌡Æφñ ⌡ Üôó⌡√ⁿ æ⌠ ñº⌡Æ ⌐⌡ó. <
- ó≡ ûºÿ⌠ û· æ⌠ á»ñ≤ô∞Ä ÆºÿÄì Ñ√ñÆ ûⁿß°ó ⌡ ù√±ô⌠ ⌡ ûⁿ⌡Θô ÆºÿÄ. - ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· óñó æ⌠ ñÆ ±°ôñ ∞≤≥ì ≈ÑÆñûôñ »εΩ¬Å óÆó∙Æ≥ì óñ ₧ô∩√∞· Æ½≡ »εδì º· »εΩ· ÆºÿÄ. ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ æ≡ û⌡√· á√∩ⁿ Æ½ñÆñ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ½∩· ⌡ ≈ó√· æ≤°ô ñÆ Ωû⌡≡ ∞≤ó ⌡∩ⁿ æÑÆóφⁿ ⌡ æÑÆó±≤⌐ⁿ Æ⌡ ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠ ûⁿÿ⌡Ü°√¬Å û· úáô√ñ ó≤√ôì ±ô≤Σ ÆÑ ûñæ⌡ñó æñÑ⌡■ æ≤ô⌠ û⌡ó. @
ÆÑ Æûⁿ ±₧±ó ±°∩ûⁿì ⌡Ñ√ñ û°ôòÆ∩ó⌡∩· ≤Ω≡ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ∞· ±ⁿφΘÿÄ: ñ⌡Ñ■ û· ±⌠ áûñ ñº√óì áóÆ⌡≤ó û· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ùºñ■ ß≤ô√ÿÄ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. Θñ½ÿÄ ñÆ σ≤√±ÿÄ ⌐±ñó≥ ⌡ á⌡Æºÿ≥ û· û°ô≤· Æ√⌠ ±⌡ñó ½∩·Æ■ û· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûΩû⌡ε≤≥. û· σε±ô⌠ óºÿ⌡ñ óÆó≥ì »ûΩⁿ ₧ô¡ñ ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ ó⌡≈ÑÆñ ó√≤ôñ ûñ »ûδ φúÆ⌐ÿ≥ ⌡ û· ñº≥ £⌐≥ ñ⌡⌐≤ⁿ ⌡ ≈ó√·ì ûñÆ√¬Å Θñºÿôó≥. º√ó Ωû⌡≡ ≤∞ñó∙ ù√ô≥ óÆó∙ û⌡ó ∞·: εûó ⌡Ñ√ñ ±ⁿóÆ≤≤ó ⌡ Æφñ ±»∩Σ ≤√ºÿ≤óì ûóÆ≤≤ó ∞· ±⌠ ÆÑ ∞ºⁿ ½∩· Ωû⌡≡ ≤±ⁿ∞≤≥. - û· Æ±√ó Æ√≤∞· Æ½ñÆñ≥ Ö±ñ ûá⌐óì ó⌡ûôñ∙ »ûδ ùñº√≥ ⌡ Ññ ñÆ Θñºÿôó≥ ⌡ φΘÿ≥: Æ√⌠ ≈ó√· ≤ô£√Ñ ñÆ Ωû⌡≡ Θñ±⌡ó∙ û· Ωôû∩·≈ô ûó≈√ó. ó⌡ûôñ∙ ù¿Å Θñºÿôó ⌡ Ü⌡ÆûÄ óÆó: Ωôû∩·≈ô σñ√û· ≤√ºÿ≤ó ⌡ ñº≥ ±ô ûñ Æ√⌠ ≤√ºÿÄ ∞· û√φô≤φô⌠ û· áô≤· ±ô ñΘÿÄ ⌡ æ±ó óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐≤ó. æ≤°ô ÆÑ ûºÿφô⌠ á⌡ó±ô⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐≤ó ⌡ £√Ñ■ ≈≥ ≤±ⁿùú√ñ≤ó. ûñÆ■ ûôñ º⌡≥ »ûδ ñÆ Θñºÿôó≥ ⌡ φΘÿ≥: ₧ô≡ ∞· á⌡ó Ωû⌡≡ ≤±ⁿ∞≤√ó û· »∩û·≈ôö√∞· ù√¬Å ⌐±ô óñ¿Å ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤≤óì ÿΩº√≥ ≤±ô√√ó. £⌡⌠ »ûδ ñÆ æ⌡ñó≤ó Æºÿôó óñ ₧¡⌡ñ »∩û·≈ô Θñ±⌡ó: »∩û·≈ô á⌡ó⌐ô⌠ ₧ô¡ñ≤óì ⌡ ûΓó ñ⌡ ∞ñó û· ⌐ôφñóÆ⌠ ⌡ φΘÿÄ: ≈ñ∞¿Å û· Æ√⌠ ù⌡∩°ô ±₧ÿô¢ ÆºÿÄ ûñóÆñóî óñ Æ√⌠ ≈≤φô≥ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ »∩û·≈ô ûñáôºÿÄì ó√≤ôñ■ ûñóÆ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ Ωº±ÿⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ñÆ Ω√£ⁿ ∞ñó ⌡ ûΩ√· ñÆ ºñÜô√¬Å φúÆ⌐ÿÄ. ó√φñ »∩û·≈ô ≈≥ £√Ñ■ ûñ≤óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó. b
⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ æ⌠ »∩û· ùñº√ó: ûñÆ■ £· Æ√⌠ ±ΩóÆñ ûñóÆ⌐ÿⁿî - φΘÿÄ: ⌐ûÄ φú⌐ÿ· ≈≤φô≥ ±»ô∩Γ·ì ñ⌡σ⌠ £ñÆτ ÿ±ô≥ ⌐óì áôó≥ ≤û⌡ó ∞· ÆÑ Æ≤ûôñ ñ⌡σ⌠ ûó≈óì ÆÑ Θε⌠ ûΩô≡ ±ΩóÆñ■ ñ⌡σ⌠ £ñÆτ ≤º√· ∞ñó∙Æ≥ì ₧ôε Æ√⌠ Ω»Γ· »ε ñÆ ûñóÆ⌐ÿ≥ ÿô Ωñ«Å á⌡ó ñÆ ÆóÆò ∞≤≥. º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÿô Æ√⌠ ºá⌠ û⌐≤√óì óºÿ⌡ñ óÆó ûÿΓóÆó »∩û·≈ô ∞∩√ó ºôáÿ≤ó ÿô ≈ñ ∞¿Å £√Ñ■ εÑ≥ óÆ⌐ÿÄì ∞∩√ó Æ≤ûôñ ñÆ ≈±ñÆ∙ óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐ó. 

 ]ûú≡ ⌡ ûá⌐¬Å[
=√∞ⁿ ÆÑ ⌐ΓñÆ■ £√ñ∙óºÿÄ ß½ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û≤ô≥ "áô∩Σ" ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ûô Ω½√ó∙Æ■ Ñ√ûô ⌡ ó∩≤⌐√⌠ ºÿô√¬Å ∞ñó≥ ⌡ ∞±ôεÿÄ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ û· ≤α≥ ∞⌐√ó≥. ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ 94 óñ≈≥ ûñÆ√≥ Θñºÿôó. ù√¬Å á⌡ó φΘÿ≥: ûⁿ⌐∞Ä ÆóûÄ ⌐≤ôºⁿ £⌡⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì û· ±⌠ á√ô≤ÿÄ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄì Ñ√ñÆ ÆñÑ¬Å Ω½√ó∙Æ≥ û√¬Å ÆÑ 94 óñ≈±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· Æ⌡ ûΓ≤⌡Æ⌠ ½∩· ûñÆ√≥ Θñºÿôó∙ ÆºÿÄ. 
£≤ó ½ûô₧ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±ôÜñÆ φú⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ≈≤⌡Ñ Θ∞ñ "áô∩Σ" ÆÑ ûôûÿÄ 94 óñ≈≥ ±⌐⌡¬Å û⌡ó. √∞Ä ñ⌡Ñ ÆÑ ûôÑÆñ "ßñ⌡¿Å" ßû⌡ñ ±ⁿ∞ñóì óñ Æ√⌠ ÆÖ≤ôò ±ÿ⌡Ü· ±ñó■ ⌐ó ∞· ±ⁿφΘÿÄ: Ω»Γ· Ñ±√≤ⁿ ±ⁿΘñ⌡⌐≥ ∞· Ωº±ÿⁿ ÆÑ áô≤· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±ⁿûô⌐óì ⌡ ±⌠ æ⌠ ñÆ û· 94 óñ≈≥ ∞· ±ºô⌡■ ûô 5 ó√≤ôñ ÆºÿÄ ±ⁿΘñ⌡⌐≥. 
Æ√⌠ ºá⌠ áô∩Σ ñÆ ±ÿ⌡ΩΘÄ ∞ñó ⌡ ⌐φΘÿÄ Ñó∙ ⌐ó. ó√φñ ùñó∙ ÆÑ Æû°ô≥ æ⌠ óñ≈≥≈ô ÆΘÿôó∙ û⌡ó. Æ⌡ Θ°±√ó ∞· º√ó óñ æ⌠ ±⌡ΩΣ ÿ≤φóºÿÄ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ûñÆ■ Æ√≤∞· ⌐Γñ Æ⌡ ñÆ ûⁿ½∩· ≤φúÆñó ±Üû⌡ñ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· Ωº±ÿⁿ ÆÑ áô≤·Æ¬Å ñÆ ûΘñ⌡⌐ó ⌡ Ω√±ÿÄ æ⌠ ñÆ ûñÆ■ Æ⌡ ûΘñºÿó. Æ√≤Üô û⌡ó ∞· áô∩Σ ÆÑ ÆΘ∞ôñ ù√⌐√≤¬Å óñûôñ∙ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ Æ√≤∞· û· Ω½√ó∙ Æ⌡ ∞≥ û°ôò óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄì ûºáÿⁿ ù⌐√±ô⌠ ⌐ó ⌡ æÿ¬Å ≤óÆ±ÿÄ óñ óñ⌡≤¬Å ⌐Γ∩· ∞⌐√ó. 

 ]₧¡⌡ñ Ω∩ûÄ[
±º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≤· ÿ≤°ô óñ ûΓó ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ ΘΓô∩√ÿÄ≈ô■ Θñ≈≤φⁿ ≤±⌡≤· ⌡ Æ∩φ⌡ û⌡ó û∩∞· óñ º√ñ∙ ß±∩ⁿ ≤√Ñ ßô∩±ⁿ ûôÿΩ⌡Æ ⌡ ùôñºô√ⁿ ⌐ûÄ Ñ≤ó∙óÆñ û⌡ó. ΘñÑÆ≤·Æ■ ∞· ⌐û°ô û· ßûôóÿÄ ⌡ ñÆÑ ⌡ ≤√ôÑ ±ⁿùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ ñ⌡Ñ≈ô û· ÿΓ∩√≥ ⌡ ÿñû√ÿÄ ⌡ áó±ôÿÄ ÆñÑ≤ó∙ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ Æ⌐ÿµô≡ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. /
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ≤±ôÑ Ü±ôßÿÄ ûñÆóñ¬Å º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ₧ô¡ñ ±ⁿ⌐ó ⌡ ≤±ôÑ¬Å ñÆ ûô ₧¡⌡ñ Ω∩ûÄ ⌡ á¡⌡π ⌡ á⌐⌡π ûÜô ±ⁿæ⌡ñó. ñ⌡Ñ■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ûñÆóñ¬Å º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ÆΩÿóÆ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ≈≤φô±√∞· ⌡Æñó ñ∞⌡π ⌐ó≤óì º√ó ñ¡ⁿ Æ±ô≥ Ü±ôßÿÄ ñÆ óñ á⌡⌠ ⌐≤ô⌡ñ ó√óì ≤√ÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ ß⌡«Å ∞ñó ⌡ û· ÿ≤°ôöⁿ )ûó⌡⌠ ÆΩÿóÆ û· Ü±ôßÿÄ( ≤±ôÑ¬Å ñÆ û· ùô√ô⌠ ñºô≤ó. ß∩ÿÄ Æ√⌠ ß±≡ ñÆ Ü⌡√ô ⌐ó≤ó )û≤ô û· φΘÿ· á⌡ó º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ùñº√óì £⌡⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ φΘÿÄ ó√φñ û· ÿ⌡ ÆΩÿóÆ ≤±ⁿ∞≤≥. ⌡ û≤ô û· ±ÿ≤ⁿ ó√φñì ₧ô¡ñ√⌠ óñ ≤±ôÑ Ü±ôßÿÄ ß∩ÿÄ ñÆ ùñº√ó≤ó(. ⌡ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ Ü⌡ÆûÄ φΘÿÄ: ≈≤φô±√∞· û· ñ∞⌡π ñΘÿ≥ì ûñÆóñ≥ ñÆ ó√ó≥ ∞· óñ óñ√ô√ⁿ ÆÑ á⌡⌠ ⌐≤ô⌡ñ ÆºÿÄ. ù
⌐ñ√ΘÄ ±ñÿ¡ⁿ φΘÿ· Æ⌡ ñÆ ÿ½ó√δ ∞ñó ⌡ φΘÿÄ: æ⌠ ±⌡ΩΣ óñ ±ºô∩·Æ■ ÆÑ ±ºô√≡ "₧√«Å" ±ⁿÆ≤ó√⌐√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ù√¬Å ÆÑ æ±ó⌠ û· ≤±ôÑ ßó∙Æ■ ÆÑ Ñ≤ô⌠ ÆÑ Æ⌡ ùñº√ó∙ û⌡ó≤ó. 

 ]Θñ≈≤φÄ ßô⌐⌡ñÆ[
Qº√ó ñ¡ⁿ ßô⌐δ ºôεñ ⌐°√óÆ⌠ ⌡ ó∩ûôáÿ· æñ±ô⌠≈ô■ ⌡Æε■ Æ±ô≥ ₧º√⌠ )π( û⌡ó ⌡ ûôñ≈ô ûñÆ■ æºÿô⌠ û⌡ºⁿ ⌡ Ñ√ôñÿÄ ºñ⌡ñ æÑÆóφô⌠ ⌡ ÿÜó√ó ß°ó ⌡ ù√±ô⌠ ûô ⌐°√óÆ⌠ ùô∞Ä ûôáÿ· ∞ñûε û· æ⌠ ºñÑ±√⌠ ß⌐δ ⌡ ₧±ôº· ºΘñ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó. Æ⌡ ≈±· ºô∩· óñ ñ⌡Ñ ßô⌐⌡ñÆì ûô º⌡Ñ ⌡ φóÆÑì ñ⌐ôóÿÄ ⌡ ⌐°ô±ÿÄ ⌡ ⌐°ôóÿÄ ⌡ ±α∩⌡±√ÿÄ æ⌠ Üφñφ⌡⌐· Ñ≈ñÆ )¿Å( ñÆ Ñ±Ñ±· ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ º√≡ Æ⌐∞Ä Üôñ■ ±ⁿºôáÿÄ. é
Ω½√ó∙≈ô■ æÿ⌐√⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ∞· óñ ó√⌡Æ⌠ φñÆ≤±ô√·Æ¬Å Ü±Σæ⌡ñ■ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ û√ô≤φñ ß⌐δ û· Æ±ô±ÿÄ ⌡ ßÑ≥ ñÆºí û· ùôºóÆñ■ ÆÑ ₧ñ√≥ ⌡ε√ÿÄ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. 



 
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╘óñ »⌡≡ ÿôñ√í ₧ô±√ô⌠ ⌡ÆΩΓⁿ ó√⌠ ⌡ ⌐á½√ÿÄ≈ô■ ßα√≥ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ  ≈±⌡Æñ∙ ûô ù√⌐ô±ó≈ô■ ≤ôφ⌡Æñ ⌡ ±½√ûÿ°ô■ ºáÿÄ ±⌡ÆÜ· û⌡ó∙Æ≤ó. £ñÆ ∞·  óñá⌐¬Å á⌡ñ⌐√ó ≈ñ £· û√⌐ÿñ ûô⌐ó û°±ô⌠ Æ≤óÆÑ∙ áΘô⌐ô⌠ ⌐ûÄ ùñºÿÄ óñ  ñ≤¢ ⌡ ßúÆûÄ á⌡Æ≈≤ó û⌡ó.  h
ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈≥ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ Ωôßó∙ ±ºÿÖ≤ⁿ ≤û⌡ó ⌡ óñºÿÄ óñ º≤√≤ⁿ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û· ₧±ô√ÿÄ ⌡ ±⌡ÆαûÿÄ ⌡ ±ñÆΩûÿÄ ùóñì Æ₧ÿ√ô¢ û√⌐ÿñ■ óÆ⌐ÿÄ  ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ûµóÆó Æ⌡ ñÆ ÆÑ ºô√· ùñ±°ñ ⌡ ±₧ûÿÄ ùóñ ±₧ñ⌡≥ ºôáÿÄ.  "ûÿôñ√í 763≈Üñ■ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ó√∩±ⁿ ≤√ñ⌡±≤óÿñ√⌠ ⌡ ±⌐°⌡ñÿñ√⌠ ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ æ≡ û⌡√· û· ûµóÆó ∩⌐∞ñ∞⌐ⁿ ∞ñó ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ ûñ∞≤ôñ  ºôáÿ⌠ ûáÿ√ôñ ùºñ ±ΓÑÆ∩ó⌡∩·ì ó⌡∩ÿÄ æ≡ û⌡√· ñÆ √∞ùôñ£· ºôáÿÄ.  ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ùôó⌐ô≈ⁿ û⌡ó ûⁿùñ⌡Æ ⌡ á⌡óñ╛■ì ÿô Üôö√∞· á∩Θô■  û≤ⁿ ßûô¿Å ñÆ ûôÑ√£· óºÿÄ ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ û⌡ó Æ⌡ ±ⁿá⌡ÆºÿÄ ≈ñ£· Ñ⌡óÿñ û·  Æ≈óÆΘⁿ ∞· óñ ºñ ±ⁿùñ⌡ñÆ≤ó Üô±· ß±≡ ûù⌡⌐ô≤ó ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ ñ≈φúñ ÆΘñÆó■  ±ô≤≤ó Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ⌡ ó√φñ ûÑñφô⌠ ñÆ ±ÑÆ₧≥ ñº√ó⌠ û· æñÑ⌡≈ô■ á⌡√¬Å  ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿÄ.  
ÿ₧±≡ ≤Θ⌡ú ⌡ ÆΩóÆ±ôÿÄ ½∩ƒ ⌡ æ⌐ÿⁿ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ∞· ±√ô⌠ á∩Θô■  û≤ⁿ ßûô¿Å ⌡ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ æ≡ û⌡√· Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿóÆó ûñÆ■ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ±⌐∞≡ û⌡ó.  û°±√⌠ áô»ñ "óñ ºô≡ 963≈Üñ■ì ûΓó ÆÑ ó⌡ ºô≡ ₧∞⌡±ÿ¬Åì »ô≈ñ  ú⌡Æ∩±≤ôΩûÄ )ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ( ⌡ ûñÆóñ¬Å Æû⌡ßûóÆ∩∩· û⌠ ±⌡ºⁿ ñÆ óºÿφ√ñ  ≤±⌡ó ⌡ óñ Ω∩Γ· ⌐√ñÆÑ Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ ∞ñó".  Ω
"ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· φú⌐ÿ· ÆÑ ùóñ ⌡ ß±⌡■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì ±₧±ó û⌠ ß±ñ  ß∩⌡■ì ⌐á½√ÿÄ ûÑñφÄ ⌐√Γ· óñ ∞⌡Θ·ì ⌡ Æû⌡Æ₧±óì Ωô¡ⁿ Æ∩Ω¡ô┤ ûµóÆóì ⌡  Æû⌡≤½ñ á⌡Æ≤⌐ôú ñÆ ≤√Ñ óñ ≈±ô⌠ ºô≡ óºÿφ√ñ ⌡ û· Ω∩Γ· ⌐√ñÆÑ ÿûΓ√ó ⌡ óñ  æ≤Üô Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ ≤±⌡ó ⌡ Æ±⌡Æ∩⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ±½ôóñ∙ ∞ñó".  

 ]óΘôπ ÆÑ ₧ñ√≥ ⌡ε√ÿÄ[
ûô σñ⌡ûÄ á⌡ñ⌐√ó ≤⌡ñ ÆΘñ⌡Ñ ⌡ φñ±ôûá¬Å ùóñ ÆÑ æº±ô⌠ ñ⌡⌐⌠  Ñ≤óφⁿì ∞⌡£· ù¿Å ∞⌡£·≈ô■ ó≡ ûÑñφÄ º√ó áñóºô≡ ñ⌡ û· ÿôñ√∞ⁿ ⌡ ºñó■ ≤°ôó.  s
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ∞· ≈ñ ½ûƒ ó≥ì óñ ûôτ Ñ≤óφⁿ ùóñ û· φñó¬Å óñ±ⁿæ±ó ⌡  ÆÑ φ∩û⌡ÿ·≈ô■ Æ√±ô⌠ ⌡ ÿΩ⌡Æì ⌐°ó φ⌡ÆñÆ■ ÆºÿΩô±ÿÄ ⌡ ⌐ÜôßÿÄ ±ⁿ£⌐√ó ⌡  óÆ±≤ⁿ ÆÑ óÆ≤¬Å ⌡ Θ¡√∩ÿÄ ùñ ±ⁿ∞ñóì Æ√≤∞Ä áôñ≈ô■ ÿ√Ñ ∞√≤· ⌡ ₧ºôóÿÄ Æ⌡  ñÆ ÆÑ æ≤°±· Θ√«Å Ü⌡⌐ô⌠ ±₧ñ⌡≥ ºôáÿ· û⌡ó. ó√φñ ÆÑ ⌐ôóÆûⁿ ⌡ áñ±ⁿ  φú⌐ÿ· áûñ■ ≤û⌡ó ⌡ º√ó ûºô⌠ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ ∞· ûô ⌡Ü⌡ó ùóñ φñó √ÿ√±ⁿ ûñ  £°ñ∙Æ¬Å ≤⌐ºÿ· ûô⌐ó óñ ΘñÆδ ùóñ ±ⁿº⌡áÿÄ ⌡ ±ⁿºôáÿÄ.  
Æ⌡ á⌡√⌐ÿ⌠ ñÆ óñ ÑÆóφô∙ ⌡ ⌡»⌠ á⌡óì σñ√ûⁿ Æ₧ºô¿Å ±ⁿ∞ñó ∞· ÆÑ  ≈±· ∞¿Å ⌡ ≈±· £√Ñ û⌡■ σñûÿÄ ⌡ û√φô≤φⁿ Æºÿ⌐±ô≥ ±ⁿ≤±⌡ó.  σ≥ º√ó º≤φ√⌠ û⌡ó ⌡ Üô≤º⌡Ñì ⌡Ωÿⁿ º≤φ√⌠ÿñ ±ⁿ⌐ó ∞· á⌡ó ñÆ óñ  ±Ωôû≡ ó⌐±≤ô⌠ ûⁿÆóûÄ ⌡ ±º∩ƒ û· û√ô⌠ ±ⁿ√ôΘÿÄ ⌡ √Ω√⌠ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· ûô ÿûñ ÿ√Ñ  û√ô≤¬Å ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó óñáÿÄ ù⌡º√ó∙ ó⌡⌠ ½Θÿô⌠ Üô∙ »∩ûÄ ñÆ óñ≈≥ ⌐∞≤óì ⌡∩ⁿ  ÆΘº⌡¿Å ∞· ºó ½ûñ¬Å ±ô≤Σ ÆÑ ±⌡¢ áñ⌡⌐ô⌠ û⌡ó.  æÿ⌐ⁿ û⌡ó Ñ√ñ áô∞ºÿñ...  Ω»ôñ Æ√ô≥ ûô ÿ±ô≥ º≤φ√≤ⁿ ±ⁿφú⌐ÿÄ ⌡ º√ó ≈±£≤ô⌠ óñ Æ≤ó⌡∙ ÜóÆöⁿ  ⌡ ó⌡ñ■ ùóñ ±°ñûô⌠ σ±φ√⌠ û⌡ó ⌡ á⌡√⌐ÿ⌠ ñÆ ù⌐ÿÄ ºùñ ±Ωô⌡≥ ½ûñì  Æºÿ⌡Æñ ⌡ ûô ½εûÿÄ ≤φ· ±ⁿóÆ⌐ÿÄ.  ╝
ÿô Æ√≤∞· ñ⌡Ñ■ì ÿ√ñ Ñ≈ñ æ∩⌡ó■ì ºùñ ÆºÿΩô±ÿÄ º√ó ñÆ ⌐∞ôΘÿÄ ⌡ Ñá±ⁿ ó√φñ ûñ Ω∩ûÄ ±Üñ⌡₧¬Å Ñó. ûñÆ■ Æ⌡ áûñ æ⌡ñó≤ó ∞· ⌡Ñ√ñ ùºÿÄ Θ»ñÿÄ ⌡ Θñ⌡±ô√·ì )±»°ñû⌠ßûóÆ∩∩·( ÆÜºô≥ ùô∞Ä áô≤óÆ⌠ ñºô∩ÿÄ ñÆ û· Æºÿá⌡Æ≤°ô■ ù⌡º√ó∙ ÿ⌐û√· ∞ñó∙  ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ûô Ñûô⌠ ≤ôùô∞¬Å Æα°ôñ óÆ⌐ÿ·: ûó≤°ô■ ù⌡º√ó∙ óñ Ñ√ñ áô∞Ä ºÑÆ⌡Æñ  ÆΘÿáôñ ≤√ºÿ≤ó! ó√φñ º∞⌡ÿÄ ⌡ ÿ₧±≡ Üô√Ñ ≤û⌡ó £ñÆ ∞· ûôεÿñ ⌡ óñó≤ô∞ÿñ ÆÑ  ⌐∞ºÿ·⌐ó⌠ ₧ñ√≥ ₧ñ±ÿÄ ùóñì óª ±₧∞≥ ⌡ε√ÿÄ ⌡ Æ±ô±ÿÄ ±⌡ñó ≈Ü⌡≥  ∞√≤· ÿ⌡ÑÆ⌠ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· û⌡ó.  «
ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ óΘôπ ÆÑ ₧½ôñ ÆñÑ⌐°ô■ Æºε±ⁿ ûôßÖÄ ⌐ó Ω∩· û∩≤ó ≈±ÿ¬Å  ûñ ½ûñ ⌡Ñ√⌠ ⌡ Ñ±√⌠ ≤⌐√⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ σ∩û· ∞≤ó ⌡ Æ⌡ ñÆ û· áñ⌡¬Å æñó.  ΘñÑ≤ó ₧√óñ ûô ⌐±⌐√ñ û√ô⌠ £≤ô⌠ û· ±√óÆ⌠ ∞√⌠ ⌡ ₧ºôóÿÄ ⌐ÿôΘÿÄ ∞·  ≤Θº°ô ñÆ óñ º√ô∙ £ô≡ º√≤· û· ₧û¿Å ú∩ÿÄ ≤⌐ô≤ó ⌡ Ñûô≤°ô■ √ô⌡∙ φ⌡ ⌡  ßñûó∙ ∞¬Å ñÆ ù⌐ÿÄ ±√∩·≈ô■ ºù√ó û· Ñ≤Ü√ñ ≤óÆ±ÿÄ ∞⌐ô≤ó.  ₧ô≡ ûô ≈≥ ó≡ ±ⁿºùôñ√≥ ûñ æ⌠ º√≡ áñ⌡⌐ô⌠ ⌡ÑÆñÿÄ ⌐∞⌠:  ≈ñ Ü⌡Æ≤±ñó ñÆ ÆÑ ñ⌡Ñφôñ¬Å û· Æ≤óÆÑ∙ ÆñÑ¬Å ⌡Ü⌡ó√¬Å φñΘÿôñ■  ±ⁿñºó.  ┘
æñ■! û· Æ≤óÆÑ∙ ÆñÑ¬Å ±ñóÆ⌠ ûÑñφÄ ûñ æ≤°ô ºáÿⁿ ⌡ ó⌐⌡Æñ■ ñ⌡  ±ⁿæ⌡ñó.  ùóñ! Æ■ û∩≤ó ±ñÿû· ⌡ Æ■ óÆñ≤ó∙ ßα±ÿÄ ⌡ ±°ôûÿÄ ΘóÆ√ÿÄ ⌐⌡≥.  Æ√⌠ φñΘÿôñ■ ÿ⌡ ∞ôñ ⌐á¼Å ÿñº⌡√ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ₧ºó ⌡ ∞√≤· Æ⌡ ñÆ ⌐ÜôßÿÄ óÆó∙ ⌡ ÿ₧ñ√∞Ä ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  █
ÆÑ ±Ωô≥ ñ√ôºÿÄ ßÑ∩ÿÄ ∞ñó≤óì ⌡∩ⁿ ÿ⌡ì ≈ñφÑ ÆÑ ûÑñφⁿ ⌡ Θ¡√∩ÿÄ  ó⌡ñ ≤⌐ó∙Æ■ì Ñ√ñÆ Ü⌡ó ⌡ ºáô⌡ÿÄ ÿ⌡ óñ ₧δ "ûÑñφⁿ"ì û°ÿñ√⌠ ⌐ô≈ó  ßα±ÿÄ ÿ⌡ ÆºÿÄ.  ⌡ ≈±√⌠ ∞ôñ ≤ô⌐ô√ºÿÄ ó⌐±⌠ û°ÿñ√⌠ ó∩√≡ ÆºÿÄ ûñ Æ√≤∞· Æ⌡ √ô⌡ñ ⌡  ûôÑ⌡■ σ√ñ áóÆºÿÄ.  █
σ≥ ±á⌡ñ ∞· √ô⌡ñ ÿ⌡ áóÆ■ ñ₧±ô⌠ ⌡ ßα±ÿÄ ⌡ ±Üó á⌡óì √ô⌡ñ ⌡  ∞±∞Ä ÿ⌡ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. Æ⌡ ≤√∞Ä ±ñóÆ⌠ ⌡ ½ô₧ûô⌠ ±Ωô≥ ßô∩ⁿ ñÆ û· Æºÿá⌡Æ⌠  ù⌡º√ó∙ ≤∞⌡≈¬Å ±ⁿ∞≤ó! ±φñ æ⌠ Æºÿá⌡Æ≤°ô■ áΘÿ· óñ áô∞Äì óñ æ√ôÿÄ  Ωñæ⌠ ±≤Ñ∙ ⌡ ùô∞√Ñ∙ ⌐±ñó∙ ≤⌐ó∙Æ≤óî m
ûó√≤ºô⌠ ù√⌐ô±ó≈ô■ ≤ôφ⌡Æñ ⌡ ±½√ûÿ°ô■ »ôΩÿÄ Θñºôì Æ₧ºôºôÿÄ  º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ûñ±ⁿÆ≤φ√áÿÄ ⌡ ≤û⌡τ Æ⌡ ñÆ ⌐∞⌡Θô ±ⁿ∞ñó.  

 ]±≤αñ∙≈ô■ ÿ∩í ⌡ ⌐√ñ√⌠[
ÿô Æ≤ΩñÆ«Å ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ùñÆΩÿóÆñ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ó√∩±ⁿì ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡  ó√φñ ÿûΓ√ó√ô⌠ ≈±£≤ô⌠ óñ Ω∩Γ· ⌐√ñÆÑ Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ óñ »⌡≡ Æ√⌠ ±óÿÄì  ≈⌐ÿÄ ºô∩·ì ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ∞· ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ∞⌡ó∞ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ ±ⁿφúñÆ≤ó óñ ≈ô∩·Æ■  ÆÑ σ≥ ⌡ Æ≤ó⌡∙ ûºñ ±ⁿûñó ⌡ æÿ¬Å Üô≤º⌡Ñ Æß±ôδ ó≡ ñÆ ûô ≤ô∩·≈ô■  ₧Ñ⌠Æ≤φ√Ñ Æ⌐Γôñ¬Å û√ñ⌡⌠ ±ⁿñ√áÿÄ.  ·
óñ Æ√⌠ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ á⌡⌠á⌡Æñ ßûôº√ô⌠ ÿ¡Γ√ΘÄ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ⌐⌡∞ÿÄ ⌡ ÆΩÿóÆñ ºôûδ ñÆ ÆÑ óºÿÄ óÆó∙ û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ÜÑ ≤ô±ⁿ ûⁿÆßÿûôñ ÆÑ á∩Θô■ α∩≥ ù√⌐· ßûôºⁿ £√Ñ■ ûñ Ñûô≤°ô Üôñ■ ≤±ⁿ⌐ó.  Ñ±ô≥ Æ±⌡ñ ß±ε óñ óºÿÄ ó√∩±√ô⌠ û⌡ó ⌡ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ≈±£≤ô⌠ ûñ  ºñ√ñ ΩóñÿÄ ÿ∞√· Ñó∙ û⌡ó.  ≥
⌡■ ûΓó ÆÑ ⌐∞ºÿÄ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ûñ Θñ±ô≤ñ⌡Æ√ⁿ ±»∩δ ûµóÆóì ±ñ∞Ñ  ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ÿº∩» √ôΘÿÄ ⌡ ûô º√ôºÿÄ ⌡ Ñ√ñ∞ⁿ û· ñÿδ ⌡ Θÿδ Æ±⌡ñ ùñóÆáÿÄ.  ∞ôñ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· £≤ô⌠ ûôε φñΘÿÄ ∞· ₧ÿⁿ "Æ∩±»√Σ ∩∩·" á∩√Θ· ßûôºⁿ ñÆ ßÑ≡  ≤±⌡ó∙ ⌡ ΘñÑ≤ó¬Å "Æ∩»ô√Σ ∩∩·" ñÆ ûÜô■ Æ⌡ ≤⌐ô≤ó.  ┬
ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· óñ »⌡≡ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ù≤¢ ºô∩· á⌡ó ∞ôñ≈ô■ ±°±ⁿ Æ≤Üô≥  óÆó. ÆÑ Ωû√≡: ⌐°ñºôÑ■ ⌡ Ñ√ûôºôÑ■ ⌐°ñ≈ôì ºóºôÑ■ì ù≡ºôÑ■ì ÿΓ±√ñ  ù≡≈ô■ ⌐∞ºÿ·ì ε√ñ⌡ûⁿ ≤°ñ≈ôì ±ñ±ÿÄ ⌡√ñÆ≤√°ô■ ûÜô■ ±ô≤ó∙ ÆÑ æ⌐⌡û°ô ⌡  σ√ñ∙.  
≈±£≤√⌠ óºÿÄ û· ∞ôñ≈ôöⁿ Ñó ∞· ≤⌐ô⌠ ÆÑ ⌐√Γ· ó⌡ÆÑó∙ Æ±ô±ⁿ û⌡ó⌠  óÆñó ±ô≤≤ó: "≤⌡ºôÑ■ ⌡ ÿΓ±√ñÆÿÄ ∞∩ⁿ û≤ô■ ûôñφô∙ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π(  ⌡ Æ±ô≥ ₧º√⌠)π( ⌡ ÿΓ±√ñÆÿÄ Æ⌡ΩôΘÄ ûº√ôñ ⌡ Æ₧óÆÖÄ Ω≤ôÿÄ óñ ≤ÜΘÄ  Æ⌐ñΘÄì ⌡ óñ Ñ±ô⌠ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ±ñÆº≥ ß√ó σó√ñ ⌡ ñ⌡Ñ ßô⌐⌡ñÆ ₧ÿⁿ óñ ûµóÆóì ûô  ⌐∞⌡∙ ΘñÆ⌡Æ≤ⁿ ûñùô ±ⁿ⌐ó". P
Æ∩ûÿ· áó±ôÿÄ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ ⌡ ß±ñÆ≤ⁿ ⌡ ÿñ⌡√¢ ß∩≥ ⌡ óÆ≤¬Å ⌡ ûñùôöⁿ  ±ñÆ∞Ñ Θñ≈≤φⁿ ±≤₧½ñ û· ó⌡ñÆ⌠ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ≤û⌡ó û∩∞· Æ√≤φ⌡≤· ΘΓô∩√ÿ°ô ºñ∩⌡₧· ∞ôñ Æ∞Öñ ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ ⌐√Γ· ±ú≈ûÄ ó√∩±ⁿ û⌡ó∙ ⌡ óñ ∞≤ôñ Æ√⌠ ½ΘôÿÄ  ÆñÑ≤ó∙ì æ≡ û⌡√· óÆñÆ■ ½ΘôÿÄ Ñ⌐ÿⁿ ≈≥ û⌡ó≤ó ±ô≤≤ó: ß°ó⌐∞≤ⁿ ⌡ û· º⌡φ≤ó á⌡ó ⌡Θô ≤∞ñó⌠ ⌡ óñ ñÆ∙ ±≤ôΘΣ á⌡√¬Å ≈±· £√Ñ ñÆ Ñ√ñùô ≤°ôó⌠ ⌡  φô≈ⁿ º≤φó∩ⁿ. X
"á⌡ó ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ÜÑò º· º≤φó≡ Ωñ≤°ô■ º⌡≥ ⌡ £°ôñ≥ û₧ºôûÄ  ±ⁿæ±ó ⌡ ó⌡ÿô■ ó√φñ "±Γÿ¡ó" ⌡ "Ωô≈ñ" ÆÑ á∩Θô■ û≤ⁿ ßûô¿Å û⌡ó≤ó". "ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· óñ ₧ô∞±√ÿÄ á⌡ó ÆÑ ÿÑ "º√ôºÿÄ ùóñ ⌡ ±ôóñ  ≤±ⁿ⌐≤ôºó" ù√ñ⌡■ ±ⁿ∞ñó ∞· Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ ≤±⌡ó⌠ ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ó√φñÆ⌠ ⌡  ≈±£≤√⌠ ∞√≤·ÿ⌡Ñ■ óñ ±⌡ñó ∞√Θñ óÆó⌠ û· ±Üñ±√⌠ ±₧½⌡≡ Æ√⌠ ÿÑ ⌐⌡≥  ±ⁿûô⌐ó. Æ⌡ φô≈ⁿ óºÿ⌡ñ ±ⁿóÆó ±₧∞⌡≥ ñÆ óñ Ñ√ñ óºÿÄ ⌡ ùô■ ù√ε⌠  )ù√ε≤ⁿ ∞· ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ±≤α⌡ñ ÿñû√ÿÄ ∞ñó∙ û⌡ó≤ó( û√Θ∞≤≤óì ÆÑ Ü±∩· ±ñó■ û≤ô≥  ßûóÆ∩ΓÑ√Ñ ∞ñÆßⁿ ñÆ ∞· ≤ºûÿÄ û· Æ⌡ Ñûô⌠óñÆÑ■ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ φñ√áÿ· û⌡ó ûô  ∩»ô√ΘÄ Æ∩₧√≡ ûóºÿÄ æ⌡ñó ⌡ Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ Ñ√ñ óºÿÄ ⌡ ùô■ Θ√ε⌠ Æ≤óÆáÿÄ". º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌐ô≈ó Æ√⌠ ΘñÆÑ ⌡ ≤⌐√ûÄ≈ô■ ÿôñ√áⁿ û⌡ó ∞· ûôεáñ∙ ûΓó  ÆÑ ù≤Üºô≡ ⌡ ⌐¬Å ±ô∙ ⌡ £°ôñ ñ⌡Ñ º∩»≤ÿÄì ₧ô∞±√ÿÄ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· ûô ÿ±ô≥  á⌡û√°ô ⌡ ûó■≈ô ûºñæ±ó ⌡ "óñ ñ⌡Ñ ≈⌐ÿ≥ ±ô∙ ⌐⌡Æ≡ ºô≡ 273ì óñ º⌠  £°≡ ⌡ ≈ΘÿÄ ºô∩φⁿ û· û√±ôñ■ ½ñπì £⌐≥ ÆÑ ó≤√ô Θñ⌡ ûºÿÄ ⌡ óñ ₧ô≡  Æ₧ÿ¡ôñì ΘΩ» Æ√⌠ ó⌡ æ√· ûñ Ñûô≤¬Å Üñ√ô⌠ óÆ⌐ÿÄ:  ]
"±ô Æσ≤ⁿ ß≤ⁿ ±ô∩√·ì ≈∩∞Ä ß≤ⁿ º∩»ô≤√·". )±ô∩≥ º⌡ó■ ≤ûá⌐√ó ⌡ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ⌡ º∩»≤ÿÄ ÆÑ ±⌠ ÑÆ√≡ ⌐ó(.  ö
û≤ô û· ⌡½√ÿÄ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩· Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ ≤ÜΘÄ Æ⌐ñΘÄ óñ Ü⌡Æñ ±ñΩó ±»°ñ  Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( óΘ⌠ ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ Æ⌡ ≤áºÿ√⌠ ∞¿Å ÆÑ æ≡ û⌡√· û⌡ó ∞· óñ ≤ÜΘÄ Æ⌐ñΘÄ óΘ⌠ ⌐ó. 

 ]⌐⌡δ ó√óÆñ[
⌡ûΓó ÆÑ º∩»≤ÿÄ ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩·ì ½±½ô≥ Æ∩ó⌡∩· û· ΩóñÿÄ ñº√ó ⌡ ÿô  ñ±¡ô⌠ 673≈Üñ■ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ∞ñóì óñ Æ√⌠ ≈≤φô≥ ûñÆóñ¬Å ⌐ñΘÄ Æ∩ó⌡∩·  ∞· Æ≈⌡ÆÑ ñÆ óñ ÿ½ñΘÄ á⌡ó óÆ⌐ÿÄì ÆÑ ñÆ∙ ∞ñ±ô⌠ ßôÑ≥ ûµóÆó ⌐ó ÿô ûô σ∩û· ûñ  ½±½ô≥ Æ∩ó⌡∩· ±ñ∞Ñ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ñÆ û· Ñ√ñ º∩»· á⌡ó óñæ⌡ñó.  ¢
⌡■ óñ û√⌠ ñÆ∙ì ÿ±ô≥ Ñ≤óÆ≤√ô⌠ Ω∩Γ· ⌐√ñÆÑ ñÆ ∞· ÿ⌡º» ùóñ¬Å  )ß¡óÆ∩ó⌡∩·( Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó≤ó ÆÑ û≤ó ÆºôñÿÄ ñ≈ô≤√ó ⌡ û· ≈±ñÆ∙ á⌡ó û·  ûµóÆó ûñó. Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ùóñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ æÑÆó⌐óφô⌠ û⌡ó.  ûΓó ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ Æ√⌠ áûñ ±ºñÿÄ ûá¬Å º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ ûñÆóñ ûÑñφ⌡Æñ¬Å  º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ûñÆ■ ó√óÆñ ùóñ ∩₧α·⌐±ôñ■ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ÿô ûô ≤αôñ∙ º√±ô■  ÿôû≤ô∞Ä ùóñì ó√óφô≤⌐ô⌠ ñ⌡⌐⌠ φñóó.  ûΓó ÆÑ ≈ΘÿÄ ºô≡ Æ≤ÿαôñ Üô≤∞ô∙ ⌡ σ≥ ⌡ Æ≤ó⌡∙ ÿ⌡╛≥ ûô ûôñÆ⌠ Æ⌐∞Ä  ΘñÆδì ºñÆ≤Üô≥ ∩₧α· ±⌡ß⌡ó ΘñÆ ñº√ó ⌡ ±ô∙ ßô∩±ÿôûÄ û· Ü±Σ ºÿôñφô≤¬Å  ù√⌡ºÿÄ ⌡ ûô ₧¡⌡ñ á⌡ó æº±ô⌠ Ñ≤óφⁿ æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ Ü∩⌡∙Æ■ ó√φñ ûá⌐√ó  ºñ⌡ñ ⌡ ⌐ôó■ ⌡½ΘÄ ≤ôùú√ñ■ ÿ±ô≥ ⌡Ü⌡ó º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ΘñÆφñΘÿ· û⌡óì ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ ⌐⌡ñ ó√óÆñì ú⌡δ ∩»√ΘÄ ⌡■ ñÆ û₧ñ∞ÿÄ óñæ⌡ñó ⌡ º√≡ ±óƒ ⌡  ÿ°≤√ÿÄ û· ùóñ ñÆ ≈±ñÆ∙ º√≡ ó√óφô≤¬Å ñ⌡Æ⌠ ºôáÿÄ:  "Æ√⌠ ñ⌡Ñ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ó∩°ô ûó√óφô⌠ ⌐ôóûô¬Å ⌡ ±ûôñ∞Ä ûôó ±ⁿφ⌡√≤óì  ùóñ ÿ⌡ óñ ⌐°ñ û√φô≤φô⌠ ñΘÿⁿì æñ■: ⌐√ñ óñ ≈ñÜô ∞· ñ⌡ó σñ√ûÄ ÆºÿÄ. ≈ñ £≤ó ù≤Ü· ±ñφÄ óÆ±ô⌠ ÿ⌡ ñÆ ≤φñΘÿÄì Æ±ô ΘñÆδ ⌡ ≈ÜñÆ≤ⁿ û⌡ó ∞·  φñ√ûô⌠≈ô ûñ ÆÖñ æ⌠ £ô∞Ä φñó√ó.  π
ñ⌡Ñφôñ Ñ±ô≥ á⌡ó ñÆ û· ÿ⌡ ºùñó ⌡ Θñ±ô⌠ ÿ⌡ ñÆ ùú√ñΘÿÄ. ⌡∩ⁿ ó⌡ºÿÄ  ß½√ô⌠ ⌡ñÑ√ó ⌡ ≤ôΘñ±ô≤ⁿ ∞ñó.  ÿ⌡ óñ ⌡ΩÿÄ ñΘÿ⌠ ±ô ñÆ û· ½ûñ ⌡ ⌐∞√ûô√ⁿ óß⌡ÿÄ ∞ñó■ì óñ√µô ∞·  ½ûñ û· ºñßÿⁿ ≈ñ£· ÿ±ô≥ÿñ ÆÑ ±≤Ñ≡ ó≡ ñáÿÄ ûñûºÿÄ ⌡ ûñΘÿÄ ⌡ ûôÑ  ≤φñó√ó.  Ω
ùóñ Üô⌠ æ±ó≤ÿÄ ≈±£⌡⌠ æ±ó⌠ Æûñ■ ÆºÿÄ ûñ ºñÑ±√⌠ á⌐∞ⁿ ∞·  ÿ⌐≤· ûôñÆ⌠ ÆºÿÄ".  º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûô ºñ⌡ó⌠ Æ√⌠ Æ⌐Γôñ ±Ωó≥ ùóñ ñÆ φñÆ±ⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. Æû⌡Æ₧±ó  ûΓ≤⌡Æ⌠ ÿ⌐⌡√δì á⌡ÆºÿÄ Üô√Ñ∙Æ■ ûó≈ó ⌡∩ⁿ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ Ωû⌡≡ ≤∞ñó ⌡ φΘÿÄ:  ùóñ Üô⌠! £⌡⌠ Æ√⌠ Üô√Ñ∙ ûáô»ñ ⌐Γñ≥ ±ⁿûô⌐ó ÆÑ Ωû⌡≡ æ⌠ ±Γú⌡ñ≥.  Æ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠ ûáô»ñ ÜûñÆ⌠ ±₧ûÿÄ ⌐ñΘÄ Æ∩ó⌡∩·ì Ω½√ó∙Æ■ óñ  ±ó₧¬Å ºñ⌡ó ⌡ û· óñûôñ Θñºÿôó ∞· ≈±√⌠ Ωóñ⌐≤ôºⁿ º√ó ûôßÖÄ ⌐ó ∞· ó⌡∩ÿÄ æ≡ û⌡√· ûô Æ⌡ Æñÿûô» ≤√∞⌡√ⁿ ûñΩñÆñ ∞≤≤ó ⌡ ÿ±ô≥ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ≈ô ⌡ Æ±ε∞Ä ±½ôóñ∙ ⌐ó∙ Æû⌡Æ₧±ó ñÆ ûá⌡ó¬Å ûôÑφñóÆ≤≤ó. Ü
æ≤£· óñ Æ√⌠ Üñ√ô⌠ ±₧≡ ÿô±≡ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óΩÿÄì Æ√⌠ ∞· Ωû⌡≡ ≤∞ñó⌠ ≈ó√· ÆÑ Üô≤ûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≤· ûáô»ñ ÿ∞ûñ ⌡ á⌡óá⌡Æ≈ⁿì û∩∞· û°ô≤·Æ■ ûñÆ■ ñó ½∩· ⌡ Æ≤Γô≥ ºñó±óÆñÆ⌠ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ û⌡ó. Æ⌡ ûô º√ôºÿÄ ⌡ ΘñÆºÿÄ óñ√ôΘÿÄ ∞· ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ±≤½ûô⌠ óñ½óó ≈ºÿ≤óì ûô Ωû⌡ε≤ó⌠ Ü⌡Æ√Ñ ⌡ ≈óÆ√ôì á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ Æ≤ÿΩôóÆÿÄ Æ⌡ ñ≈ô ºôÑ≤óì σôΘ≡ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûô ñó Üô√Ñ∙ ùóñ ⌡∩⌡ óñ αô≈ñì æñÑ⌡■ ù∩√ó æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ûñ ó∩⌐ô⌠ ≤⌐ô≤ó ⌡ Æ±√ó⌐ô⌠ ñÆ û· √ô¿Å ±ûó≡ ºôáÿÄ. ][
THelpTopicT ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█    ±≤ô½ûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ    █╨
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 ]≤ΩôûÿÄ[
≤ΩôûÿÄ √Γ≤ⁿ ºñùñºÿⁿ ±ñóÆ⌠ ⌡ Ñ≤ô≤ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ ≤º≡ ₧¡ñÿÄ Æû⌡»ô∩ûÄ  ùóñ Æ±ô≥ ß∩ⁿ)π( û⌡ó≤ó ⌡ Æ√⌠ ±≤½ûÄ ñÆ "≤ΩôûÿÄ »ô∩û√ô⌠" ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó≤ó.  Æ√⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ûáô»ñ ₧Θα ⌡ ≤φ°óÆñ■ ⌐ñÆΘÿÄ ₧ºûÄ ⌡ ≤ºûÄ  áô≤óÆ⌠ »ô∩û√ô⌠ ÿôº√¿Å ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ÿô ÆÑ ûñá⌡ñó ⌡ óñφ√ñ■ ûô ÆΘñÆó ùºÿÄ ⌡  Θñ⌡±ô√· óñ Æ±ô⌠ ûô⌐≤ó.  C
⌐á¼Å "≤Ω√ûÄ" ù≤¢ ⌡α√Θ· ±°≥ ñÆ ûΓ°ó∙ ±ⁿφñΘÿÄ ∞· ßûôñÿÄ û⌡ó≤ó  ÆÑ:  W
1- Æφñ ±√ô⌠ ºôóÆÿÄ ≤ÑÆπ ⌡ óñφ√ñ■ ù√¬Å ±ⁿæ±ó óÆ⌡ñ■ ⌡ ½ó⌡ñ  ₧∞≥ ≤°ô√ⁿ ûΓ°ó∙ ≤Ω√ûÄ û⌡ó.  4
2- ºñùñºÿⁿ Æ±⌡Æ≡ ⌡ Æ±ε∞Ä √ÿ√±ô⌠ ñÆ óñ óºÿÄ ûφ√ñó.  G
3- Æφñ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ºôóÆÿÄ Üñ±ⁿ ±ñÿ∞ûÄ ⌐óì ÆÜñÆ■ ∞√Θñ¬Å ûΓ°ó∙  ≤Ω√ûÄ ûô⌐ó.  R
4- ûô√ó óáÿñÆ⌠ ⌡ Ñ≤ô⌠ ûⁿºñùñºÿÄ ºôóÆÿÄ ñÆ ⌐⌡≈ñ ó≈ó ⌡ û· ∞ôñ  æ≤°ô ñº√óφⁿ ≤±ô√ó.  n
5- ±ñÆΩûÿÄ ÆÑ ó√⌡Æ≤φô⌠ æ≤°ô ⌡ ∞ºô≤ⁿ ∞· ≤√ôÑ û· ºñùñºÿⁿ óÆñ≤ó. ûô ÆÜñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ù≤¢ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ≤ΩôûÿÄ ß±⌡±ⁿ ⌡ ∞∩ⁿ ₧ô½≡ ±ⁿφ⌐ÿÄ û°±√⌠ áô»ñ ±ⁿûô√ºÿÄ ≤Ω√ûÄ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó■ ±Üÿ°ó ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ñ╛■ ûô⌐ó ÿô  ₧∞≥ Æ⌡ ½₧√ƒ ⌡ Ω¡ô⌡ÿ¬Å ≤ôΘú ûô⌐ó.  ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤Üô ∞· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ±ñó■ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ⌡ ±ó√ñ ⌡ ±óûñ ⌡ æφô∙ û·  Ñ±ô⌠ ⌡ ±ºôö≡ ñ⌡Ñ±ñ∙ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ û⌡ó Æ√⌠ ±Ωô≥ ßô∩ⁿ ⌡ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ á»√ñ û·  Æ√⌐ô⌠ ⌡ÆφúÆñ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó.  

 ]ßô∩√ÿñ√⌠ ±Ωô≥ Ω¡ôöⁿ[
 º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ≈±Ñ±ô⌠ ûô ±≤½ûÄ ≤ΩôûÿÄì ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ûÑñφÄ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥  ñÆ ≈≥ ûΓ°ó∙ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ñÆ Æ±ñ⌡Ñ∙ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ßô∩ⁿ ∞⌐⌡ñ ±ⁿ≤ô±≤ó ⌡  ºñùñºÿÄ æ⌠ ≈±ñó√ΘÄ ßô∩√ÿñ√⌠ ±Ωô≥ Ω¡ôöⁿ ∞⌐⌡ñ Æ±ñ⌡Ñ■ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ⌡  ∞ºⁿ ∞· ñ√ôºÿÄ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ñÆ ûΓ°ó∙ ±ⁿφñΘÿÄì ≈≥ ⌡αô√ΘÄ Ω⌡∙ Ω¡ôö√·  ⌡ ≈≥ Ω⌡∙ ±Üñ√· ñÆ Æ≤Üô≥ ±ⁿóÆó.  

ß∩ÿÄ û⌡Ü⌡ó æ±ó⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ Æ√⌠ û⌡ó ∞· ÿ±ô≥ ⌐°ñ≈ô■  ÿ₧ÿÄ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ á∩Θô■ ßûôºⁿ óÆñÆ■ ÿ⌐∞√εÿÄ Ω¡ôöⁿ û⌡ó≤ó ∞· û·  ⌐∞ô√ôÿÄ ±ñó≥ ñº√óφⁿ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ óñ ñ╛¿Å æ⌠ √∞Ä Ωô¡ⁿ ⌡Ü⌡ó óÆ⌐ÿÄ  ÿô Æ₧∞ô≥ εÑ±· ñÆ ½ôóñ ∞≤óì ûµ√ñ Æ√⌠ ±₧ô∞≥ ±₧∩ⁿ óñ ⌐°ñ≈ô■ ûÑñφÄ ⌡  ≈±£≤√⌠ óñ ñ╛¿Å £≤ó√⌠ ⌐°ñ ∞⌡£∞Ä Ωô¡ⁿ Æ∩Ω¡ô┤ ΩñÆñ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞·  ½ó⌡ñ ₧∞≥ ùñ⌡≤ó∙≈ô■ ±°≥ ûΓ°ó∙ æ≤°ô ⌡ÆφúÆñ ±ⁿ⌐ó. ⌡∩ⁿ ûΓ¡ⁿ  Æ⌡ΩôÿÄ ùñ⌡≤ó∙≈ôöⁿ ù√¬Å ±ⁿæ±ó ∞· ₧≡ ⌡ Θ½≡ æ⌠ ÆÑ ß°ó∙ ≈±· áôñ¢  û⌡ó û°±√⌠ áô»ñ Æ√≤φ⌡≤· ùñ⌡≤ó∙≈ô ñÆ û· ±ñ∞Ñ áεΘÿÄ ÆñÜôπ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ÿô á∩√Θ· ⌡ΩÿÄ ₧∞≥ ≤°ô√ⁿ ñÆ ½ôóñ ∞≤ó.  ä
á∩Θô ≈≥ √ô á⌡ó⌐ô⌠ ñº√óφⁿ ⌡ ₧∞≥ ½ôóñ ±ⁿ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ √ô ±Üÿ°ó  ûÑñφⁿ ñÆ û· ºñùñºÿⁿ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ûñ±ⁿφÑ√ó≤ó ∞· ûÜô■ æ≤ô⌠ Æ√Θôò ⌡α√Θ·  ∞≤ó.  v
ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ ûñÆ■ Æ₧ñÆÑ ±Ωô≥ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ßε⌡∙ ûñ ÆÜÿ°ôó ⌡ ÿá½¼Å  ∞ôΘⁿ óñ ±ºôö≡ ΘΩ°ⁿì ûô√ó Θñó óÆñÆ■ ⌐á½√ÿⁿ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿì ûô ≤Θ⌡úì æφô∙ û·  Ñ±ô⌠ì ùñ ≈√ûÿÄì ùô∞óÆ±⌠ ⌡ Ωô≤Σ ⌡ ùôñºô ±ⁿû⌡ó.  ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤Üô ∞· ≤ôûµ· Ñ±ô⌠ ⌡ ≤ôóñ∙ ó⌡ñÆ⌠ì º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÿ±ô≥ Æ√⌠ Æ⌡½ôΘÄ  ⌡ ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ûñÜºÿ· ñÆ óÆñÆ û⌡óì óñ º≤√⌠ Ü⌡Æ≤ⁿ ÆÑ »ñΘÄ á∩Θô û·  ºñùñºÿⁿ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ±≤½⌡ûÄ ⌐ó. ⌡ ûá⌡ûⁿ ÆÑ ß°ó∙ ÿ±ô≥ ⌡αô√Θ¬Å  ûñæ±ó.  

 ]ºñùñºÿⁿ ₧Üô¢ )Æ±√ñ Æ∩₧ô¢([
`ßε±· ûÑñφ⌡Æñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ û°ÿñ√⌠ Æ√ô≥ Ü⌡Æ≤ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ ½ñΘÄ áó±ÿÄ  û· ±ñó≥ ±ⁿ∞ñó ⌡ óñ Æ≤Üô≥ ΘΓô∩√ÿ°ô■ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ º±û≡ Æ√Öôñ ⌡ ΘóÆ∞ôñ■ û⌡ó.  φ⌡√ô ∩ΩûÄ "ñ¡ⁿ" ≈≥ ûáô»ñ áó±ôÿÄ ⌐ô√ºÿ·Æ¬Å û· Æ⌡ Æß»ô ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. Æ⌡  ∞· Æº±¬Å "±₧±ó" û⌡ó ûáô»ñ ₧º⌠ Æ≤Üô≥ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿ°ô■ ±₧⌡∩·ì ÆÑ ≤ô₧√·  ±ñó≥ ⌡ ùôó⌐ô≈ô⌠ æ≡ û⌡√· ∞· û· ñ√ôºÿÄ º√óì ñ¡ô√ÿÄ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡■ ñÆ û·  "⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ" ±∩ΩûÄ ºôáÿ≤ó.  T
ÆÑ Ü±∩· ùºÿÄ≈ô■ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì ºñùñºÿⁿ ÑÆöñÆ⌠ áô≤· áóÆ û⌡ó. ⌡ ÿ±ô≥ ∞ôñ≈ô■ ûñùô√ⁿ ∞≤φñ∙ ßα√≥ ₧¢ ûΓ°ó∙ Æ⌡ φúÆ⌐ÿ· ⌐ó∙ û⌡óì ±ºö⌡∩√ÿⁿ ∞· Æ±ñ⌡Ñ∙ ≤· √∞Ä ≤Θñ ⌡ ó⌡ ≤Θñ ⌡ ½ó ≤Θñ û∩∞· ºôÑ±ô≤°ô■ φºÿñó∙ ⌡  ÿ⌐∞√εÿÄ ⌡º√Γⁿ û≤ô≥ "ºôÑ±ô⌠ ₧¢ ⌡ Ñ√ôñÿÄ" Ü°ÿÄ ÆóÆñ∙ æ⌠ Æ≤Üô≥  ⌡α√Θ· ±ⁿ∞≤≤ó. ⌡ ó⌡ ûá¬Å ±°≥ ûΓÖ·■ ±Ωô≥ ±Γα≥ ñ≈ûñ■ ⌡ ºÿôó ₧¢ óñ  ûñφÑÆñ■ æ⌠ ±⌐ôñ∞ÿÄ óÆñ≤ó.  
ºñùñºÿⁿ ₧Üô¢ ≈≥ ±Ö≡ ≤ΩôûÿÄ ⌡ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ±αô∩≥ ÆÑ ⌐ñÆ√» º≤φ√⌠ ⌡  ó⌐⌡Æñ■ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ û⌡ó ∞· ûÜÑ ÆΘñÆó Æ≤φ⌐ÿÄ⌐±ôñ óÆñÆ ≤û⌡ó≤ó. ⌡ ⌡αô√ΘÄ  ºáÿⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· ÆÑ ß°ó∙ ≈±φô⌠ ûñ≤±ⁿæ±ó Ñ√ñÆ Æ√⌠ ∞ôñ û· º√ôºÿÄ Ω⌡■ì  ∞ôñóÆ≤ⁿì ∞Θô√ÿÄì ±ó√ñ√ÿÄ ½₧√ƒì æφô≈ⁿ û· ÜµñÆΘ√ô■ ±≤»Ω·ì æ⌐≤ôöⁿ û·  Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ñº⌡≥ ±∩ÿÄ≈ô ⌡ óñ ñ╛¿Å ≈±· ±Ωô≥ ÆÜÿ°ôó ⌡ ΘΩô≈ÿÄì ≤√ôÑ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ⌡ ±ºö⌡≡ æ⌠ ±ⁿûô√ºÿÄì ±Üÿ°ó■ ªñΘÄ≤φñ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ≤αñ ûô⌐ó ⌡  ÆÑ ⌐ÜôßÿÄ ⌡ ±ó√ñ√ÿÄ ½₧√₧ⁿ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ ûô⌐ó ÿô ûÿ⌡Æ≤ó ÆÑ ß°ó∙ ⌡αô√ΘÄ  ºñùñºÿⁿ ûñæ√ó. ⌡ óñ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñÆ■ Æ₧ñÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±ºö⌡∩√ÿÄ  º≤φ√⌠ì ⌐ô√ºÿ·ÿñ√⌠ Θñó û⌡ó.  ⌠
⌡ Æ√⌠ ÆÑ ÆΘÿáôñÆÿÄ ûÑñφÄ ⌐√Γ√ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ ºô≡ 973 ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ æ⌠  ≈±· ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ûÑñφô⌠ ⌡ ½ô₧ûÄ ≤αñÆ⌠ Æ≈≡ º≤ÿÄì óÆ≤⌐±≤ó Ü⌡Æ⌠ ⌐√Γⁿ  ûñÆ■ Æ≤Üô≥ ±≤ôº∞Ä ₧¢ Æ≤ÿáôûÄ ⌐ó æ≤°≥ óñ ß°ó á∩√Θ· º≤ⁿ ±ú≈ûÄ.  º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûô º√ôºÿÄ ⌡ ∞√ôºÿÄ áô¼Å á⌡óì Æ√⌠ ÆΘÿáôñ ûÑñφÄ ñÆ ûñÆ■ ó⌡ºÿóÆñÆ⌠ Æ≈≡û√ÿÄ)π( ∞ºûÄ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ £· ±≤αñ∙ Ñ√ûô ⌡ ó∩≤⌐√≤ⁿ û⌡ó  ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· ⌐ô√ó ûñÆ■ Æ⌡∩√⌠ ûôñì ⌐ôφñó■ ÆÑ ±∞ÿûÄ ÜΓΘñ■ ûô Ωó±°ô■ ùñ ½εûÿÄ ₧√óñ■ óñ ±√ô⌠ Æ≤û⌡∙ ßô∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ûÑñφô⌠ û»ñΘÄ ±ºÜó Æ∩₧ñÆ≥  Ωó≥ ûñ±ⁿóÆ⌐ÿÄ ÿô óñ ∞≤ôñ ±½ε■ ÆûñÆ≈√≥)π( ≤±ôÑ ß⌐δ ûÜô æ⌡ñó. 



 
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 ║█    ⌡ΘôÿÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ⌡ Æ≤ÿΩô≡ Üºó ±ûôñ∞Ä ⌡■ û· ∞ñûε    █╨
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 ]σñ⌡ûⁿ ≤ôû°≤φô≥[
2æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñ ⌐°ñ ûµóÆó óñ ÿûÄ ⌡ ÿôûÄ ⌡ ≈√Üô⌠ û⌡ó. ≤φô≈°ô■ ≤φñÆ⌠ ⌡ ±Γ≤ⁿóÆñ ±ñó≥ì ₧ô∞ⁿ ÆÑ Æ¡»ñÆûⁿ û⌡ó ∞· óñ óñ⌡≤⌐ô⌠ £≤φÄ Æ≤óÆáÿ· û⌡ó. ⌡ ûⁿΩñÆñ⌐ô⌠ ±ⁿ∞ñó Æ≤φôñ ÆÿΘôδ ÿ∩í ⌡ ≤ôφ⌡Æñ■ ÆΘÿôó∙ û⌡ó ∞· ∞ºⁿ ≤±ⁿá⌡ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ºÿÄ ûô⌡ñ ∞≤óì ≈ñφÑ û· ú≈⌠ ∞ºⁿ ≤±ⁿñº√ó ∞· û· Æ√⌠ Ñ⌡ó■ ⌐ô≈ó £≤√⌠ ₧ôóÖ· σ≥Æ≤φ√Ñ ⌡ Üô≤º⌡Ñ■ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó... 
Æ±ô ≈ñ £· û⌡óì ÿ±ô≥ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ó√φñ φñ√Ñ■ ÆÑ ùú√ñΘÿ⌠ æ⌠ ≤û⌡ó. ≈ñ ∞¿Å û· ∞ºⁿ ±ⁿñº√óì æñÆ≥ ⌡ ≤ôûô⌡ñÆ≤· ±ⁿφΘÿÄ: ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óñφú⌐ÿÄì "Æ≤ô ∩∩· ⌡ Æ≤ô Æ∩√· ñÆÜΓ⌡⌠" º√ó ñ¡ⁿ óñ ±ô∙ ±₧ñ≥ ºô≡ 604 û· º⌠ £°≡ ⌡ ≈ΘÿÄ ºô∩φⁿ £⌐≥ ÆÑ Ü°ô⌠ Θñ⌡ûºÿÄ ⌡ Ü°ô⌠ ß∩≥ ⌡ ÿ⌐√Σ ñÆ óñ σ≥ ⌡ ±ôÿ≥ Θñ⌡ ûñó... ╞
º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ Æºÿ⌡Æ≤· ß∩≥ ⌡ ÿΩ⌡Æ ⌡ º√ôºÿÄì ÆÑ óñφú⌐ÿÄ ±ñ±⌡Ñ ⌡ ≤ôφ°ô≤ⁿ ûñÆóñ¬Åì £≤ô⌠ ±ÿôÖñ ⌡ ±ÿôºΘÄ ⌐ó ∞· ÿôûÄ ó√ó⌠ Ü≤ôÑ∙ Æ⌡ ñÆ ≤√ô⌡ñó ⌡ ÆÑ ⌐óÿÄ ₧Ñ⌠ ⌡ Æ≤ó⌡∙ û· ₧ñ≥ ±Ωó¿Å ∞ôα±√⌠ "ß∩√°±ô Æ∩ºε≥" ù≤ô∙ ûñó. 
Æ≤û⌡∙ ±ñó≥ Ü≤ôÑ∙ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ñÆ ÿ⌐√√Σ ∞ñó≤ó. ⌡ ΘáñÆ∩±∩∞Ä ⌡Ñ√ñ ûñ Ü≤ôÑ∙ Æ⌡ ≤±ôÑ á⌡Æ≤ó. ⌡ ù√∞ñ ùô∞¬Å ñÆ óñ áô≤· á⌡óì ∞≤ôñ ±ºÜó Æ≤ûôñ û√⌠ ∞ñí ûµóÆóì óΘ⌠ ≤±⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ûΓóÆ û· ₧ñ≥ Æ±ô≥ ₧º√⌠ )π( ±≤ÿΩ≡ ∞ñó≤ó. ºù¿Å ΘáñÆ∩±∩∞Ä û· ∞ôα±√⌠ ñΘÿÄ ⌡ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ñÆ û· áô≤· ûôÑφñóÆ≤√ó. 

 ]±ñÖ√· ΘñÆδ[
ûⁿ⌐∞Ä σ≥ ΘñÆδ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ûñÆóñ¬Å º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ û¿Å º≤φ√⌠ û⌡óì ÿ≤°ô ⌡ óÆσó√ó∙ ºñ û· ÑÆ≤⌡■ σ≥ ≤°ôó∙ û⌡ó ⌡ æ∙ Üô≤º⌡Ñ ÆÑ ó≡ æÿ⌐√⌠ ûñ±ⁿ∞⌐√ó ⌡ ±ñÖ√· ΘñÆδ ±ⁿºñ⌡ó: - Æ■ √ôñÆ⌠! óÆó ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ΘôÜΓ· ≤ôφ⌡Æñ ∞· ûôÑ⌡■ ±ñÆ ⌐∞ºÿÄì ∞ô¬Å Üô⌠ ±ñÆ ≈≥ ±ⁿφñΘÿÄ. - ù√⌡ºÿ· û√±≤ô∞Ä ⌡ ûñ₧úñ û⌡ó≥ì ÿô Æ√⌠ ∞· óñ ñº√óì ⌡ ⌐ñ≤φÄ ±½√ûÿÄ óñ ∞ô≥ ±⌠ ñ√áÿÄ. - £≤ó■ Æ∩ÿ±ô¿Å ∞ñó≥ ⌡ ±°∩ÿÄ á⌡Æºÿ≥ì æáñ ≈Ü⌡≥ æ⌡ñó ⌡ û· ₧ô≡ ÑÆñ≥ ≤≤φñ√ºÿÄ. - ±φ⌡√√ó ÆÑ £· º√εûÄ Æ⌐∞¬Å ñ⌡Æ⌠ ≤√ºÿÄî Æ⌐∞Ä ñÆ ≈≥£⌡⌠ ûáÿÄ ≤ô±ºôßó ºñûôñ■ ≤√ºÿÄ. - áóÆ ñÆì ûñ Æ√⌠ ß±ñ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ⌡ ÿôû≤ô∞Ä! ⌡ £· ß±ñ≈ô ∞· óñÆÑ û⌡ó ⌡ ≤ôùô∞Ä. 



 
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 ║█    º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ≤φô∙ ó√φñÆ⌠    █╨
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 ]ÆÑ ó√óφô∙ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ Æ≈≡ ÿº≤⌠[
╠ù√ñ⌡Æ⌠ ≈ñ ±ú≈ûÄ ⌡ ±∞ÿûⁿ óñ ±Ωôû≡ ß∩±ô ⌡ ûÑñφô⌠ æ√√⌠ á⌡ó ∞±ñ û· á¡⌡π ⌐∞ºÿ·ì Ñûô⌠ û· ±óƒ ⌡ Ö≤ô ±ⁿφ⌐ô√≤ó ⌡ ≈±⌡Æñ∙ óñ ÿε⌐≤ó ÿô ûô Ñ≤ó∙ ≤φ·óÆ⌐ÿ⌠ ≤ô≥ ⌡ √ôó æ≤ô⌠ì û· Æ½ô∩ÿÄ ±ú≈û⌐ô⌠ ÆΘÿáôñ ≤±ô√≤ó ⌡ ûñ æ⌠ ûûô∩≤ó. à
ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ñ⌡ φ⌡√≤óφô⌠ ºΓⁿ óñ û√ô⌠ Æ⌡½ôΘÄ ùº≤ó√ó∙ ⌡ ∞±ôεÿÄ ≤Θºô≤ⁿ æ≤°ô ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ ≤⌡√º≤óφô⌠ óñ ñÆ∙ ≤⌐ñ Θ¡√∩ÿÄ≈ô■ æ≤ô⌠ Ω∩≥Θñºô√ⁿ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó. 3
⌡∩ⁿ ≈ºÿ≤ó ∞ºô≤ⁿ ≈±£⌡⌠ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ≤ô≥æ⌡ñ ÿ⌐√Σ ⌡ ≤ôûµ· Ωñ⌠ £°ôñ≥ì º√ó ⌡Æε±Ωô≥ "⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ" ∞· ÆÑ ≤αñ ±Ωô±ôÿÄ ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ Θ¡√∩ÿÄ≈ô■ ÆñÑ⌐±≤ó ÆáεΩⁿì Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ ⌡ ±ÿô≤ÿÄ ≤Θ¿Åì φ⌡■ ºûΩÿÄ ÆÑ ó√φñÆ⌠ ñû⌡ó∙Æ≤ó ÿô ûóÆ⌠ ₧ó ∞· áô¼Å ⌡ ßô≥ì ó⌡ºÿÄ ⌡ ó⌐±⌠ì ßô∩≥ ⌡ ßô±ⁿì ûó√ó∙ Æ₧ÿñÆ≥ û· æ≤ô⌠ ≤φñ√ºÿ· ⌡ Ñûô⌠ û· ÿΓñ√ΘÄ ⌡ ÿ±Ü√ó⌐ô⌠ φ⌐⌡ó∙Æ≤ó. s
º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ûÑñφô⌠ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ⌡ ûÑñφô⌠ Æ≈≡ º≤ÿÄì óñ ûôñ∙ ßα±ÿÄ ≈±√⌐· óñá⌐ô⌠ ⌡■ ºá≤ô⌠ Üô∩ûÄ ÿ⌡Ü°ⁿ óÆñ≤ó. )
ßûóÆ∩±∩∞Ä ÖΓô∩ûⁿì ⌐ôßñ ±Γô½ñ º√ó ñ¡ⁿì óñ ∞ÿôûÄ ÿ₧Ω√Ωⁿ ⌡ Æóûⁿ á⌡√¬Å "√ÿ√±╡Æ∩ó≈ñ" óñ ⌡½ΘÄ º√ó ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "ÿôÑ∙ ⌡Æñó ó∙ ºô∩φⁿ ⌐ó∙ û⌡ó ∞· û· ºñ⌡ó⌠ ⌐Γñ ùñóÆáÿÄ. Æ⌡ Æ±ñ⌡Ñ ºñæ±ó ⌐ΓñÆ■ ß½ñ ±ô ⌡ ≤Ü√ûÄÿñ√⌠ ºñ⌡ñÆ⌠ ßñÆδ ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ⌐ñÆΘÿÄ ≤ºûÄì ⌡ ÆΘÿáôñ ₧ºûÄì ⌡ Æóûⁿ αô≈ñ ⌡ Θ¡∩ⁿ ûô≈ñ ⌡ á⌡ó óÆñÆ■ ≈±· á⌡û√°ô ÆºÿÄ". C
á»√ûÄ ûµóÆó■ óñ ∞ÿôû¬Å ±⌡º⌡≥ û· "ÿôñ√í ûµóÆó" ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: "... ⌡■ ûñÆóñ Æû⌡Æ∩Ωôº≥ ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û· ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ÆÑ Æ≈≡ Θ¡≡ ⌡ ÆóûÄ ⌡ ß∩≥ û⌡ó. Æ₧±ó û⌠ ñ⌡ƒ ≤Ω≡ ±ⁿ∞ñó ∞· ñ¡ⁿ ⌡Ωÿⁿ ùô û· º⌠ φúÆ⌐ÿÄì û· æ±⌡áÿ⌠ Ωñæ⌠ ùñóÆáÿÄ ⌡ óñ Æ≤ó∞Ä ±óÿⁿì ÿ±ô≥ Ωñæ⌠ ñÆ ₧Θα ∞ñó. ⌡ ≈≥ Æ⌡ ±ⁿφΘÿÄ: ñ¡ⁿ ∞ÿôûÄ≈ô√ⁿ óñ ±Γô≤ⁿ Ωñæ⌠ ≤φô⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ô≤≤ó æ⌠ ∞±ÿñ √ôΘÿÄ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó. 
Æû⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩₧ó√ó ±ΓÿÑ∩ⁿ ±óÆ√≤ⁿ óñ ±Ωó±· Ü∩ó Æ⌡≡ ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· £≤√⌠ ±ⁿ≤φôñó: "ÆÑ ≈√¥ ∞¿Å ½∩· ⌡ Üô√Ñ∙ Ωû⌡≡ ≤∞ñóì ₧ÿⁿ Üô√Ñ∙ ùóñ¬Å ñÆ ≤ùú√ñΘÿÄ! ≈±√⌠ ±Γ≤ⁿ ûñÆ■ ùⁿ ûñó⌠ û· ⌐ñÆΘÿÄ ≤Θ¿Å Æ⌡ ∞ôΘⁿ ÆºÿÄ. ºε»√⌠ æ≡ û⌡√· ºΓⁿ û∩√Φ ≤±⌡ó≤ó ÿô ß»ô≈ô■ æ≤°ô ñÆ ûùú√ñóì ⌡∩ⁿ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ Ωû⌡≡ ≤∞ñó. Æ⌡ ÆΘ∞ôñ■ ûº√ôñ ûÑñφÄ ⌡ ßô∩ⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ∞· ù√⌡ºÿ· Æ⌡ ñÆ û· ≈√Üô⌠ ±ⁿæ⌡ñó ⌡ óñ Æ⌐Γôñ á⌡ó û· ≤α≥ ±ⁿ∞⌐√ó. ⌡∩ⁿ ûñÆ■ ß±∩ⁿ ºôáÿ⌠ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ ±≤ôºûÄ ûóºÿÄ ≤√ô⌡ñó. û≤ôûñÆ√⌠ ù√⌡ºÿ· óñ Æ≤ó√⌐· Ω√ô≥ ±ⁿº⌡áÿÄ ⌡ ±ⁿºôáÿÄ ⌡ óñ Æ√⌠ æñÑ⌡ Ñ√ºÿÄ ⌡ ñí óñ ≤ΩôûÄ áô∞Ä ∞⌐√ó ⌡ ñΘÿÄ. °
Æû⌡Æ∩Θñ¢ Æû⌠ Ü⌡Ñ■ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩±≤ÿα≥" á⌡√¬Å æ⌡ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ: "ù¿Å ÆÑ æ⌠ û· ºⁿ ºô∩φⁿ ñº√óì óñ Æ≤ó∞Ä ±óÿⁿ Ωñæ⌠ ñÆ ₧Θα ∞ñó ⌡ ÆÑ ß∩≥ ΘΩ· ⌡ Æ₧∞ô≥ ó√≤ⁿ û°ñ∙Æ■ ∞ôΘⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ. Æ⌡ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó■ Θô¡≡ì ⌐ôßñì ≤⌡√º≤ó∙ì ⌡ ±ñó■ ùô∞Ä ≤°ôó ⌡ óÆñÆ■ ≈±ÿⁿ ßô∩ⁿ ⌡ ºáÿÄ ó√≤óÆñ û⌡ó". 
±÷ñí ûÑñφÄ Æ≈≡ º≤ÿÄì ₧ôΘα ú≈ûⁿ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩Γûñ Θⁿ áûñ ±⌠ σûñ" ±ⁿφ⌡√ó: "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ⌐ôßñ√ºÿÄ ≤⌡æ⌡ñì £≤ô≤∞· φΘÿ·Æ≤ó: ºñæ±ó ⌐ΓñÆ■ Ωñ√¬Å ÆºÿÄ. óñ 9 ºô∩φⁿ û· ºñ⌡ó⌠ ⌐Γñ ùñóÆáÿÄ Æ⌡ ÆÑ ≈⌡¬Å ºñ⌐ôñ ⌡ ú∞ô⌡ÿÄ ûº√ôñ ûñá⌡ñóÆñ û⌡ó. ó√⌡Æ⌠ Æ⌐Γôñ¬Å óñ 4 Ü∩ó ÿ≤α√≥ √ôΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ". √
Ü±ô≡ Æ∩ó√⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩±₧ôº⌠ √⌡ºΘÄ û⌠ ÿµñ■ ûñó■ Æÿôû∞ⁿ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩≤Ü⌡≥ Æ∩ÑÆ≈ñ∙ Θⁿ ±∩⌡∞Ä ±½ñ ⌡ Æ∩Ωô≈ñ∙" ±ⁿ≤⌡√ºó: "º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ±⌡º⌡■ì ßôñΘÄ û· ∩µÿÄ ⌡ Æ₧∞ô≥ ⌡ ΘΩ· ⌡ ≤₧⌡ ⌡ ⌐ôßñ■ Θ½√ƒ û⌡ó Æ⌡ ≈±ÿⁿ ßô∩ⁿ óÆ⌐ÿÄ ⌡ ó√≤óÆñ û⌡ó. Æ⌡ ⌡ ùóñ¬Å ⌡ ûñÆóñ¬Å ù√⌐⌡Æ■ ⌐√Γ√ô⌠ û⌡ó≤ó". ][
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   Æ±⌐ûÄ ∞· £°Éñ æº±ÉÉô⌠ óÆñó ½ΘÉô■ ó√φñ■    
                             æ⌡ñó∙ ûô á⌡ó Ωñ¼Å ±É· Æ∩₧δ ≤∞⌡ÿñ±≤αñ■ 
   ÿ≤°ô ≤· ±· ñÆ æ±ó∙ºÿÄ ñáºôñ ñ⌡ƒÆΘÑÆÿñ■    
                             Æ√⌠ ÿôû≤ô∞ⁿ Æ±⌐ûÄºÿÄ óñ ßôñ«Å≈ñ Æáÿñ■ 
   ûôÑºÿÄ ûñ ñ⌡■ Ü°Éô⌠ ÆÑ ±ûÉóÆ ñ₧±ÿÄ óñ■    
                             ú⌡Ωⁿ û⌡ó óñ ≈ñ ó∩ⁿ ì ⌐⌡Ωⁿ û⌡ó ûñ≈ñºñ■ 
                Æ≤óñ ≈⌡Æ æ±√áÿ·ì±⌐∞Éⁿ ì ßû√Éñ■ ì ß≤ûÉñ■ 
                ñ√Ñó ºñ⌡ñÆÑ ≈ñ Ü°ÿÄ á√Ñó ≤⌐ô» ÆÑ ≈ñ»ñΘÄ 
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   φô≈ⁿ á√ôεÿÄ óñ⌡⌠ì º√ñ Ü°ô≤≥ ±√ó≈ó    
                               φô≈ⁿ ÿ±ô⌐ô■ ûñ⌡⌠ì »ûΓⁿ ñ⌡Æ≤≥ ±√ó≈ÉÉó 
   ⌡ æ⌠ »ûΣ º₧ñæºô■ ±⌠ì º₧ñ û√ô≤≥ ±√ó≈ó 
                               φ· ù√ñ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ±≤αñ■ì á⌡ó ñÆ ≤⌐ô≤≥±√ó≈ó 
   ₧ñΘⁿ Ñ ΘñóÆ ±√Ñ≤óì ú⌡Ωⁿ ûÜô≤≥ ±√ó≈ó    
                               ÿûñ√∞Ä ß√ó ⌡ ÿ°≤√ÿÄì Æ≤óñ Ñûô≤≥±√ó≈ó 
                 φ· ≈ôÿΘⁿ ûñ Üô⌠ ≤óÆ ÆÑ æº±ô≤≥ ±√ó≈ó 
                 ⌐ó ß√ó ±⌡∩⌡ó ß∩ⁿì ⌐√ñ áóÆ ⌐Éô∙ ≤ÜΘÄ
 
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                              æ⌠ óºÿ· φ∩°ô £√ó∙Æ≤óÆÑ ûôτñûÄ Æ∩Γô∩±√⌠     ±≤⌐⌡ñ ºûÑ æ⌡ñó∙Æ≤óì ß√Éó■ ûñÆ■ ±º∩±√É⌠   
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                ±√ñ ßñûÄì ΘáÉñ ßÜ≥ì ±ΓÜÑ≤±ô■ ∩⌡ ∞⌐ΘÄ
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                               ñ⌡ƒ Æ∩Ωó¿Å û°ñ áûñì Æ∩∩É· Æ∞ûñûñÑ≤ó 
   Æ⌡≡ ₧½ôñ ∞Γû· ñÆ ù√ñÆ≈ÉÉ⌠ ó√φñ Ñ≤ÉÉó   
                                ⌡æ≤φ· óñ⌡⌠ áô≤· ñÆ æ√√⌠ Ñ√ûôÿñ Ñ≤ó 
   ∩⌡₧ⁿ û·⌐∞≡ √ô ß∩ⁿ ûñûô≥ ⌡ûñ ºñóñ Ñ≤ó    
                                ≤Ω⌐ⁿ ûñÆ■ Üô■ ùô ûñ ó⌡¬Åù√µ±ûñ Ñ≤ó 
                ûñ ±⌐ñ∞ô⌠ £⌐±∞Ä Ñ≤óì ∩ûá≤Éó ûñ á√ûñ Ñ≤ó 
                √Γ≤ⁿ ñº√ó æ⌠ ∞⌡ ∞Ñ Æ⌡ ≤º≡ ßó⌡ φñóó ÿ∩ΘÄ 
 
   ûô≤⌡■ æΘôδ æ≤∞· óÆ⌐ÿÄ ù⌡⌐√ó∙ ÆÑ ÿΩ⌡■ Üºó     
                                ó⌡ñ ÆÑ Ü≤ôûÄ ßΘÿ¬Å óºÿÄ ûó ⌡ £⌐É≥ ₧ºÉó 
   ÿûÿÄ √óÆ ÆßóÆ ⌐ÉÉñÆ ûºÿÿ· û· ₧û≡ ±⌠ ≥ ºó  
                                óÆñó Ñ ΩñûÄ ⌡ ±≤Ñ∩ÿÄ óñ æº±ô⌠ º°≥⌡ ñºó 
   æ≤ºÉÉô⌠ ∞· óñ ÿΓñ√ΘÄ Æ⌡ óºÿÄ ÿΘ∞ñ ≤ô ñºó   
                                £⌡⌠ æΘÿôûÄ æ⌠ ⌐√Éñ Ñ⌠ ÆΘÿôó∙ óñûñ¢ Æºó 
               ≈≥ ⌐√ñ ₧δ ñÆ ₧ô±∩·ì ≈≥ ≤ô≥ Æ⌡ û≤ÿÄ Æºó 
               óñ ⌡ε√ÿÄ ñÆ ûó■ Æ√⌠ ≤ôÑ≤√⌠ φ⌡≈ñì ½ÉóΘÄ 
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   ñ⌡Ñ■ ∞· ûô ßÜÑ ⌡ ≤√ôÑ ûñ»⌡ΘÄ ±ºÜó Ñó Ωó≥    
                              óñ√ôΘÿÄ ûñá⌡ó ₧¡ñÿ¬ÅÆÑ óñóÑÆ√√ó⌠ Æ∩≥ 
   ±ⁿÜºÿÄ ÆÑ ΘÉÉñ» ₧√ôì á∩⌡ÿºñÆ√ÉÉÉÉⁿ ±₧ÿñ≥  
                              óñ ûôñφÉÉô∙ ∞ûñ√ô ûñóÆ⌐ÿÄ óºÿÉⁿ εÜñ≥ 
   £⌡⌠ ε√δ ⌐ô≤¬Å ≤û⌡ó ÑÆ√⌐φ°ⁿ σ√ÉÉÉñ ÆÑ ₧ñ≥  
                              æ±ó ≤óÆ■ Æóá∩ÉÉÉⁿ Æ⌡ ñÆ Ñ₧ⁿ ú⌡Æ∩∞Éñ≥ 
             √Γ≤ⁿ ÿ⌡ σ√ñ ÆÑ ±ñ√±ⁿ ûôÑæ ⌡ Ñ√⌠ óñφ· ±ñ≥ 
             áô¼Å ÿ⌡ ⌡ ΘñÑ≤ó ÿºÿÄ ñ∞⌠ ⌡ ±Ωô≥ ⌡ ±Ñó∩ΘÄ 
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   Æ√⌠ áô≤· ñÆ ûô√ó áóÆ √∞ñ⌡Ñ ±Γ±ôñ■ ∞≤ó   
                             æó≥ û≤ô√¬Å ûñ≤É°óì ≤⌡₧¬Å ùñºÿÉÉôñ■∞≤Éó 
   ⌡Æ≤φ· á∩√∩¬Å ûô ùºñ ÿô ºΩΘÄì ₧Üôñ■ ∞≤ó   
                             æ⌠√∞Ä óñ⌡ûô±¬Å ≤°ó ⌡æ⌠ ≤Ω¬Å⌡ φ£∞ôñ■∞≤ó 
   ≈ñ √∞Ä Ñ æûôò ñº⌡≡ì ù¿Å áô≤· ºôεñ■ ∞≤ó
                             ∞ô±ñ⌡Ñ Æ≤óñ áÉô≤·Æ¬Å √∞Ä±√°±ô⌠óÆñ■ ∞≤ó 
              ⌡Ñ Æ√⌠ φñÆ±ⁿ ±√°±ô⌠ Æ±ñ■ ßÜûÄ Üôñ■ ∞≤ó
              ù¿Å ≤Ω⌐·≈ô■ ±ôº∩ΘÄ ûó û°ñ Æ√⌠ Ñ√ûôá∩ΘÄ 
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   £⌡⌠ ó√ó ½ô₧ûáô≤· ñÆ ÆÑ ±√°±ô⌠ Æ∞ñÆ∙ì ≤·
                           ⌐óûô ÆÜôÑÿÄ óñ óñ⌡⌠ æ≤Üô ∞·∞¿ÅñÆì ñÆ∙ ≤· 
   ÜÑ ≈√ûÿÄ √ÑóÆ⌠ ∞ºⁿ óñûÉô⌠ æ⌠ óñφÉÉô∙ ≤·   
                           σ√ñ ÆÑ ß≤ô√ôÿÄ áÉóÆ ûô Æ⌡ ∞ºⁿ ≈±ÉñÆ∙ ≤É· 
   ⌡Ñæ⌠ ùú√ñÆ√ⁿ ∞ºⁿ σ√ñ ÆÑ áóÆ æφÉÉô∙ ≤É·    
                           ₧ñΘⁿ óñ æ⌠ ±₧ñ±ºÉÉñÆ ÜÑ ûôò ûº≥ Æ∩∩·ì ≤· 
              ÜÑ »Θ∩∞Ä ÿºû√ƒ á⌡Æ⌠ ≈±½₧ûÿ¬Å ó∩áÉÉ⌡Æ∙ ≤É· 
              æ⌠ ±√Ñûô⌠ì Æ√⌠ ±√°±ô⌠ ≤ôÑ≥ ûô√⌠ ±Üó⌡ ⌐ñΘÄ 
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   £⌡⌠ æñ±√ÉÉó æ⌠ ±√°±ô⌠ ûôûÄ ₧ñ≥ ±ºÉÉó⌡ó ⌐ÉÉó 
                               æÖôñ ≈ñ ≤ô±₧ñ±ⁿ ≈ñ ÜÉô ∞· ûó ≤ôû⌡ó ⌐ó 
   ûñ ßΩ≡ ⌡ ⌡≈≥ ⌡ £⌐≥ ⌡ Üô⌠ ñ∙ ûºÿ· ⌡ ±ºó⌡ó ⌐ó  
                               ÆÑ û¿Å Ü°ô⌠ ⌐ó ûⁿ½óÆ φΘÿⁿÜ°ô⌠ ±ΘΩ⌡ó⌐ó 
   ≈ñ á⌡Æ⌠ ∞· ±°±ô⌠ á⌡Æºÿⁿ ûô∩»ΘÄ ₧δ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ⌐Éó    
                               ù¿Å ≤⌡ñ ûôñÆ⌠ óÆ±≤¬Å ÑÆ≤⌡Æñæ⌠ ±⌡∩⌡ó⌐ó 
                 ±⌡∩⌡ó Æ⌡ ±⌐°⌡ó  ⌐ó  ì  ±√εó Æ⌡ ±ºΓ⌡ó  ⌐Éó
                 ÆÑ ⌐ñ≥ì á⌡ñ⌐√ó ±≤∞ºΘÄ ⌡Ñû√≥ á⌡ó ±· óñáºΘÄ
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   ÿô áô≤·ÑÆó ∞ûñ√ô û≤°ôó Æ≤óñ áô≤· ùÉô 
                          ≈≥ û√ÿÄ ⌡ ≈≥ ñ∞⌠ ⌡ ±Ωô≥ì ≈≥ ±ñ⌡∙≈≥ ∞⌡∙ ½Θô 
   ≈≥ óÆ±⌠ û≤ÿÄ Æºó ≈≥ £ô∙ Ñ±Ñ≥ ≈±· ±≤ⁿ 
                          ⌐ó Ωû∩·■ Æ≈≡ Ñ±√⌠ ⌐Éó ûñÿñ ÆÑ ≈ΘÿÉÉ≥ º±ÉÉô 
   ±Γ≤ô■ ÿ∞û√ñ æ⌐∞ôñ ⌐ó ÆÑ ₧ñ√≥ ∞ûñ√ÉÉô  
                          ≈≥ áô≤· ÑÆóºÿÄ Æ√⌠ ùºñ ≈≥ áô≤· ≈≥áô≤·■ áóÆ 
              ∞ô±ñ⌡Ñ  ⌡Æε ±Ωó±¬Å  ⌐ó Θáñ Æ√⌠  ßô∩ⁿ ºÉñÆ 
              Ñ√⌠ áô≤·ÑÆó æ±ó Ω∩≥ óñ⌡½ΘÄ ⌡óñ ÿ₧ñ√ñì ÜΘÄ
╝
   Æ■ óñ ßû⌡ó√ÿÄ ó∩ÿÄ æ√√≤·■ úÆÿÄ æ±ó∙   
                             ÆºñÆñ ≤ô ±Γ∩⌡≥ ñÆ æ⌠ º√≤· ±ÉñæÿÄ æ±ÉÉó∙ 
   Ωñæ⌠ û⌡½ΘÄ √ô ß∩ⁿì Æ±Öô≡ ⌡ æ√ôÿÄ æ±ó∙
                             Ü⌡ó ⌡ ºáô√ÿÄ óñ ∞ÿôûÄ Æñ«Å ⌡º±⌡ÆÿÄ æ±ó∙ 
   ÿ⌐û√· Üº≥ ⌡ Üô⌠ ÿ⌡ì ±½ûôƒ ⌡ ±⌐∞⌡┤ æ±ó∙    
                             óñ úÆÿÿÄ Æ■ Æ≤ºÉÉô⌠ ∞≡ ßΩ≡ û⌐ñ±ôÿÄ æ±ó∙ 
               ₧ûÄ ÿñÆ ≈ñ ±Üñ±ⁿì ÜûñÆ⌠ ±ôΘôÿÄ æ±ó∙ 
               Ω∩ûÄ ±⌡₧Éó ñÆ û⌡ó Üô■ ⌡ε√ÿÄ óñ ⌐µΘÄ 
╚
   ⌐ô≈≤⌐°ô Ωñæ⌠ ÿ⌡√ⁿì ±≤»δ ÿ⌡√ⁿ ±Γ≤ô ÿ⌡√ⁿ
                              ⌡Æ∩ⁿ ÿ⌡√ⁿ ßô∩ⁿ ÿ⌡√ⁿ Æß∩ⁿ ÿ⌡√ⁿ⌡Æε ÿ⌡√ⁿ 
   Æ±ñ⌡Ñ ñÆ ±ô∩∞Ä ÿ⌡√ⁿì ±áÿôñ óñ ΘñóÆ ÿ⌡√ⁿ   
                              ≈≥ ε Θÿⁿ Æε ß∩ÉÉÉÉⁿ ≈≥ ε ⌡ ≈≥ Æε ÿ⌡√ⁿ 
   óÆ≤¬Å ÿ⌡√ⁿ û√≤¬Å ÿ⌡√ⁿ óÆ≤ô ÿ⌡√ⁿ û√≤ô ÿ⌡√ⁿ 
                               Θñ±ô≤ó∙■ ±»∩δ ÿ⌡√Éⁿì ûôε■ ≈ñûôε ÿ⌡√ⁿ 
             ßô∩≥ ÿ⌡√ⁿ ßôñΘÄ ÿ⌡√ⁿì ù≤°ô⌠ ÿ⌡√ⁿ ù√óÆ ÿ⌡√ⁿ 
             ÆÑ á∩ΩÿÄ ßÉÉô∩≥ ÿ⌡√Éⁿ Æ√ÉÑó ÿΓô∩Éⁿ ñÆ ≈óΘÄ 
╞
   ±⌠ "⌐±º≥" ⌡ ÿôñ√∞Ä ó≡ ≤⌡ñ ÿ⌡ óñ Æñ⌐ôó ±⌠    
                                 ±óÆƒ úÆÿÿÄ û⌡ó∙Æ≤ó æûôò ±⌠ ÆÜóÆó ±⌠ 
   ≤û⌡ó º⌡Æ■ ±ó₧ÿÿÄì Æú∞ÉÉÉôñ ±⌠ Æ⌡ñÆó ±ÉÉ⌠   
                                 ≈ñ≤∞ÿ·σ√ñ ÆÑ√ôóÿ⌡ á⌡Æ≈≥ ñ⌡óÆÑ √ôó±⌠ 
   Æß»ÉÉô ≤±ô ⌐ô≈Éô Θñ⌡τ ûñ »ûΣ φ⌡≈ñ ÑÆó ±⌠ 
                                 á⌡Æ≈≥ ûΘñ√ôó≥ ñºⁿ £⌡⌠ û⌐≤⌡■Θñ√ôó ±⌠ 
            Æ±√ó⌡Æñ≥  ∞Ñ  ∞ñ≥ ⌐ô≈ô  ûφ√ñ■  óÆó  ±⌠
            Ñæ≤ô⌠ ∞· ÆÑ ùºÿⁿ ÿ±√Ñ≤ó≈≤ó φ⌡≈ñ ÆÑ áÑΘÄ
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 ║█     ⌐ÉΓñ: óºÿÄ óßô                  █╨
 ║█     ⌐ôßñ: ±₧±ó ñ¡ô ñ₧±ô≤ⁿ ÿ°ñÆ≤ⁿ    █╨
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     ±Ωôû≡ ₧ñ≥ ∞Γû· Æ√ºÿÉÉôó ì  Ñ≤ÉÉÉⁿ  
                              û· ÿ⌠ Ñ⌐ñ≥ ⌡ ₧√ô ⌡ ⌡Ωôñì ù√ñ≈≤ÉÉÉⁿ 
     φ⌐⌡ó óºÿÄ óßÉô º⌡■ æº±ô⌠ ⌡ φñ√ºÿÄ     
                              ⌐∞ΘÿÄ σ≤£· ½ΘÿÄ ∩ûÄì ûÑ√ñ ∩ûÄ ºá≤ⁿ 
     ∞· √ôñûÄ ÆÑ ∞ñ≥ æºô⌠ ≤±ô■ ±⌐∞≡ ±⌠   
                              ∞· ûôñ óÆñ≥ ⌡ æÑñó∙ Üô⌠ ⌡ áºÿ· ÿ≤ⁿ 
     ≤óÆ û· ΘÉô»±· û≤ÿÄ Æºó ñº√Éó Ñ ₧δ      
                              Ωó≥ ûáÉÉô≤· ±⌠ ≤É· ∞É· ±√°±ô⌠ ±≤Éⁿ 
     óñ æ⌠ ±∞Éô⌠ ±Ωó¿Å Ωó≥ ≤°ôó ⌡ ûÑÆó    
                              φñΘÿÄ óºÿÄ áÉÉóÆ ñÆ ûóºÿÄì ⌐√ñÑ≤Éⁿ 
     áóÆ ≤°ôó ß∩ÉÉÉⁿì ≤ô≥ áô≤·ÑÆó¬Å ñÆ      
                              ∞· ñ⌡ƒ ≤ô ±ÿ≤ô≈ⁿ ó±√ÉÉó ûñ ûó≤ÉÉÉⁿ 
     ù√µ±ûñ æ±ó ⌡ Ñó û⌡º· ûñ ∩ûÄ⌡ó≈≤¬Å    
                              ∞· æΘÉñ√⌠ áÉóÆ ûñ £≤√⌠ ∩ûÄ ⌡ ó≈≤Éⁿ 




  
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 ║█    ⌐ÉΓñ:  φ√ÿⁿ ≈≤ñ ∞Éñó     █╨
 ║█    ⌐ôßñ:  º√±√⌠ û°û°ô≤ⁿ     █╨
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    Θ∩∞Ä Æ±⌐ûÄ ±φñ ±ô≈ⁿ óφñ ÑÆó     Ñ ±Éô∙ á⌡√¬Å ì ±ô≈Éⁿ á⌡ûÿñ  ÑÆó 
    σ∩» φΘÿ≥ ∞· á⌡ñ⌐É√ó óñáÉ⌐ô⌠     ∞· ±· √ôûó Ñ≤⌡ñ¬Å Ñ√ûÄ⌡ Θñì ÑÆó 
    ⌐°≤⌐ô≈ÉÉⁿì ûÑñφÉⁿì ≤ô±ÉóÆñ■     ∞· ⌐ô≈Éô⌠ ûñ ñ≈¬Å ºô√≤ó ºñì ÑÆó 
    ½óΘÄæºÉô ì Ü°ÉÉô⌠ æΘÉÉñ√≤¬Å     óñá⌐ÉÉô⌠ φ⌡≈ÉÉÉñ■ ⌡Æε φÉ°Éñ ÑÆó 
    Ñ ûΓó Ωñ≤°ô φ√ÿⁿ ≈≤ñ ∞ÉÉÉñó     ∞· Æ√≤ºô⌠ Ω°Éñ±ô≤ⁿ ûô ≈ÉÉ≤ñ ÑÆó 
    ùóñ≈ô ûΓó ÆÑ√⌠ ≈ñφÑ ≤û√≤≤Éó     ∞· ó√ÉÉφñ ±ôóñ■ Æ√≤ºô⌠ ùºÉñ ÑÆó 
    ΘÉÉÉñ■ ûñ ±ôóñ ≤√∞É⌡ ºñ⌐ÿ¬Å     σÉÉÑÆ≡ ±Éôó∙ φ⌡√Éⁿ ⌐√ñ≤ÉÉÉñ ÑÆó 
                    û⌐ñ û⌡ó ⌡ û· á∩δ ⌡ á⌡ì áóÆ û⌡ó 
                    áÉÉóÆ û⌡ó ⌡ û½⌡ñÿÄ £⌡⌠ û⌐ñ ÑÆó 
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 ║█     ⌐ΓÉñ: ±≤ôÜôÿÄ ß∩ⁿ                  █╨
 ║█     ⌐ôßñ: ±₧±ó ₧º√⌠ ⌐°ñ√ôñ)⌐°ñ√ôñ(     █╨
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     ß∩Éⁿ æ⌠ ⌐√ÉÉñ áÉóÆ ⌐ô∙ ßñûÄ       Æ∩Θÿⁿ óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô Æ√⌠ ó≡ ⌐ûÄ 
     ⌐ûÄ Ñ ÆºñÆñ ß∩ÉÉⁿ æφô∙ ÆºÿÄ       ó≡ ⌐ûÄ ±₧ñ≥ ºÉñ Æ∩∩É· ºÿÄ 
     ⌐ûÄ ß∩ⁿ ó√ó ⌡ û· ≤Ñó√∞ⁿ ó√ó       φÉñ £· Æ⌡ ≤√Ñ ûÿôñ√∞ⁿ ó√ó 
     ⌐ûÄ ⌐≤Θÿ·ºÿÄ ±≤ôÜÉôÿÄ ß∩ÉÉⁿ       Ü⌡⌐É¬Å £⌐±ÉÉÉ·■ Θ√«Å ÆÑ∩ⁿ 
     ⌐ô∙ ñÆ ó√ó∙ û≤⌡⌐√≤Éⁿ áÉ⌡ÆûÄ       ñ⌡■ ûñ º√≤É·■ ó√⌡Æñ áñÆûÄ 
     Ω∩Γ·ûô≤ⁿ ∞· û· Ω½ÉÉñ ÆΘÉε∞Ä       ºÉñ ó≈ó ≤ô∩·■ Ñ≤óÆ≤ⁿ áô∞Ä 
     óñó±≤ó■ ∞· £⌡ ∩ûÄ ûφ⌐ÉÉÉô√ó       óñ ⌡ ó√ÉÉ⌡Æñ ûΘÉñ√Éôó æ√ó 
     ∞∩±ôÿ¬Å £⌡ óñ æ⌡√Ñó∙■ φÉ⌡¬Å       ±ºÜó ∞⌡Θ· ≈≤É⌡Ñ¬Å ±ó≈É⌡¬Å 
     ΘÜñ ÿô º√≤·■ æΘôδ ⌐∞ÉÉÉôΘÿÄ       £⌐≥ û√óÆñ ß∩ⁿ áΘÿ· ≤√ôΘÿÄ 
     ñ⌡Ñ∙óÆñ■ ∞· û· ±°ñ Æº₧ÉÉÉôñ       û⌐∞≤Éó ≤ÉÉô⌠ Ü⌡√ÉÉ⌠ ÆΘ»ôñ 
     ≤ô⌐≤ÉôºÉÉⁿ ∞· ûÿôñ√∞ÉÉⁿ ⌐ûÄ       ±ÉⁿûÉñó ⌐Éô≥ √ÿ√±ô⌠ ßÉñûÄ 
     ùôó⌐ô≈ⁿ ∞· û· ⌐ûÄ ûñΩΣ ù⌡¬Å       ±ⁿ∞⌐Éó ûôñ φóÆ√ô⌠ ûñ ó⌡¬Å 
     ÿô ≤⌐ÉÉó ùÉÉñóφⁿ æ⌠ ºñ Ü∩Éⁿ       ≤⌐ó ÆΘ⌐ô ∞· ß∩ÉÉⁿ û⌡ó ß∩ⁿ 
     ⌐ô≈ûôÑ■ ∞· ûûÉô≡ ⌡ ùÉÉñ ñÆÑ       ±ⁿ ∞≤ó óñ ÆûÉÉó√ÿÄ ùÉñ⌡ÆÑ 
     ⌐°ºÉ⌡Æñ■ ∞ÉÉ· ûÉ· ûñδ ⌐±⌐√ñ       óñ ó≡ ⌐ûÄ û⌐∞ÉÉôΘó ó≡ ⌐√ñ 
     ß⌐ΩûÉÉôÑ■ ∞É· ≈±ôσ⌡¬Å áÉÉ»ñ       áΘÉÿÄ óñ á⌡ÆûÉφ· ù√ÉÉµ±ûñ 
     æ⌠ ó≥ ½ûÉƒ Ω√ÉÉô±ÿÄ ÿôÖ√ÉÉñ       ₧∩Ω·■ óñ ⌐ó ÆÑ Æ⌡ óÆ±≤φ√ñ 
     ⌐ô≡ ⌐É· ⌡Æ ⌐ó ⌡ óÆ±⌠ û· φñ⌡       Ñ√≤û¬Å óºÿÄ ûóÆ±É⌠ ∞· ±ñ⌡ 
     ⌐Éô≡ ±ⁿûºÿÄ ⌡ ≤óÆöÉÉⁿ ±ûÉ°≥       ∞É· ∞±Éñû≤ó ⌐°ÉÉôóÿÄ ±₧∞≥ 
     ù√⌐⌡Æ√ÉÉÉⁿ ∞· Ñ⌐⌡δ ó√ÉÉÉóÆñ       ±Éⁿ ∞≤ó Ωôÿ≡ á⌡ó ñÆ û√óÆñ 
     ±ô∙ ±₧ÉÉÉñÆûÄ ßûÉÉ⌡ó√ÿÄ ₧Éδ       ºÉñ û· ±₧ñÆûÄ ßûôóÿÄ ±≤⌐δ 
     ±ⁿÑ≤ó ù¿Å ∩ûÄ Æ⌡ ∞ôº·■ ⌐√Éñ       ±Éⁿ∞≤ó £⌐≥ Æ⌐ôñÿÄ û· Æº√ñ 
     £· Æº√ñ■î ∞· ≈±ô⌠Ωôÿ≡ Æ⌡ºÿÄ       ÿ⌡ áóÆ√ⁿ±φñÆ■ ó⌐±⌠ó⌡ºÿÄî! 
     óñ Ü°ô≤ⁿ ≈±· ⌐⌡ñ ⌡≈±· ⌐ÉÉÉñ       )≈Éô ß∩Éⁿ û⌐ÉÉñ ∞√ΘÄ û⌐ñ( 
     ∞ΘÉÉÉ⌠ ÆÑ φñ√·■σºÉÉô≡ áÜÉÉ≡       ù√ÉÉÉñ≈⌠ ÆÑ ñí ⌡½Éô≡ áÜÉ≡ 
                        ⌐ûñ⌡Æ⌠ ±ºÿÄ ⌡ε■ ÿ⌡ ß∩ⁿ 
                        Üô⌠ ßô∩≥ ûΘóÆ■ ÿ⌡  ß∩ⁿ 
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 ║█    ⌐ΓÉñ: º∞⌡ÿÄ σñûÿÄ                █╨
 ║█    ⌐ôßñ: ±°ó■ º°√∩ⁿ                 █╨
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    Ñ ⌐°ñ ∞⌡Θ· ûφ⌡⌐≥ ñºó ½ÉóÆ■ ß∩ÉÉÉÉÉⁿ     
                              σñ√⌡ φñ√ÉÉ· ⌡ æ⌡Æ■ ≤ÉÉô∩·≈ô■ ß∩ÉÉÉⁿ 
    º∞⌡ÿÄ σñûÿÄ ó∩ÿ≤φÄ ∞⌡ΘÉÉÉ· ±√óÆ≤ÉÉó    
                              ∞· £ô∙ û⌡ó ⌡ ⌐ûÄ ⌡ ûô≤φÄ ≈ô■≈ô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ñº⌡≡ φΘÿÄ ù¿Å ÆÑ ±⌠ ûº⌡Ñ ⌡ ∩ûÄ ±φ⌐ô   
                              ûó√⌠ ≤⌐ô≤· φ∩⌡φ√ÉÉñ ⌐ÉÉÉÉó ½óÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    û· ß⌐δ Üô⌠ ù√±ûñ ûº⌡■ ±ñφÄ ⌐ÿôΘÉÿÄ   
                              ûû√⌠ £ÉÉ· ±ô√É· ½Θô û⌡ó óñ ⌡Θô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    û≤ô≥ ó√⌠ áóÆ ûº∞· ₧√∩ÉÉ· ⌡ñÑ√ó≤ÉÉó   
                              Ñ±ÉÉô≤· ≈±£⌡ ΩΘ¿Å ÿ≤φÄ ⌐ó ûñÆ■ ß∩Éⁿ 
    Ñ ù√ñ⌡Æ⌠ óñ⌡σ√⌠ ûºô û≤ô∩ÉÉÉ· ≤⌐ºÿÄ  
                              ⌡ε■ ±ÉÉñó≥ ½Éó ñ≤ÉÉφÄ ⌐ÉÉó ûñÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    φñ⌡∙ ±ñó≥ ÿΩ⌡■ Θñ⌡¬Å ≤Θ¿Å ùÉÉÉñºÿÄ   
                              φÉÉñ∙ Ñó≤ÉÉó ûóºÿÄ φñ∙ φ⌐ÉÉÉô■ ß∩Éⁿ 
    ≈±ô⌠ ∞ºô⌠ ∞· ß∩ⁿ ñÆ ûáô≤· û≤⌐ô≤ó≤ó    
                              û· φñ√ÉÉ·≈ô û≤⌐ºÿ≤ÉÉó óñ ßÉÉÑÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ûñ⌡ û∞⌡Θ· ⌡ ûô φ⌡¬Å ó≡ û· α∩±ÿÄ⌐ûÄ   
                              Ñ £ô≈°ÉÉÉô û⌐≤ÉÉ⌡ ûÉÉô≤φÄ ñû≤ô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    Ñ á»û·≈ô■ ß∩ⁿ ó≡ û· ∩ñÑ∙ ±ⁿÆΘÿÉÉÉó   
                              û∩√ÉÉΦÿñ Ñ ß∩ÉÉⁿ ∞√ºÿÄ ÜÑ áóÆ■ ß∩Éⁿ 
    φ≡ ±ó√≤· ⌡ ΘñÑ≤ó ±∞ÉÉ· ñÆ ∞⌐ÉÿÉ≤Éó    
                              ±φÉÉÉñ £· û⌡ó ûÜÑ ßÉÉó≡ì ±óßô■ ß∩Éⁿ 
    ⌐ûⁿ ∞· Ωôÿ≡ á⌡ó ñÆ φñº≤· ±ⁿù≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ    
                              ≤á⌡ÆºÿÄ ⌐√ñ û≤⌡⌐óì ûû√⌠ ₧√ÉÉÉô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    Æφñ ∞· ₧ô≡ ±≤ôÜôÿÄ ≤√±ÉÉ· ⌐ûÄ óÆñ■    
                              û≤ô∩ÉÉ· ∩ûÄ ûφ⌐ÉÉô ≈±Éñ∙ óßô■ ß∩ÉÉⁿ 
    û· Üô≤ΘóÆöⁿ Æ⌡ Ñ≤ó∙ ⌐ó ⌐ñ√ΓÿÄ ₧ÉÉδ    
                              Ñ ΘΩÉÉÉñ á⌡ó áÜ∩É≥ì Üô⌠ ±⌠ ΘóÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    û· Æóßô ≤ÿ⌡Æ⌠ ⌐√Γ· û⌡óì⌐√Γ· ∞ºⁿºÿÄ 
                              ∞· ùÉÉô■ á⌡ó ûφÉúÆñó ûÜÉô■ ùô■ ß∩Éⁿ 




   
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 ║█     ⌐ΓÉñ: φñ√· ∞⌠ Æ■ ó√ó∙              █╨
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    ≤ÉÉÉô∩· ∞É⌠ Æ■ ó≡ û· ßÑÆ■ ß∩Éⁿ      φñ√· ∞⌠ Æ■ ó√ó∙ ûñÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ∞Γû· Ñ ∞ΘÄ óÆó∙ £⌡ ±⌡∩⌡ó á⌡√¬Å      φ⌐ÿÉÉÉ· º√·ù⌡¬Å ßÑÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ß±ñ ß∩ⁿì ß±Éñ∙■ ±Ωû⌡∩ÉÉ· ûÉÉ⌡ó      ≈Éñ Ωó±¬Å ºΓⁿ ⌡ ½Θô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ßô∩≥ Æ±∞Éô⌠ ⌐ÉÉó∙ ùÉÉñ σ∩µ∩ÉÉ·      £É⌡⌠ ⌐ó∙ áô±⌡¬Å ½óÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ±≤ûñ ⌡ ±₧ÉÉÉÉñÆûÄ ∞⌐ó Æ≤ÉÿαÉôñ      ÿÉô ∞· Ñ≤ó û⌡º· ûùô■ ß∩ⁿ 
    ±ô≤ó∙ ÿ°ⁿ ºΘÉÉÉÉñ∙■ û√£ôñφÉÉô⌠      ±≤ÿαÉñ ≤ÉÉô⌠ ⌡ σúÆ■ ß∩Éⁿ 
    ⌡Æ■ Æ±√Éñ ó⌡ ºñÆ ∞⌐ÿÉÉÉ· ⌐ÉÉÉó      áô≤·■ σ≥ φ⌐ÿÉÉ· ºñÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
    á⌡Æ≈ⁿ ÆφÉñ ±∩É∞Ä ó⌡ ßô∩≥)₧ºô⌠(      ÆÑó≡ ⌡ Üô⌠ ûô¬Å φóÆ■ ß∩ⁿ 
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THelpTopic≡ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█     ⌐ÉΓñ: ≈√⌡εⁿ ÿ⌡₧√ó                                █╨
 ║█     ⌐ôßñ: ±∩∞Ä Æ∩⌐ΓñÆ ±₧±ó ÿΩⁿ û°ôñ áñÆºô≤ⁿ )û°ôñ(   █╨
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   Æ■ ≤φôñ ñ⌡₧ô≤ⁿì á√Ñ⌡ ùñó∙ ûôε Ñ⌠  
                              óñ ºñÆóδ ε≈⌡ÿÄì ∞⌡¿Å ε ⌡ Æε Ñ⌠ 
   óñ ÿñÆ≤·■ ±Γ≤ⁿ ì ó≥ Ñ ºñ ±É⌡ε Ñ⌠ 
                              ⌡Æ≤φ· ÆÑ σó√ñ á≥ì ûôó∙■ ÿ⌡ε Ñ⌠ 
              ÿô Ñ á⌡ó ⌐⌡■ û√ñ⌡⌠ Ñ√⌠ ⌐ñÆûÄ ñ⌡₧ô≤ⁿ 

   óñ á≥ σó√ñ Æ±ñ⌡Ñìûôó∙√ⁿ ûÜ⌡¬Å æ±ó
                              ∞Ñ ½Θô■ Æ⌡ ñ⌡⌐⌠ì Üô⌠ ûôó∙≤⌡¬Å æ±Éó 
   ⌡ æ⌠ ±û⌐ñ ñ₧±ÿÄì ûôÑ óñ áñ⌡¬Å æ±ó    
                              ∞ô⌠ ½≤≥ ∞·ÆÑß⌐ôδ ûñó∙ ßΩ≡⌡ ≈⌡¬Åæ±ó 
             ûô ≈√⌡∩ⁿ ÿ⌡₧√óì óñ ∩ûô¿Å Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ
 
   ₧√óñ Æ₧ó ±≤αñ ì Æ₧±ó  ß∩ⁿ   º√±ô    
                              æ⌠ ₧û√ûÄ ⌡½ó ±ΓñÆ¢ì æ⌠ ∞∩√≥ ⌡ ½ó º√≤ô 
   óñ Ü±ô≡ Æ⌡ αô≈ñì ºñ ß∩É≥ Æεº±ÉÉô     
                              ûÉÑ≥ ΩÉñûÄ ñÆ ±₧ñ≥ì ñÆÑ σ√ûÄ ñÆ óÆ≤Éô 
             ±∩∞Ä Ωó¿Å ñÆ º∩»ô⌠ì Ω½ñ ½óδ ñÆ ûô≤ⁿ 
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   áôÿ≥ ⌡ΘÉô ñÆ ∩ÉΓÉ≡ì ∩ÉΓÉ≡ ñÆºÿÉⁿ ñÆ ∞Éô⌠    
                              Ω∩Ñ≥ ½Θô ñÆ Θ∩∞Ä ì Θ∩∞Ä ½Éóδ ñÆ º∞Éô⌠ 
   Æ⌡ºÿÄ Ω»ûⁿ ÆÑ ÆΩ»ôûÄìÆ⌡ºÿÄ ñ∞≤ⁿ ÆÑ Æñ∞ô⌠    
                              ±±∞≤ⁿ ºÿÄ ûⁿ Æ√ÜôûÄì⌡ÆÜûⁿºÿÄ ûⁿ Æ±∞ô⌠ 
             Öô≤ⁿ Æ√ºÿÄ ûⁿ Æ⌡≡ì Æ⌡∩ⁿºÿÄ ûⁿ Öô≤ⁿ
 
   óñ σó√ñ á≥ √ÑóÆ⌠ φΘÿÄ ±ñ ù√±ûÉÉñ ñÆ    
                              ∞Ñ ùⁿ ∞±ô≡ ó√⌠ ⌐⌡ ùú√ñ∙ ₧√óñ ñÆ 
   ù¿Å ù√±ûñ Æ≤óñ ó⌐ÿÄ ûñ ≤°ôó ±≤ûñ ñÆ    
                              ûñó ûÉñ ºñ ±≤ûñ ₧√óñ Θ∩∞Ä Θñ ñÆ 
             ⌐ó Ü°ô⌠ ó≡ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ÑÆ⌠ ó⌡ ⌐±¿Å ≤⌡ñÆ≤ⁿ 

    φΘÿÄ: û⌐≤⌡√ó Æ■ Ω⌡≥ ΩÉ⌡≡ ₧ΩÿΓô∩ⁿ ñÆ   
                               ≈≥ ûÜô⌠ û√ô⌡√Ñ√ó φ⌡≈ÉÉñ ÿÉ⌡ε ñÆ 
    ù⌡Ñ¬Å æ⌡ñ√ó ÆÑ Üô⌠ Æ√⌠ ºÿ⌡ó∙ ±⌡ε ñÆ    
                               Æ√⌠ ⌡½ⁿ ûñ ₧δ ñÆ Æ√⌠ ⌡∩ⁿ ⌡Æε ñÆ 
              ûô ñ¡ô■ Æ⌡ ∞⌡⌐√ó óñ ñ¡ô■ √ÑóÆ≤ⁿ 

   Æ⌡ºÿÄ ∞Ñ á≥ ε≈ÉÉ⌡ÿÄ ≤⌐ô∙■ ½Θô óÆñó   
                              óñ áñ√»É·■ ÿÜÉñ√ó φ⌡≈ñ ⌡Θô óÆñó 
   óñ Üû√⌠ ⌡ Üô⌠ ùô∞Äì ≤⌡ñ ∞ûñ√ô óÆñó    
                              óñ ÿÜ∩ⁿ ÆóñÆ∞Äì Ü∩⌡∙■ áÉóÆ óÆñó                óñ ñá¬Å û⌡ó ñ⌡⌐⌠ ñÆÑ≈ô■ ñ₧±ô≤ⁿ
 
   ∞ⁿ ñºó û· ±óƒ Æ⌡ ⌡≈≥ ±ñó óÆ≤⌐±≤Éó    
                              ∞ⁿ ÿ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡½ΘÄ Æ⌡ ó≥ Ñó⌠ Ñ£⌡⌠ ⌡ £≤ó 
   û· ∞· ßÜÑ ±óƒ æñ≥ ÆÑ ùóñ º⌡■ ΘñÑ≤ó 
                              ₧ÜÿÄ ½±Éó ±αÉÉ°ñì æ√ÿÄ Æ₧Éó ù√É⌡≤ó 
              ⌐û≡ ₧√óñ ∞ñÆñì áºñ⌡ áñÆºô≤ÉÉⁿ
 
   ù⌡ñ ±⌡ºⁿ ÜΓΘñ æ√ÿÄÆ∩∩ÉÉÉ· ÆßαÉÉ≥ 
                              æ≤∞·≈ºÿÄ ÆÑ Æ≤Θôº¬Å Ñ≤ó∙ ß√ºⁿ ±ñ√≥ 
   óñ ÿ₧Ωδ úÆÿ¬Å φ⌐ÿ· á∩ΩÿÄ ßÉÉÉô∩≥    
                               æΘÿôûÄ ∞ÉÑ ñΘΓÿÄ ûñ Θ∩∞Ä Ñ≤ó ùñ£≥ 
             ±√∞≤ó ûóñ φô≈¬Å ½ûƒ ⌡ ⌐ô≥ óñûô≤ⁿ 

    ßΩ≡ ⌡ ⌡≈≥ ∞ⁿ º≤Ü≤ó Æ⌡¢ ∞ûñ√ô√¬Å ñÆ    
                              Üô⌠ ⌡ ó≡ £ºô⌠ φ⌡√≤ó ±ó₧ÿÄ ⌡ Ö≤ô√¬ÅñÆ 
    φñ ñ¡ÉÉô■ ₧δ Ü⌡√ⁿ ñ⌡ ûÜ⌡ ñ¡ô√¬Å ñÆ    
                              ≈ñ ∞· óñ ó≡ ÆΘÉÉÉñÆÑó ñÆ√ÿÄ ⌡ε√¬Å ñÆ 
              ≈±£⌡á⌡ÆÜ· ûÿ⌡Æ≤ó ó≥ ÑóÆÑ ±º∩±ô≤ⁿ 
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THelpTopic░ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█     ⌐ÉΓñ: ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ        █╨
 ║█     ⌐ôßñ: ₧ô¢ ±√ñÑÆ ₧û√ûÄ áñÆºô≤ⁿ    █╨
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   ±ñÆ ù√ñ »ñ√ΩÿÄ ÜÉÑ ß∩Éⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ     ∞· ≈ºÿⁿ ñÆ ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ
   ±û√⌠ σ√ñ ÆÑ ß∩ⁿ ù√ÉóÆ ⌡ ù≤°ô⌠     ∞·óñ σ√ûÄ⌡ ⌐°ôóÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ±Ü⌡ σ√ñ ÆÑ ß∩ⁿ óñ ∞ΓûÉ· ⌡ ó√ñ     ∞· ≈Θÿôó ⌡ó⌡ ±∩ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   £· ûô∞Ä ÆÑæÿ¬Å ó⌡Ñí ∞· óñ ₧⌐ñ     Ωº√≥ ≤ôñ  ⌡  Ü≤ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   Æφñ ∞ΘñºÿÄ Æφñ Æ√±ô⌠ ûφ⌡ Θô¬Å     ∞· óñ ñ⌡Ñ  Ω√ô±ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   Æºô¿Å ≈ñ ó⌡ ßÉÉÉÉô∩≥ ûñ ±₧ûÿÄ     û⌡ó Ωôö≥ ì ±₧ûÉÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   óñ æ⌠ ₧¡ñÿÄ∞· ó≥ ÆÑ∩ⁿ ±Σ Æ∩∩·     Ñ≤ó Æ₧±óì  ±Γ√ÉÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ⌐≤√ó≥ ßô⌐Ωⁿ ±ºÿô≤· ±ÉÉⁿφΘÉÿÄ:     áóÆ ñÆ ₧⌡≡ ⌡ Ω⌡ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ⌡Ü⌡ó Ü±∩· Æ⌐√ÉÉÉÉÉô ÆÑ ±⌐√ÉÿÄ     ùó√ó æ±ó ì ±⌐É√ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ⌐°≤⌐ô≈ⁿ ∞ÉÉ· ûñ óñφÉ· ±ε√ÉÉ∞Ä     Ñ≤≤ó¬Å ù≤É¢ ≤⌡ûÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ß∩ⁿ æó≥ì ß∩ÉÉⁿ ⌐√ÖÄ ⌡ ß∩ⁿ ≤⌡ƒ     ∞É· óñ ó⌡ñ ≤ûÉ⌡ÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 
   ß∩ⁿ Æ₧±óì ß∩Éⁿ ±⌡ºÉⁿ ⌡ ß√ºÉÉⁿ     ∞· óñ Æ»⌡Æñ á∩ΩÿÄ ÜÑ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ 




  
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 ║█     ÿá±√¿Å ÆÑ: ºñ≈≤φÄ ⌐°≤ôÑ■           █╨
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   ∞· ÿ⌡√ⁿ £ñÆτ ⌡₧óÿÄì ñ∙ ∞⌡■ æ⌐≤ô ñÆ  
                              )ß∩ⁿ Æ■ ≈±ô■ ñ₧±ÿÄ ÿ⌡ £· æ√ÿⁿ áóÆñÆ( 
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                              Ñ ñ₧√δ ùô∞Ä ß⌐Ω¬Åì ó≡ ó≈ñ ±±ÿ∩ⁿ û√⌠ 
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   Ñ ó⌡Æ■ σÉ≥ ÑóÆ√¬Å ì ó≡ ±ûÿÉε ≤±ô≤Éó   
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   £· ±√ô⌠ æûÄ ⌡ æÿ¬Åì £· ûñ⌡■ ºûÑ∙ ⌡ ⌐í    
                              £⌡ ûóºÿÄ ÿ⌡ ≤ûô⌐óì Ñ Ü°Éô≤√Éô⌠ ºñ≤í 
   ≈±· Üô■ì Üô■ ⌡₧⌐ÿÄì ≈±· ÜôºÿÄ Üô■ æ⌡í    
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                              Ñ ñ⌡Æδ ùñΘÉñ⌡σ¬Å σ≥ ó≡ Ñû√í ûñ∞É⌠ 
   û₧ñ√≥ ùô∞Ä ½₧≤¬Åì ÑφÑ≤ó ûô¬Å Æ√±⌠   
                              )ûñ⌡ Æ■φóÆ■ ±º∞√⌠ óñ áô≤·■ ß∩ⁿ Ñ⌠( 
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   ∞· ñº√ó∙Æ≥ ûÜô≤ô⌠ì ºñ ⌡Üô⌠ £· Ωôû≡±⌠  
                             )ûÜÑÆÑ ß∩ⁿ ∞· φ⌡√ó û·ùºñ ∞· Ωôÿ≡ ±⌠( 
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                              )ûÜÑ ÆÑ ß∩ⁿ ∞· æñóì ùºñ■Æû⌡Æ∩ΓÜôöûÄ( 
               )∞· ß∩≥ ∞≤ó û· ßô∩≥ ⌐°óÆ■ ∞ñûε ñÆ(
 
   ó≡ ≤ñ≥ ùôñºô√ô⌠ì ó≥ φÉÉñ≥ ó∩≤⌡ÆÑÆ⌠ 
                             ≈±· ⌐ûÄ £⌡ ⌐±Σ ñ⌡⌐⌠ì Ñ ⌐ñÆñ ó≡ìφóÆÑÆ⌠ 
   Ñó∙ ûñ Üû√⌠ »ôßÿÄì φ≡ óÆτ ºñΘñÆÑÆ⌠    
                             )£⌡ û· ó⌡ºÿÄ ß°ó û≤óó Ñ ±√ô⌠ùô∞ûôÑÆ⌠( 
               )£⌡ ß∩ⁿ ∞· ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó ∞· ûºñ ûñó ⌡Θô ñÆî(
 
   Ñ ⌐ΓÉôπ »∩ΓÿÄ Æ⌡ì ±ÉÉ· £ñí £°ñ∙ û≤°ΘÿÄ  
                             ≤⌐⌡ó ÿ±ô≥ ⌡½Θ¬Åì £· Ωñ√₧·≈ô ∞· óñºΘÿÄ 
   ≤û⌡ó √∞ⁿ ≤α√ñ¬Åì ∞· Θ∩∞Ä ≤ÑÆó∙Æ¬Å ÜΘÿÄ    
                           )≤· áóÆ ÿ⌡Æ≤±¬Åá⌡Æ≤óì ≤·û⌐ñÿ⌡Æ≤±¬Å φΘÿÄ( 
               )±ÿ₧√ñ≥ £· ≤ô±≥ ⌐· ±∩∞Ä ε Θÿⁿ ñÆ(
 
   û· ßûôóÿÄ ⌐ûô≤≥ì û· ≤√ôÑ ⌡ ñÆÑ á∩⌡ÿÄ    
                             ûÉÉ· ÿÉÉñ≤É≥ ñ⌡Æ≤≥ì ûóßô■ ∞≤¢ ±₧≤ÿÄ 
   ûΘµô⌠ ùⁿ Æ±Éô≤≥ì ûû°Éô■ Æ⌐É∞Ä ₧ºÉñÿÄ    
                             )ûó⌡ £⌐≥ á⌡≤Θ⌐ô≤≥ì ≈∩·Æ■ ≤º√≥ ñ₧±ÿÄ( 
               )∞· Ñ ∞⌡■ Æ⌡ σûôñ■ û±⌠ æñ ÿ⌡ÿ√ô ñÆ(
 
   £⌡ φñΘÿÄ φ≤¢ ±Γ≤ⁿì Ñ Ω½Éôñ ∞√±√ô√ÿÄ    
                             Ñ ÿ⌡Æ≤φñÆ⌠ ΘÑ⌡⌠ ⌐óì ûÿ⌡Æ≤φñ■ φóÆ√ÿÄ 
   ∞· û±ñó∙ ñ⌡ƒ ûá⌐óì ∞∩±ôÿÄ Üô≤ΘÑÆ√ÿÄ 
                             )ûô±√ó æ≤∞· ⌐ô√ó ûñºó û· áô∞Äùô√ÿÄ( 
               )£· ù√ô±°ô ∞· óÆó≥ ≈±· º⌡Ñ ó≡ ½ûô ñÆ(
 
   û· ⌐∞≤Ü·■ Æº√ñÆ⌠ì û⌡Θô■ ùô■ û≤óÆ⌠    
                             û⌐∞ºÿφÉÉⁿ ù√ÉÉñÆ⌠ì ûñ¡Éô■ σ≥ ùº≤ÉóÆ⌠ 
   û· »ñ√ΩÿÄ ΘΩ√ñÆ⌠ì û½Θô■ ó≡ ≤ª≤óÆ⌠   
                             )£⌡ ÿ⌡√ⁿ Ω¡ô■ φñóÆ⌠ì ûóßô■ ±ºÿ±≤óÆ⌠( 
               )∞· Ñ Üô⌠ ±ô ûφñóÆ⌠ì ñ∙ æΘÿÄ ûε ñÆ( 
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                             ûóñ¬Å Ñ ßÜÑì ºôö≡ì ûûñ¬Å Ñ û√≥ì óñ σ≥ 
   ∞· ±₧√» Θ¡≡ ⌡ ÿΩ⌡■ì ûñ ß∩≥ Æ⌡ºÿÄ ⌐û≤≥ 
                             )£· Ñ≤≥ £⌡ ≤ô■ ≈ñ ó≥ Ñ≤⌡Æ■ ⌐⌡δÆ⌡ ó≥î( 
               )∞· ∩ºô⌠ σ√ûÄ á⌡⌐ÿñ û≤⌡ÆÑó Æ√⌠ ≤⌡Æ ñÆ(
 
   £⌡ ≤°Éôó »ûΣ "⌐°≤ôÑ■" áºÿ· ≤ô■ ûñ ∩ûÄ    
                             Ñ ≤⌡Æ■ ≈Üñ ñ⌡√¬Åì ó≡ ⌡■ ûÿôûÄ ⌡óñ ÿûÄ 
    £⌡ ºù°ñ ≤⌡ñ ûô⌐óì Ñ »∩⌡π ±ô∙ ⌡ ∞⌡∞ûÄ 
                             )Ñ ≤⌡Æ■ ±ñτ √ô ₧δ ì û⌐≤⌡ ∞· óñ ó≡⌐ûÄ( 
               )σ≥ ó≡ ûó⌡ºÿÄ φΘÿ⌠ £· á⌡⌐ºÿÄ "⌐°ñ√ôñÆ"( 




  
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THelpTopic╕ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
 ║█     ⌐ΓÉñ: ...ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó                   █╨
 ║█     ⌐ôßñ: ±⌡ε≤ô Üε≡ Æ∩ó√⌠ ±⌡∩⌡■ û∩áⁿ   █╨
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      ÿô ½⌡ñÿÄ ù√⌡≤ó Ü°ÉÉô⌠ ûÉ⌡óì ß∩ÉÉⁿ ûÉ⌡ó    
                              ÿô ≤Ω¬Å Ñ±√⌠ û⌡ó ⌡ Ñ±ô⌠ û⌡óì ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      ⌐ô≈ⁿ ∞· ⌡∩ⁿ û⌡ó ⌡ ⌡½ⁿ û⌡óì ß∩ÉÉÉⁿ ûÉ⌡ó   
                              º∩»ô⌠ ºáô ⌡ ∞ÉÉÉñ≥ ⌡ ÜÉ⌡óì ß∩ÉÉⁿ û⌡ó 
      ≈≥ æó≥ ⌡ ≈≥ ⌐√ÖÄ ⌡≈≥Æóñ√¿Å ⌡ ≈≥ Æ∩√ô¿Å    
                              ≈≥ ½ÉÉô∩ƒ ù√Éµ±ûÉñ ⌡ óÆ⌡óì ß∩Éⁿ ûÉ⌡ó 
      ≈≥ ±⌡ºⁿ ⌡ ≈≥ ß√ºⁿ ⌡ ≈≥ á¡ñ ⌡ ≈≥ Æ√É⌡ûÄ 
                              ≈≥ √⌡ºΘÄ ⌡ ≈≥ √⌡≤¿Å ⌡ ≈≥ ≈⌡óìß∩ⁿ û⌡ó
      ±ºÜ⌡ó ±ε√∞Ä ∞É· ⌐ÉÉó æó≥ Ñß∩ÉÉÉⁿ ⌐ÉÉÉó    
                              æó≥ £⌡ √∞ⁿ Ωû∩· ⌡ ±ºÜÉ⌡ó ß∩ÉÉⁿ ûÉÉ⌡ó 
      æ⌠ ßôñΘÄ ºÜôó ∞É· áÉÉô∞Ä óñ¬Å ÆÑ ΩÉÉóñ    
                              ûñ ∞≤ÉφÉñ∙■ ßñ¬Å û√ÉΘÑ⌡óì ß∩ÉÉⁿ ûÉ⌡ó 
      ≈≥ Æ⌡≡ ⌡ ≈É≥ æáÉñ ⌡ ≈É≥ αÉô≈Éñ ⌡ ûÉô»⌠  
                              ≈≥ ßÉôûó ⌡ ≈≥ ±Γûó ⌡ ±ΓûÉ⌡óì ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      æ⌠ ∩₧±É∞Ä ∩₧±Éⁿ û⌐≤É⌡ ÿô ∞É· ûÉÉóÆ≤ÉÉⁿ    
                              æ⌠ √Éôñ ∞É· Æ⌡ ≤Θ¿Å ≤ûⁿ û⌡óì ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      ±⌡ºÉÉÉÉⁿ ⌡ ß½Éô ⌡ √ÉÉó û√¡Éô ⌡ ≤ûÉÉ⌡ÿÄ    
                              óñ ±½Éñ û· ΘñßÉÉ⌡⌠ ∞É· û≤±⌡ó ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      £≤óÆ≤∞· óñ æΘôδ ≤αÉñ ∞ÉÉÉÉñó≥ ⌡ ó√ÉÉó≥    
                              ÆÑ ñ⌡■ √Ω√⌠ óñ ≈±ÉÉ· ±⌡ÜÉÉ⌡ó ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      áôÿ≥ ∞· óñ Æ≤φÉ⌐ÿÄ º∩√±Éô⌠ ≤ûÉⁿ ûÉÉÉ⌡ó    
                              æ⌠ ≤⌡ñ áóÆ√ÉÉⁿ ∞É· ûñ Æ⌡ û⌡ó ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      æ⌠ ⌐ô∙ ºñÆΘÉÉñÆÑ ∞ÉÉ· Æ≤óñ ⌐ûÄ ±ΓÉÉñÆ¢   
                              ûÉÉô Æ₧±ÉÉó ±áÿÉÉôñ √∞ⁿ û⌡óì ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      æ⌠ Ω∩Γ· φ⌐ô√ÉÉÉÉⁿ ∞· óñ Ω∩ΓÉÉ·■ á√ûÉÉñ    
                              ûñ ∞≤ÉÉó û√∞Ä ₧±∩· ⌡ ûφ⌐⌡óì ß∩Éⁿ û⌡ó 
      æ⌠ φÉÉñó ºñÆΘÉÉñÆÑ ∞· Æ≤ÉÉóñ ñ∙ ÆºÉÉε≥    
                              ÿô ∞ôñ ≤⌐Éó ñÆºÉÿÄì ≤√ÉÉôº⌡ó ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
      æ⌠ ⌐√ÉÉñ óε⌡ñ ∞ÉÉÉÉ· ûÉÉñÆ■ »±Σ ≤ΘÉÉ¿Å  
                              ûñ áÉÉ⌡Æ⌠ Ü°Éô⌠ ù≤Ü· ≤√ô∩⌡óì ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 
     Æ√⌠ ∞Θñ ≤ûÉô⌐óì ºáÉÉ⌠ ∞ΘÉÉÉñ ≤É· Æ√≤ºÿÄ    
                              ÿÉÉô ≈ºÿÄ ß∩Éⁿ ûô⌐ó ⌡ ÿô û⌡ó ß∩ⁿ û⌡ó 



 
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THelpTopic╕ ║╔▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀╞╨
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   ÆÑ  ß∩Éⁿ æ±É⌡Ñ  ÆáÉε¼Å   ß±É≡      ⌐√ñ ₧δ ñÆ óÆ⌠  ±≤ÉÑ∙ ÆÑ óσÉÉ≡ 
   óñ σÑÆ ûñ ù°∩⌡Æ≤Éⁿ óºÿÄ √ôΘÿÄ      Ñ⌡ó ⌐±É⌐√Éñ■ ûñ æ⌡ñó ⌡ ⌐ÿôΘÿÄ 
   Æ⌡ áó⌡ Æ≤óÆáÿÄ ûÉñ ñ⌡■ ß∩ÉÉÉⁿ      ÆΘÿáôñ ≈ñ ⌡½ÉÉⁿ ⌡ ≈ÉÉñ ⌡∩ÉÉÉⁿ 
   æ⌠ áó⌡ Ñó ûñ ñáⁿ ∞· ñ⌡■ ±ÉÉô∙      ºÜó∙ æñó ù√¬Å Æ⌡ óñ ºÜó∙ φÉô∙ 
   óñ Ñ±ô⌠ Æ≤óÆáÿÄ ⌐±⌐√ñ æ⌠ ß∩Éⁿ      ∞ÉÉñó Æ⌡ Æ≤óñ σÑÆ√¬Å ∞ô≈∩ÉÉÉⁿ 
   φ⌐ÿÄ ₧√ñÆ⌠ æ⌠ ±ûôñÑ Ñ√⌠ ß±ÉÉ≡      ÆÑ ≤É±⌡ó⌠ ßΘÉ⌡ ⌡ ñ₧±ÿÄ ûⁿ ±₧≡ 
   φΘÿÄ ûñ ±⌠ ÿ√Φ ÿ√Ñ ÆΘñÆ⌐ÿÉÉÉⁿ      ÆÑ £É· ÆΘ∞≤ÉÉó■ì ±ñÆ ûφúÆ⌐ÿⁿî 
   æ⌠ £· ó√ó■ û°ÿñ ÆÑ ù√∞Éôñ ±É⌠      ÿô ⌐ÉÉóºÿⁿ ºÉºÿÄ óñ Æ⌐∞ôñ ±⌠î 
   æ⌠ £·ó√ó■ ∞· £≤√⌠ á⌐±ÿÄ ≤⌐ºÿÄ      ÿô £≤√⌠ ûñΩⁿ ≤±⌡ó ⌡ ûôÑ ÜºÿÄî 
   æ⌠ £·ó√ó■ ∞· ±ñ ÆÑæ⌠ ß∞¿Å ó√ó      óñ ó≡ ⌡ Üô⌠ ⌐Γ∩·√Éⁿ æ±ó ùó√óî 
   æ⌠ £· ó√ó■ ûñÿñ ÆÑ∞⌡⌠ ⌡ ±∞Éô⌠      ∞Γû· ÆÑ Üô⌠ û⌡ó⌡ ûá⌐√ó√≥ Üô⌠î 
   óñ ⌐ÜÉÉôßÿÄì ⌐√ÉÉñ ñûô≤√ºÿÉÉⁿ      óñ ±ñ⌡ÿÄ á⌡ó ∞· óÆ≤ó ∞√ºÿÉÉⁿî 
   Æ■ ß∩Éⁿ ∞· Ü±∩· ßΩ≡ ⌡ ó√ó∙√Éⁿ      ⌐±·√ⁿ ⌡Æφ⌡ ÆÑ æ≤£· ó√ó∙√ÉÉÉÉⁿ 
   ÿ√Φ ₧∩±ÿÄ Üô⌠ ±ô ñÆ £ô∞Ä ∞Éñó      æûÄ ß∩±ÿÄ áô∞Ä ±ô ñÆ ùô∞Ä ∞ñó 
   ûôÑφ⌡ Æ■ ûôÑ ßñ¬Å á⌡¬Å ⌐∞ÉÉôñ      ÿô £· ó√ó■ Æ√⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ÆÑ ∞ñóφôñî 
   £⌐≥ ÿÉÉ⌡ ÆóñÆ∞Ä ß√ûÄ æ±⌡áÿÉÉ·      £⌐±°Éô■ ₧ÉÉô¡ñÆ⌠ ûÉÉñ ó⌡áÿÉÉ· 
   √ôÿ⌡ ⌡Æφ⌡ æ≤£· ßΩ∩ÿÄ √ôΘÿ·ºÿÄ      √ô ûφ⌡√≥ æ≤£· ûñ ±⌠ ÿôΘÿ· ºÿÄ 
   ÆÑ ÿ⌡ ûñ±⌠ ÿôΘÿÄ ù≤°ô⌠£⌡⌠∞≤ⁿî      ûⁿ ÑûÉÉô⌠ £⌡⌠ ±ô∙ ùñÿ⌡ ±√Ñ≤Éⁿ 
   ∩√∞Ä Æφñ óñ φΘÿÄ æ√ó Ωñ¼Å ±ô∙      ⌐ûÉñ⌡Æ⌠ ñÆ Ñ⌡óÿÉÉñ æñó ûÉÉñÆ∙ 
   φΘÿÄ:±⌠ ÿ√Φ ÆÑ ùⁿ ₧Éδ ±√Ñ≤ÉÉ≥      û≤Éó∙■ ₧ΩÉ≥ ≤ÉÉ· ±±∩É⌡∞Ä ÿ≤É≥  



 
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    áºñ⌡Æ φ⌡■ Θ∩É∞Ä óñ á≥ £⌡φô⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó    
                               ºô₧ÿÄ ∞⌡⌠ ⌡ ±∞ô⌠ ßñ½·■ ±√óÆ⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó 
    ≈±· æΘôδ φÉñΘÿÄ ⌡ ≈±· Æ»ñÆΘÄ φ⌐Éôó    
                               ½√ÿÄ á∩δ ÿ⌡ ∞· ù√⌡ºÿ· ≤φ°ûô⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó 
    Ñ∩ΘÄ áôÿ⌡⌠ αΘÉñì ⌐√Θÿ·■ ùñ£É≥ ÿºÿÄ    
                               ó√ó∙■ ΘÿÉÉƒ ÆûÉó ßÉÉô⌐δ Ü⌡ε⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó 
    »√ñ∙ Ü∩⌡∙■ »⌡ûÉⁿ Ωó ó∩ÜÉ⌡■ ÿ⌡ ⌐ÉÉó    
                               σ√ñÿÄ á∩ó ûñ√ÉÉ⌠ ºô₧ÿÄ ûºÿô⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó 
    ≤· û·ÿ≤°ô ₧√⌡Æ≤ôÿÄ⌡ ≤ûôÿôÿÄ ⌡ Ü±ôó    
                               ≈ñ £· óñ ßÉÉô∩≥ Æ±ñºÿÄ ûΘñ±ô⌠ ÿ⌡ûôó 
                 "₧ÉôΘα" áºÿ· ûôáε¼Å Ö≤ô á⌡Æ⌠ ÿ⌡  ⌐ó
                 ∩»ΘÄ ßô≥ ÿ⌡ ⌐Θôûá¬Å Ö≤ô á⌡Æ⌠ ÿ⌡ ûôó 
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    ÿô ûôó∙■ ß⌐δ óñ Ωóƒ ñ√áÿ·Æ≤ó     ⌡ Æ≤óñ ùⁿ ß⌐δì ßô⌐δ Æ≤φ√áÿ·Æ≤ó 
    ûô Üô⌠ ⌡ ñ⌡Æ⌠ û⌡ß∩ⁿì ±°ñ ß∩ⁿ     £⌡⌠ ⌐√ñ ⌡ ⌐∞ñ û°≥ óñ æ±√áÿ·Æ≤ó 
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    óñ ±ú≈ûÄì ∞ε≥ ₧δì ≤ôó ß∩ⁿ ºÿÄ    »ôßÿÄ ∞· Ωû⌡≡ ₧δ⌐⌡ó √ôó ß∩ⁿºÿÄ 
    ÆÑ Ü±∩ÉÉ·■ æΘñ√≤¬Å ∞⌡⌠ ⌡ ±∞ô⌠    ±Ω½É⌡ó áÉÉóÆ ß∩ⁿ ⌡ Æ⌡εó ß∩ⁿºÿÄ 
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    ½ô₧ûÄ ∞ñ±ⁿ ∞· ½ó á»ô ±ⁿ ûá⌐ó    á⌡¬Å ûô¬Å )½Θⁿ( ∞· Üñ≥ ±ô ±ⁿûá⌐ó 
    æ≤ñÆ∞· Ü⌡■±°ñ ß∩ⁿóñ ó≡ Æ⌡ºÿÄ    ≈ñ £≤ó  φ≤É·   ∞≤ó ì áóÆ ±ⁿ ûá⌐ó 
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    ó⌡⌐√≤É· ûá⌡ÆûÄ ₧⌐ñ ó√Éó≥ ûñ ùô      óñûô⌠ Æñ≥ ºÿôó∙ óñ óºÿÄ ß½ô 
    ñΘÿ≥ ∞· ÆÜôÑÿÄ »∩û≥ φΘÿÄ ∞·Æ■î      φΘÿ≥ ∞· σε≥ ß∩ⁿÆ≥ ìφΘÿÄ û√ô 
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                                             ]±√ñ σε≥ æÑÆó û∩φñÆ±ⁿ[ 
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    ÜÑ ≤⌡ñ ß∩ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ Æφñ óñ∞Ä û⌡ó      ûô  σ√ñ  ß∩ⁿ ∞√≥ ºÉñ ûñφÄ û⌡ó 
    φ⌡√≤ó ó≥ ±ñφÄ ß∩Éⁿ ñÆ û√≤ÉÉÉⁿ      Æ■ ∞ô¬Å ∞· ≈ñ ó±≥ ó≥ ±ñφÄ û⌡ó 
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φ⌡√≤ó: ⌐ôßñ■ óñ ß∩⌡ ±Ωô≥ ⌡ ±≤Ñ∩ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π(ì Æ√⌠ û√ÿÄ ⌐Γñ ñÆ ºñ⌡ó: G
  ±Üñ≥ìÆφñ ±₧ôºû· ₧⌐ñ ûô ß∩ⁿÆºÿÄ   ±⌠ ¡ô±≤≥ ÿ⌡ ≈ñ £·ûá⌡Æ≈ⁿ φ≤ô∙ ∞⌠!
 
V⌐ûÄ ≈≤φô≥ óñ ßô∩≥ á⌡ÆûÄ ₧¡ñÿÄ Æ±√ñ)π( ñÆ Ñ√ôñÿÄ ∞ñó. ₧¡ñÿÄ û· Æ⌡ Θñ±⌡ó: £≤√⌠ ⌐Γñ ûφ⌡: F 
  ±Üñ≥ì√Ω√⌠±₧ôºû· ₧⌐ñ ûô ß∩ⁿÆºÿÄ    ⌐ñ≥ÆÑ ñí ß∩ⁿ ∞⌠ ⌡ ∞±ÿñ φ≤ô∙ ∞⌠!




 
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⌐∞Ä ≤√ºÿÄ ∞· ÿñÜ±· Θ≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ αñ√ΘÄ ⌡ óΩ√δ ⌡ ó⌐⌡Æñì ⌡ Æ√⌠ ±Γ≤ⁿ  óñ ±⌡ñó ∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· æ⌠ ñÆ "Θñ⌡ÿñ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ áóÆ ⌡ ΘñÆÿñ ÆÑ ºá⌠ û⌐ñ" φΘÿ·Æ≤ó  û±ñÆÿûÄ ½óδ û√⌐ÿñ■ óÆñóì ∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· φñóæ⌡ñ≤ó∙ áû√ñ ⌡ û½√ñ æ⌠ì º√ó  ⌐ñ√ΘÄ Æû⌡Æ∩₧º⌠ ±₧±ó ñ¡ⁿì óñûôñ∙ æ⌠ φ⌡√ó: "ºá≤ô⌠ ûñφÑ√ó∙ ºñ⌡ñ ±ôì  Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ì ºñ£⌐±· ⌡ æû⌐á⌡ñ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ⌡ ±≤⌐ô ⌡ áôºÿφô∙ ûεσÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡  Æ½⌡≡ ⌡ Ω⌡Æ≤√⌠ ºá⌠ ⌡ ºá≤⌡ñ■ ÆÑ æ⌠ ÆΩÿûô¿Å ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ñ⌡¬Å æ⌠ ºñ±⌐δ ≈ñ  á»√ûÄ Æó√ûÄ ⌡ ºá≤⌡ñ Æñ√ûⁿ φ⌐ÿ· ⌡ ûô Æ√≤°±· ∞¿Å óñ ΘñÆá≤ô■ ûεσÿÄ ⌡ ù°≤·  ñºô√ⁿ û· φñó æ⌠ ≤ñº√ó∙ ÆºÿÄì Ñ√ñÆ Æ√⌠ ∞ε≥ ≤±⌡≤·Æ■ ÆÑ ß∩≥ Æ∩°ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡  û⌡■ ºá⌠ ù√ô±ûñ φñÆ±ⁿ ½∩ⁿ Æ∩∩· ß∩√· ⌡ æ∩· ÆÑ æ⌠ û· ±⌐ô≥ Üô⌠ ±ⁿñºó"ì √ô û·  ÿΓû√ñ ù√ñÆºÿ· ⌡ ±ºÜΣ ±ÿñÜ≥ Θô¡≡ì Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ì "∞ÿôûⁿ  ∞· »ñÆÑ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ù√ñÆ√· ûεσÿÄì ßñû√ÿÄ ñÆ û°ô ΘÑÆ√ó ⌡ ó√⌠ ⌡ ó≤√ô ñÆ  û· ∞ôñ æ√óì ∞· ûεσÿⁿ £≤ô⌠ ≤· óñ φΘÿôñ■ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ±ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ⌡ ≤· √∞Üô óñ  ∞ÿôûⁿ ≈≥ ... Θ½ô₧ÿÄ á⌡ó ñÆ û· ∞ε≥ ₧¡ñÿ¬Å æñÆ√ó ÿô û· Ü±ô≡ ñºó ⌡  ûεσÿÄ óñ ∞≤ôñ Æ⌡ ÑÆ√ó ⌡ û· ∞±ô≡ ñºó."  ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· £≤ó√⌠ ûôñ û· Θôñºⁿ ÿñÜ±· ⌐ó∙ ⌡ Θô¡ε⌠ ñ⌡Ñφôñ  P

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⌐ñ₧°ô√ⁿ ûñ æ⌠ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó ⌡ ûôñ≈ô û· £ôùÄ ñº√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ÿΘô⌡ÿÄ √ô ±Ñ√ÿÄ  ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ∞· Æ∞≤⌡⌠ óñ óºÿÄ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ φñÆ±ⁿ ΩñÆñ óÆñóì ßε⌡∙ ûñ ½₧ÿÄ ⌡  Æ±ô≤ÿÄ ⌡ ÆÿΩô⌠ ⌡ ÿ»û√δ √∞ô√∞Ä ⌡Æªφô⌠ ßñûⁿ ûô Θôñºⁿì óñ ±ñÆßôÿÄ ⌡√ªφⁿ  Æóûⁿ Æ√⌠ ÆÖñ Üô⌡óÆ≤ⁿì √Γ≤ⁿ û· ∞ôñ ûñó⌠ ½≤ô√Σ ∩Θαⁿ ⌡ æñÆ√⌐°ô■ Æóûⁿ ÆÑ  ÆºÿΓôñ∙ ⌡ ÿ⌐û√· ⌡ Ü≤ô¿Å ⌡ ±⌡ÆÑ≤· ⌡ ±ñÆßôÿÄ ≤α√ñ ⌡ û⌡√ª∙ ºÜΣ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ  ûñφñóÆ⌠ Θôñºⁿ ÿô æ≤Üô ∞· ±±∞⌠ û⌡ó∙ ±⌡ñó ÿ⌡Ü· ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· Æ±ô ûô Æ√≤°±· ±Γ≤ⁿ  ΘóÆ■ æñÆ√¬Å ∩Θα ≤⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ßε⌡∙ ûñ Æ√⌠ì Æºÿôó ⌐°√ó■ ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô√ⁿ ±≤ôºûÄ ⌡  ûô√ºÿ· ûñ á»û·≈ô ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó ∞· óñ ùô√ô⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ æ±ó∙ ⌡ óñ  ñ⌡⌐⌠ ºôáÿ⌠ ⌡¡Σ Æ⌐áô¼Å ⌡ ÆÜÿ±ôπì ±Γ≤ⁿ ⌡Æª∙≈ô ⌡ ∞ôñûñó æ≤°ôì ⌡ ÿôÖ√ñ  φΘÿôñ Æ±ô≥ ≈±ô≥ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ óñ ºñÆ√≤óφô⌠ ⌡ ≤⌡√º≤óφô⌠ ±ÿ¡±⌠ Θô√ó∙ ûº√ôñ  ÆºÿÄ.  Æ±√ó ÆºÿÄ Æ√⌠ áó±ÿÄ Θñ≈≤φⁿ û· ßô∩≥ ±ΓôñΘÄ ßα√≥ ⌡ Ω⌡√≥ Æºε±ⁿ  óñ ù√⌐φô∙ ½ô₧ûÄ ⌐ñ√ΓÿÄ ß∩√· æεΘÄ Æ∩ÿ₧√╡ ⌡ Æ∩ºε≥ ⌡ ±₧¡ñ ₧¡ñÿÄ ±⌡ε■  ±ÿΩ√ô⌠ ⌡ Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ ±Ωû⌡≡ ⌡ ±ôÜ⌡ñ ⌡ óñ ó√óφô∙ Æ½₧ôûÄ óÆ≤¬Å ⌡  û√≤¬Å ±≤α⌡ñ ÆΘÿó. ⌡ ±⌠ Æ∩∩· Æ∩ÿ⌡Θ√δ.  



 
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∞ÿôûⁿ ∞· ûô ÿñÜ±· Θôñºⁿ Æ√⌠ ∞±ÿñ√⌠ áó±ÿφÑÆñ ó√⌠ ⌡ óÆ≤¬Å óñ  Æáÿ√ôñ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ΩñÆñ óÆñóì ûñÆ■ Æ⌡ ≤ô æ⌐≤ô ≤√ºÿÄ. ûºô ∞· á⌡ó ΘΩñ∙≈ôöⁿ ÆÑ æ⌠ ⌡  √ô ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ÆÑ æ⌠ ΘΩñ∙≈ô ñÆ á⌡Æ≤ó∙ √ô ÆÑ φ⌡√≤óφô⌠ ó√≤ⁿ ⌡ √ô ÆÑ ±Γ∩±ô⌠  á⌡√¬Å ⌐≤√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. "≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·"*1* √ô ñÆ∙ ºá⌠ ñºô φΘÿ⌠ Æ√⌠ ÿñ∞√ûÄ Ñ√ûô  ≤ô±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ñ₧±╡ Æ∩∩· ß∩√· ûñ φñó æ⌡ñó∙ á⌡ó ÆÑ á»û·≈ôì  ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ φΘÿôñ≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ±⌡∩ⁿ Æ±√ñÆ∩±÷±≤√⌠ ß∩ⁿ ß∩√·Æ∩ºε≥ ≤°ôó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  óñ ±√ô⌠ ≈ÑÆñÆ⌠ ≤ô≥ ∞· ±½≤Θô⌠ì ±÷∩Θô⌠ ⌡ √ô ±ÿñÜ±ô⌠ ₧⌡Ñ∙ ±º∩±ô≤ⁿ ûñ  ∞ÿôûÄ≈ô■ á⌡ó ≤°ôó∙Æ≤óì ≈√¥ ≤ô±ⁿ £⌡⌠ "≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·" ûô ±₧ÿ⌡Æ■ ∞ÿôûÄ  ±≤»ûδ ≤√ºÿÄ ⌡ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ φΘÿÄ Æ√⌠ ≤ô≥ ÆÑ ßô∩≥ σ√ûÄ ûñ ó≡ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ  ñ₧±·Æ∩∩· ╜Θô¡· φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ∞· "╛╕º±ôò ÿ≤Ñ≡ ±⌠ Æ∩º±ôò" ñÆ∙ ºá⌠  ñºô φΘÿ⌠ ñÆ óñ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ûô√ó √ôΘÿÄ.  æ≤∞· ûá⌡Æ≈ó ßñûⁿ û≤⌡√ºó √ô û· ßñûⁿ ºá⌠ φ⌡√ó ⌡ φΘÿ· ⌡■ ùáÿ·  ûô⌐ó ⌡ û· Ü±ô≡ æñÆºÿ· ⌡ ∩Θα æ⌠ ºáÿ· ⌡ ÆÑ ⌡Æª∙ ≤ôûÜô ù√ñÆºÿ·ì ûô√ó óñ Æ√⌠  ±Ü±⌡ß· û≤φñó ⌡ æ≤ñÆ ûôñ≈ô ûá⌡Æ≤óì ⌡ ΘΩñ∙≈ô√¬Å ñÆ û∞ôñ ûñó ÿô ±∩∞· ûεσÿÄ óñ  φΘÿ· ⌡ √ô ≤⌡⌐ÿ· Æ⌡ ùó√ó φñóóì ⌡ ºá≤¬Å ±⌡ñó Ωû⌡≡ ≈±φô⌠ ÆΘÿó. £≤ô≤∞·  N

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φ⌡√≤óφô⌠ ⌡ ±ÿñºε⌠ ßñûÄ ÆÑ ºó∙ ≤áºÿ√⌠ ≈ÜñÿÄ û· ûΓó £≤√⌠ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó.  ßûóÆ∩₧±√ó û⌠ √₧√ⁿ ßô±ñ■ ±Ωÿ⌡≡ û· ºô≡ 231 ∙.δ ∞ôÿûÄ ±ñ⌡Æ⌠ û⌠ ±₧±ó  æáñ√⌠ á∩√Θ· ±ñ⌡Æ≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ. óñûôñ∙ Æ⌡ φΘÿ·Æ≤ó ≈≤ñ ∞ÿôûÿÄ û· ßûóÆ∩₧±√ó æσôÑ  φñó√ó. ßûóÆ∩₧±√ó φΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ: ≈Θÿôó á»û· ÆÑ á»û·≈ô■ ╛½∩Σ*2* ñÆ ÆÑûñ ∞ñó≥  ⌡ Æ√⌠ á»û·≈ô óñ ú≈⌠ ±⌠ ùⁿ óñ ùⁿ )£⌡⌠( £⌐±·Æ■ Ü⌡⌐√ó*3*.  ⌡ Æû⌡ßÖ±ô⌠ Üô₧α )≥-552 ≈δ( ∞· Æ⌡ ñÆ Æ±ô≥ ÆóûÄ ßñûⁿ  ⌐±ñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ ±ºΓ⌡ó■ ⌡■ ñÆ Θ½√ƒÿñ√⌠ ≤⌡√º≤óφô⌠ º∩ΘÄ óÆ≤ºÿ· ÆºÿÄ ù¿Å ÆÑ  ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ Æ√⌠ ΘΩñ∙ ÆÑ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ "Ω√±· ∞≡ Æ±ñ■ ±ô √₧º⌠"*4*. £≤√⌠ ≤⌡√ºó:  Æφñ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ*5* ÜÑ ≈±√⌠ Ü±∩· ñÆ ≤óÆ⌐ÿ√≥ì æ≤ñÆ ⌐ôΘⁿì ∞ôΘⁿì ûº≤ó∙ ⌡  ûⁿ≤√ôÑ ∞≤≤ó∙ ±ⁿ√ôΘÿ√≥. û∩∞· æ≤ñÆ ΘÑ⌡⌠ ÆÑ ∞Θô√ÿÄ ⌡ ±≤ÿ°ⁿ û· σô√ÿÄ ±ⁿó√ó√≥  ⌡ ≤√∞⌡ÿñ√⌠ ºá⌠ æ≤ºÿÄ ∞· Æ≤ó∞Ä æ⌠ ÿ⌡ ñÆ ÆÑ ûº√ôñì ûⁿ≤√ôÑ ºôÑó ⌡ ±Γ≤ⁿ æ⌠  óñ αô≈ñ ∩Θα æ⌠ û⌡ó*6*.  Æû⌠ ≤ûôÿ· ßûóÆ∩ñ₧√≥ û⌠ ±₧±ó û⌠ Æº±ôß√≡ )≥-473 ≈δ( ∞· ÆÑ  Æó√ûô⌠ û≤ô≥ì ⌡ á»√ûô⌠ ±⌐°⌡ñ ßñûÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ ₧∩ûÄ óñ ß°ó º√ΘÄ Æ∩ó⌡∩· ±≤½ûÄ  á»ôûÿÄ óÆ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄì φ⌡√ó: ÆÑ á»ôû·≈ô φ≤Üⁿ ÆÑûñ ∞ñó≥ ∞· ≈ñ £≤ó ÆÑ æ⌠  ûñóÆñ≥ ≤±ⁿ∞ô≈óì ⌡ ÆΘÑ⌡⌠ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó ⌡ û√⌐ÿñ æ≤£· ÆÑûñ ∞ñó≥ √∞½ó Θ½≡ ÆÑ  ±⌡ßαÿÄ≈ô■ ß∩ⁿ û⌠ Æûⁿ »ô∩ûÄ ÆºÿÄ*7*.  Ñ∞ⁿ ±ûôñ∞Ä óñ ∞ÿôûÄ "Æ∩≤Öñ Æ∩Θ≤ⁿ" æ≤Üô ∞· ÆÑ ºû∞Ä Æû⌡Æº₧ôδ  ½ôûⁿ )≥-083( ºá⌠ ±ⁿφ⌡√ó ΘΩñ∙Æ■ ÆÑ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ½ôûⁿ ñÆ æ⌡ñó∙ ⌡ £≤√⌠  ≤⌡√ºó: Æφñ ±ô Æ√⌠ ßûôñÿÄ ñÆ ûô ≈±ô≤≤ó æ⌠ ∞· ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ φΘÿôñ ß∩ⁿ  æ⌡ñó∙ ûñÆûñ ∞≤√≥ì ±ⁿû√≤√≥ ½ôûⁿ ⌡ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ≈ñ ó⌡ ÆÑ √∞Ä æû⌐á⌡ñ º√ñÆûÄ  ⌐ó∙Æ≤ó*8*.  ùª⌡≈≤ó∙ ≈ñ φô∙ á»û·≈ô ⌡ ñºô∩·≈ô■ Æó√ûô⌠ ßñûÄ ⌡ û∩∞· ⌐Γñ≈ô■  ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ ßñûⁿ Ñûô⌠ ù¿Å ÆÑ Æºε≥ ñÆ ûññºⁿ ∞≤óì á⌡Æ≈ó ó√ó ∞±ÿñ ⌐ôßñ ⌡  Æó√ûⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±Γ≤√ⁿ ñÆ ÆÑ ºá≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( ≤φñΘÿ· ⌡ √ô φΘÿ· Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ⌡  √ô ºñ⌡ó∙ á⌡√¬Å ÿ¡±√⌠ ≤∞ñó∙ ûô⌐ó*9*. O

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óñ ÿΓñ√ΘÄ ûεσÿÄ φΘÿ·Æ≤óì ±ÿ≤ôºûÄ û⌡ó⌠ ºá⌠ Θ½√ƒ ÆºÿÄ ûô ±Ωÿ¡ô■  ₧ô≡ì √Γ≤ⁿ ñßô√ÿÄ ∞ñó⌠ ⌡¡Σ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ⌡ √ô á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ÆÑ Ü°ÿÄ ±√ÑÆ⌠ óñ√ôΘÿÄì ⌡  ±ΩóÆñ Æ»επ ⌡■ì ≤√Ñ ñßô√ÿÄ ±⌡ΩΓ√ÿÄ Ñ±ô⌠ ⌡ ±∞ô⌠ ⌡ ó√φñ á½⌡½√ÿÄ≈ô ∞·  ±⌡ÜûÄ ⌐⌡ó ºá⌠ √ô ≤⌡⌐ÿ·ì óñ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ⌡ √ô á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ÆÖñ■ ±»∩⌡ûÄ ûÜô ≤°ó. û·  ÿΓû√ñ ∞⌡ÿô∙ÿñ û∩√Φ ∞ºⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ºá⌠ ñÆ ù√ñÆ√· û≤óó ⌡ óñÆÑ φ⌡√ó æ≤Üô ∞·  ûô√ó ⌡ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ºôÑó ⌡ ∩Θα ⌡■ ºôó∙ û⌡ó æ≤Üô ∞· óñÆÑ φΘÿ⌠ ⌡ ù√ñÆ√· ûºÿ⌠ ∩Θα  ñÆ 
╘≤⌐ô√ó. óΩÿÄ óñ ±Ü±⌡ß· ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ±ⁿºôÑó ∞·  á»û·≈ôì ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ φΘÿôñ≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ Æ±ô≥)π( ±½óÆδ óñºÿÄ £≤√⌠ ÿΓñ√Θⁿ  ÆºÿÄ. ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· á»û· ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó ⌡ ûô√ó ⌐≤⌡≤óφô⌠ ñÆ ÆÑ æ≤£· û· º⌡ó ó√⌠ ⌡  ó≤√ô■ æ≤ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ û√ôφô≈ô≤óì φΘÿ·Æ¬Å û· ÿΘ½√≡ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ æ≤Üô ∞· ⌐ô√ó ⌡  ºÑÆºÿÄ ⌡ ûô√ó ∞· ºá⌠ óñ ó≡ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ≤⌐√≤óì ⌡ Üô■ φ√ñó ⌡ Æ⌡ ÆÑ æ⌠ ºá⌠  ù≤ó ùú√ñóì ±Γ≤ⁿ ñÆ óñ ßûôñÿÄ≈ô■ φ⌡≤· φ⌡⌠ ≤⌐ô≤óì £≤ô≤∞· ≈ñ ßûôñÿÄ ≤∞ÿ·Æ■  ≤⌡ ñÆ ñºô≤óì ≈ñ ΘΩñ∙ óñºⁿ ñÆ æ±⌡Ñóì ⌡ £ñÆτ ó≡ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ñÆ û√⌐ÿñ ûñÆΘñ⌡Ñó.  û· ºá≤ô⌠ Æ⌡ ∞· óñ á»û· ≤áºÿ√⌠ ⌡ óñûôñ∙ Θñ⌐ÿφô⌠ ⌡ óñ á»û· σñÆ ⌡  Æ⌐ûôƒ ⌡ óñ £φ⌡≤φⁿ Ñ≤óφⁿ ⌡ ±ñφÄ Æ≤ºô⌠ æ±ó∙ û≤φñ√ó.  óñ Æ√⌠ á»û·≈ô ½₧≤·≈ô ⌡ ₧ô∩ÿÄ≈ô ñÆ £≤ô⌠ ⌡½ΘÄ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ∞· φ⌡öⁿ  ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ á⌡ó óñ æ≤Üô û· ºñ ±ⁿûñó. Æ√⌠≈ô ≤· ÿ≤°ô ≤⌐ô⌠ ó≈≤ó∙ û∩∞· æ±⌡Ñ≤ó∙  óΩÿÄ 
Eóñ ∩»ΘÄ ÿΓû√ñ ⌡ ₧º⌠ ÿñ∞√ûÄ ⌡ Ñ√ûôöⁿ ∩Θα ⌡ û∩≤ó■ ±Γ≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ. Æ±ô ≤∞ÿ·  O

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Æ½∩ⁿ √Γ≤ⁿ ûεσÿÄ √ô ±»ôûΩÿÄ φΘÿ· ûô ±Ωÿ¡ô■ ₧ô≡ ñÆì £≤ô≤∞· ûô√ó æ≤φô∙  óñ ±ⁿ√ôû√≥ ∞· ⌡¡Σ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ ß½ñ ⌡ ₧ô∩ÿÄ ±ºÿ±Γô⌠ Æ±ô≥ ñÆ óñ ≤αñ ûφ√ñ√≥  £· æφô≈ⁿ ÆÑ ⌡¡Σ æ≤ô⌠ óñ æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñφôñ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ô ñÆ ÆÑ ºñ ÿ∞ñÆñ £≤√⌠  ≤∞ÿ·≈ô óñ £≤ó á»û· æφô∙ ±ⁿºôÑó.  æ≤ô≤∞· ÿôñ√í ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ Æºε≥ ñÆ á⌡Æ≤ó∙Æ≤óì ±√óÆ≤≤ó ÆÑ ºô≡ û√ºÿÄ ⌡  ù≤Ü≥ ≈Üñ■ )ÿΩñ√ûô( Æ≤ó∞Ä Æ≤ó∞Ä ±Ωó±ôÿÄ ÜóÆöⁿ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ÆÑ ß½ñ ≤û⌡ÿÄ ⌡  ûôÑφ⌐ÿÄ û· Ñ≤óφô≤ⁿ ù√¬Å ÆÑ ûΓÖÿÄ æσôÑ φñó√ó. ûÑñφô⌠ ⌡ ΩóñÿÄ »∩ûô⌠ Ωñ√¬Å  ∞· ÿô Θÿƒ ±∞· ±º∩±ô⌠ ≤⌐ó∙ û⌡ó≤óì ù¿Å ÆÑ φ⌐⌡ó∙ ⌐ó⌠ Æ√⌠ ⌐°ñ ±Ωó¿Å  ù√¬Å ùô■ á⌡ó ñÆ≈ⁿ ÜÑ ùú√ñΘÿ⌠ Æºε≥ ≤ó√ó≤óì Æ±ô φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ÜÑ ∞∩±· ÿ⌡₧√ó  ⌡ ≤û⌡ÿÄ ∞· û· Ñûô⌠ æ⌡ñó≤ó ÿô Ñ≤ó∙ ±ô≤≤ó ÆÑ Æºε≥ £· ±ⁿóÆ≤ºÿ≤óî ≈√¥. ⌡ ⌐ô√ó  ≈≥ ≤±ⁿá⌡Æºÿ≤ó ûóÆ≤≤ó.  ó⌡ñÆ⌠ Ñ≤óφô≤ⁿ ùñ ûñ∞ÿÄ ñº⌡≡ Æ∞ñ≥ì ù¿Å ÆÑ Æ√⌠ Θÿƒ û√¬Å ÆÑ º· ºô≡  ≤û⌡ó. ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ ñ₧∩ÿÄ Æ⌡ ß½ñ Θÿ⌡₧ôÿÄ æσôÑ φñó√ó.  û√⌐ÿñ Æ√⌠ ûÑñφô⌠ ûô ±≤½ûÄ Θñ±ô≤ó≈ⁿ ñ⌡Æ≤· ±√óÆ⌠≈ô■ Ü≤φÄ ⌐ó≤ó ⌡ √ô  ⌡ε√ÿÄ ⌐°ñ≈ô■ φ⌐⌡ó∙ ñÆ √ôΘÿ≤ó. ºñφñ±ⁿ ºñÆ⌠ ±°ôÜñ ⌡ Æ≤½ôñ óñ Ü≤φÄ≈ô■  ûñ⌡⌠ ±ñÑ■ ÆÑ √∞º⌡ ⌡ ºôóφⁿ ⌡¡Σ ß±⌡≥ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ì ≤√Ñ ºáÿφ√ñ■ ≤ºûⁿ ó⌡  Ñ±ô±óÆñ ù¿Å ÆÑ ù√µ±ûñ ÆÑ º⌡■ ó√φñ ûô≤ô⌠ ñá½ÿÄ ≤±ⁿóÆó ∞· ≈ñ £·  ±ⁿá⌡Æ≈≤ó û∞≤≤ó. Æ±ô ÆÑ ºô≡ û√ºÿÄ ⌡ ù≤Ü≥ û· ûΓó Ñ±√≤· ûñÆ■ ÿôáÿÄ ⌡ ÿôÑ  Ωñ√¬Å ⌡ áô≤óÆ⌠ Æ±⌡■ æ±ôó∙ φñó√ó. ±ºô⌡ÆÿÄ Æºε±ⁿ Æ≤ó∞Ä Æ≤ó∞Ä ÆÑ ±√ô⌠  ñΘÿÄì ⌡ ∞ºô≤ⁿ ∞· á⌡ó ñÆ ½₧ôûⁿ ù√µ±ûñ ⌡ ₧ôΘα º≤ÿÄ Æ⌡ ±√ó√ó≤ó ÿñÜ√ƒ  óÆó≤ó Ñ≤óφⁿ ûⁿóñóºñ■ óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ σ≤√±ÿÄ≈ô■ Ü≤φⁿ ⌡ áÑÆ≤·  ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ≈ñ £· û√⌐ÿñ ûñóÆñ≤ó ⌡ áóÆ ⌡ ñ⌡Ñ ÜÑÆ ñÆ ≈ñ £· ∞±ÿñ û· √ôó  æñ≤ó. ó≡ ûºÿφⁿ æ≤ô⌠ û· Æ√⌠ Ü°ô⌠ ñ⌡ÑÆΘÑ⌡⌠ì ⌡ ßεΩ±≤ó■⌐ô⌠ û· æ⌠ Ü°ô⌠ ⌡  ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó⌠ ºôÑ æ⌠ Æ≤ó∞Ä. ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌐⌡ñ¬Å ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ⌡ ∞⌐ÿ· ⌐ó⌠ ßÖ±ô⌠ ⌡  û√ΓÿÄ ±°ôÜñ ⌡ Æ≤½ôñ ûô Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠ì Æ√⌠ óºÿ· ÆÑ ±ñó≥ ≤√Ñ óñ Ü±Σ Æ½₧ôûÄ Æ⌡  óñ æ±ó≤ó. Æ±ô £⌡⌠ ßóÆ∩ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ ñÆ óñ ÿΩº√≥ û√ÿÄ Æ∩±ô≡ ⌡ Ñ≈ó Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ Æ±ôñÿÄ  O

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ó√ó≤óì ≤ôá⌐≤⌡ó■ á⌡ó ñÆ û· Ñûô⌠ ⌡ ∞ñóÆñ û· Æ±ô≥ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ≤±⌡ó≤óì ⌡ Æ√⌠  φñ⌡∙Æ≤ó ∞· Æ±ô≥ æ≤ô≤ñÆ ûô ºá≤ô≤ⁿ ∞· ÿñÜ±· æ⌠ £≤√⌠ ÆºÿÄ Æ≤óñÑ ±ⁿó≈ó ⌡ ÆÑ  ó⌡Ñí ±ⁿÿñºô≤ó ⌡ û· ûñóÆ⌐ÿ⌠ ÿ⌡⌐· æáñÿÄ ±ⁿá⌡Æ≤ó:  "∞ôñ ÆÑ ñ⌡■ ó≡ £≤ô⌠ ∞≤√ó ∞· φ⌡öⁿ ÆÑ û√≥ Üô⌠ ∞≤√ó. ±⌠ £⌡⌠  û°⌐ÿÄ Üôöⁿ ñÆ ≤ó√ó∙Æ≥ á⌡Æ≈ô⌠ æ⌠ æº⌡ó∙ ⌡ ÆÑ ùô■ ≤⌐ºÿ·ì ⌡ ≤· £⌡⌠ ó⌡Ñí  ÿñº≤ó∙ ÆÑ æ⌠ áΘÿ· ⌡ ÆÑ û√≥ ñºÿ·.  ûóÆ≤√ó æ≤∞· ₧δ Æ⌡ ñÆ º⌡ó ≤ó≈ó ûô»≡ Ñ√ô≤¬Å ñºô≤ó ⌡ æ≤∞· û· ñÆ∙ ≤√Θÿó  φ±ñÆ≈ⁿ û· ≈ε∞ÿ¬Å ∞⌐ô≤ó. ⌐±ô ñÆ Θñ±⌡ó∙Æ≤ó ûôñ ûñ û≤ó√ó ⌡ ÿ⌡⌐· ûñφ√ñ√ó.  ±⌠ ûñ ⌐±ô ÆÑ ó⌡ £√Ñ û√⌐ÿñ ±ⁿÿñº≥: ó≤ûô≡ ≈⌡Æ■ ≤Θ¿Å ñΘÿ⌠ ⌡ æñÑ⌡■ óñÆÑ óñ  ºñ ùáÿ⌠. ù¿Å ÿô óñ Æ√⌠ Ü°ô≤√ó ÆÑ æ⌠ £≤óÆ⌠ ÿ⌡⌐· ûñóÆñ√ó ∞· ΘñóÆ á⌡ó ñÆ  ûóÆ⌠ ≤φô≈óÆ⌐ÿ⌠ ÿ⌡Æ≤√ó*01*."  ⌡ £· ≤∞⌡ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ óñ ùô√ô⌠ Æ√⌠ á»û· ∞· "Æφñ ºá≤ⁿ û⌡ó  ∞· ±ñó≥ ñÆ û· Ñ≈ó ∞⌐ô≤ó ⌡ û· ∞ôñ æáñÿÄ ≤ô£ôñ φñóÆ≤ó Æ√⌠ ºá⌠ ÆºÿÄ ⌡  óñûôñ∙ æ⌠ û¿Å ∞· ó≡ ñÆ ÆÑ æñÑ⌡≈ô £≤ô⌠ ûñ∞≤ó ∞· ñ⌡⌐⌠ ⌐⌡ó ⌡ ù≤ó ùú√ñó ⌡  û√¬Å ùⁿ ∞ôñ ó≤√ô ≤φ√ñó." ⌡ ≤√Ñ Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠:  "Æ±ô ±ñó±ô≤ⁿ ó√φñ≤ó ∞· √ôó Ω√ô±ÿÄ ó√ó∙⌐ô⌠ ñÆ Θñ⌡ á⌡Æûô≤√ó∙ ⌡ û√≥  ñºÿôá√Ñ ºñ⌐∞⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ñ⌡Æ⌠ φñóÆ≤√ó∙ √ô ÆÑ ±ñó≥ φñ√ÑÆ≤≤ó ⌡ √ô ±Ω°⌡ñ ⌡ ÿñºô⌠ ì √ô áô±⌡¬Å ⌡ ó≈ô⌠ ûºÿ· √ô ÆÑ ñ⌡■ Æáε¼Å û· óßô ≤⌐ºÿ· √ô φñ√ô⌠ ⌡ ó≡ ⌐∞ºÿ·.  óñ ∞≤¢ φ±≤ô±ⁿ áÑ√ó∙ ⌡ á⌡Æñ■ ⌡ ±ú∩ÿÄ ñÆ ûÜô⌠ áñ√ó∙ ...  ù¿Å ó≤√ô ñÆ áñó ±ΩóÆñÿñ ÆÑ ùñ ∞ô∙ ⌡ φ√ô∙ á⌐∞√ó∙ û√≤√ó. ⌡ ÆÑ ù√⌐√≤√ô⌠  á⌡ó ù≤ó φ√ñ√óì ù√¬Å ÆÑ æ≤∞· ùº√≤√ô⌠ ÆÑ ⌐±ô ßûñÿÄ φ√ñ≤ó. ó≤√ô■ ≤∞⌡≈√ó∙ ñÆ  ûñÆ≤√ó £· Æ⌡ ∞ºô≤ⁿ ñÆ ÆÑ á⌡ó ñÆ≤ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û√¬Å ÆÑ ⌐±ô ⌐√Θÿ· æ⌠ û⌡ó∙Æ≤ó*11*." ≤ûñó û½ñ∙ ∞· ≤áºÿ√⌠ óñφ√ñ■ óñ ₧⌡Ñ∙ ±º∩±ô≤ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ≈ñ £≤ó û· º⌡ó  á∩√Θ· ⌡ΩÿÄ ùô√ô⌠ √ôΘÿÄì ∩√∞⌠ Æ≤ó∞Ä Æ≤ó∞Ä ÆÖñ■ ≤ô±»∩⌡ûÄ óñ ú≈⌠ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ∞·  Æ√±ô≤ⁿ óñºÿÄ ≤óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ûôΩⁿ φúÆñó. ≤ûñó ½Θ√⌠ ⌡ ñ⌡√ôñ⌡öⁿ φñ⌡≈°ô■ √∞Ä  áô≤⌡Æó∙ ûô ≈≥ Æ√⌠ ≤φñÆ≤ⁿ ñÆ û√⌐ÿñ ∞ñó ⌡ óÆ±≤· ÆÖñ æ≤ñÆ óñ ó∩°ô φºÿñó∙ÿñ.  O

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ÿô æ≤Üô ∞· æ≤ô≤ñÆ óñ ñΘÿ⌠ û· ±√óÆ⌠ ∞ôñÑÆñ ûⁿñσûÿÄ ºôáÿÄì £≤ô≤∞· ≈ñ √∞Ä  ∞ôñ ñÆ ûΓ°ó∙ ó√φñ■ ±ⁿÆ≤óÆáÿÄ. óñ á»û·≈ôöⁿ ∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ ÆßÿñÆ«Å æ≤ô⌠ û· ñÆ■  óÆ⌡ñÆ⌠ á⌡Æ≤ó∙ ⌐ó∙ Æ±ô≥ ÆÑ ¡±√ñ Æ√⌠ óºÿ· áûñ ±√ó≈ó. ⌡ Æ√±ô⌠ ⌡ Æáε¼Å  á⌡ó ⌡ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ß½ñ ù√µ±ûñ ñÆ ΘñÆ√ôó æ≤ô⌠ ±ⁿæ⌡ñó:  "±ô óñ ±√óÆ⌠ ∞ôñÑÆñ ûô ñº⌡≡ áóÆ û⌡ó√≥. ùóñÆ⌠ì ùºñÆ⌠ì ûñÆóñÆ⌠ ⌡  ß±⌡≈ô■ á⌡√¬Å ñÆ ±ⁿ∞⌐ÿ√≥ ⌡ óñ á⌡⌠ ±ⁿæ∩⌡ó√≥ì Æ√⌠ á⌡√⌐ô⌡≤ó ∞⌐ⁿ ±ô ñÆ  ≤ôá⌡¬Å ≤±ⁿ≤±⌡ó û∩∞· ûñ Æ√±ô≤±ô⌠ ±ⁿÆΘÑ⌡óì ∞· óñ ñÆ∙ ñÆºÿÄ ùôûñÜô û⌡ó√≥ ⌡  óñ ºáÿⁿ≈ô ⌐∞√ûô ⌡ óñ Ü°ôó ûô ó⌐±⌠ ∞⌡⌐ô. φô∙ ÿ≤ⁿ ÆÑ ±ô ⌡ ÿ≤ⁿ ÆÑ ºùô∙  ó⌐±⌠ û· √∞ó√φñ ±ⁿÜºÿ≤ó ⌡ £⌡⌠ ó⌡ φô⌡ ≤ñ ºñ ⌡ ÿ⌠ ≈≥ ñÆ ±ⁿáºÿ≤ó. ≈ñ  √∞Ä ±ⁿá⌡ÆºÿÄ Üô≥ ñÆ û· ó√φñ■ û· ù√±ô√ó ⌡ ÆÑ ⌐ñûÿÄ ±ñφ¬Å º√ñÆûÄ ≤±ô√ó.  φô∙ ≤½ñÿÄ ÆÑ æ⌠ ±ô û⌡ó ⌡ φô∙ ó⌐±⌠ φ⌡■ ù√ñ⌡Ñ■ ñÆ ±ⁿñû⌡ó ... û· Üô≤≥  º⌡φ≤ó Æφñ ñΘÿôñ ±ô ≈±ô≤≤ó ⌐±ô û⌡ó ≤· ºÿ⌡⌠ ó√⌠ ûñ Üô û⌡ó ⌡ ≤· óñáÿÄ Æ√±ô⌠  ⌐ôóÆûÄ ⌡ á⌡¬Å ≤±ô*21*.  ⌡ æ≤Üô ∞· ±ⁿû√≤ó ≈≥ £⌐±ⁿ≈ô■ Ωû√∩·Æ■ ∞· óñ ß½ñ ñº⌡≡ áóÆ)¼Å(  ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ ñΘÿ· û⌡ó Ñ≤ó∙ φñó√ó∙ ⌡ ÆÑó■ û· ñΩôûÿÄ ÿ±√±ⁿ Æ√ºÿôó∙ ⌡ ±¡ñ■ ûô √±ô≤ⁿ  óñ ÆΘÿôó∙ ±ⁿΘñ±ô√ó:  "ûóÆ≤√ó ∞· ⌐±ô ù¿Å ÆÑ ≈ÜñÿÄ ⌡ ÆóûÄ æ±⌡áÿ⌠ ÆÑ ⌐ñ√ΓÿÄ û· á⌡■  ûôó√·≤⌐√≤ⁿ ûôÑ φ⌐ÿ√ó. ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ ù√⌡≤ó ó⌡ºÿⁿ óºÿ· óºÿ· ⌐ó√ó. ûô Æºε≥ ÜÑ  û· ≤ô≥ æ⌠ ûºÿφⁿ ≤óÆñ√óì ⌡ ÆÑ Æ√±ô⌠ ÜÑ ≤⌐ô⌠ æ≤ñÆ ≤±ⁿ⌐≤ôº√ó. ±ⁿφ⌡ö√ó û·  æÿ¬Å ±ⁿº⌡Ñ√≥ ⌡ ≤≤φÄ ñÆ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Ñ√≥ φ⌡√ô ±ⁿá⌡Æ≈√ó Æºε≥ ñÆ óφñφ⌡⌠ ∞≤√ó  ûô ùñó∙ ₧ñ±ÿ¬Å ñÆ óñ√ó⌠ ⌡ ñ⌐ÿ· ûñÆóñ■ ó√≤ⁿ ñÆ ûñ√ó⌠...*31*"  ûô ÿ⌡Ü· ûó√⌠ ⌡¡Σ ÆÜÿ±ôßⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ±ô ÆÑ ºñ ÿ∞ñÆñ ÿΩ⌡■ ⌡ ÿ₧ñ√«Å  ûóÆ⌠ óñ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±√ñ±÷±≤ô⌠ ⌡ ùⁿ óñ ùⁿ ÿñºô≤ó⌠ √ôñÆ⌠ á⌡√¬Å ÆÑ ∞√Θñ æ⌠ Ü°ô⌠  æφô∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡√≥ ⌡ ûεσÿÄ ñÆ û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ₧Ω√Ωⁿ æ⌠ óñ Æ√⌠ á»û·≈ô ±ⁿ√ôû√≥.  Æ±ô æ≤£· Æ√⌠ ÆÖñ ñÆ ÆÑ ó√φñ ≤±⌡≤·≈ô■ ºá≤ô⌠ û∩√Φ ÜóÆ ⌡ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ æ≤ñÆ óñ  £°ôñ ±⌡¢ ÆßÜôûÄ ñ≈ô ±ⁿºôÑóì ÿ≤°ô ±»ôûΩÿÄ ºá⌠ ûô ±Ωÿ¡ô■ ₧ô≡ ≤√ºÿÄì ≈ñ  N

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£≤ó óñ Æ√⌠ ûôûÄ û· ∞±ô≡ ÆºÿÄ. æ≤£· ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥)π( ñÆ ÿô ûóÆ⌠ óñÜ· ûôε  ûñó∙ ∞· φ⌡√≤ó ûñÿñ ÆÑ ºá⌠ æΘñ√ó∙ ⌡ Θñ⌡ÿñ ÆÑ φΘÿ· æΘñ√≤≤ó∙ ÆºÿÄì ñ≤φⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÆÑ ∞ε≥ ùñ⌡ñóφôñ óñ φΘÿôñ ß∩ⁿ)π( ±ⁿû√≤√≥. φΘÿôñ■ ûⁿÆ≤ó√⌐· ù√¬Å ⌡  ûⁿæ±⌡áÿ⌠ ÆÑ Æºÿôó■ì -∞≥ √ô û√¬Å-.  ±ⁿóÆ≤√≥ ≈ñ φ⌡√≤ó∙ ∞· óñ Θ⌠ ºá≤⌡ñ■ û· ∞±ô≡ ñºó ⌡ ≈ñ ≤⌡√º≤ó∙ ∞·  óñ ±√óÆ⌠ ÿñº≡ ù√¬Å ÆΘÿó ûô√ó ºô∩°ô óñ ±₧¡ñ ÆºÿôóÆ⌠ ÑÆ≤⌡ Ñ≤ó ÿô ≈≤ñ  φ⌡√≤óφⁿ ⌡ √ô ≤⌡√º≤óφⁿ ñÆ û√ô±⌡Ñó. ₧ô∩ⁿ ∞· Æ±ô≥ ûÑñφ⌡Æñ ÜÑ ±₧¡ñ ñº⌡≡  Æ∞ñ≥ óûºÿô≤ⁿ ≤ó√ó∙ ⌡ ÜÑ ÆÑ æ⌡ñ≤ó∙ Ωñæ⌠ ÆÑ ∞ºⁿ óñ¿Å ûεσÿÄ ≤⌐≤√ó∙. æ≤φô∙  á⌡ÆºÿÄ Æ⌡ ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ ≤· ÿñº≡ ÆºÿÄ ≤· Æ≤⌐ôò ⌡ ≤· ∞⌡⌐¬Å óñ æ⌡ñó⌠ ºÜΣì  √ô ÿñ½√Σì √ô ±⌡ÆÑ≤· √ô »ûôδ √ô ±ñÆßôÿÄ Æ∩≤α√ñ ⌡ ó√φñ ≈≤ñ≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ⌡ ±Γ≤⌡■.  ûô Æ√⌠ ≈±· £≤ô≤∞· ±ⁿû√≤√≥ ºá≤ô⌠ ⌡■ æñÆºÿ· û· £≤√⌠ Ñ√⌡ñ≈ôºÿÄ.  Æ√⌠ á»û·≈ô■ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡⌠ û· ₧∞≥ ¡ñ⌡ñÿÄ óñ Ü±Γ·≈ô ⌡ √ô óñ ÆÜÿ±ôπ  ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ Æ∩Ωôò φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ûó⌡⌠ ÿñó√ó φ⌡√≤ó∙ ù√¬Å ÆÑ æσôÑ á»û· óñ ∩Θα  ≤√≤ó√⌐√ó∙ ⌡ Ωûε ±Γ≤ⁿ ñÆ óñ áô»ñ ≤º≤Ü√ó∙ì Æ±ô æ≤£· ÆÑ ±Γ≤ⁿ óñ Ωô∩ûÄ ∩Θα  æ⌡ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ Ñ√⌡ñ ½≤ôßÿÄ ñÆ √∞ⁿ ù¿Å ÆÑ ó√φñ■ ≈ñ £· Ñ√ûôÿñ ⌡ ±ÿ≤ôºûÄÿñ û·  á⌡ó ±ⁿφ√ñó. ±Ü±⌡ß· ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ ù≤ó■ ÆºÿÄ √ô ₧∞±ÿⁿì ÿΓ∩√±ⁿ √ô Æñ⌐ôó■  ÿ°ó√ó■ √ô ÿ⌐⌡√Ωⁿì ßûñÿⁿ √ô ±⌡ßαÿⁿì ÿ⌐ñ√Θⁿ ⌡ √ô ∞ñÆ±ÿⁿ ∞· φô∙ óñ ½εûÿÄ  £⌡⌠ ½áñ∙≈ô■ ºáÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÆÑ ºÿ√Φ ∞⌡≈ⁿ û∩≤ó ΘñÆ Ñ√ñ æ√ó ⌡ û· ªñΘô■  óñ√ô√ⁿ áñ⌡⌐ô⌠ Θñ⌡ ñ√Ñó ⌡ ½ó±ÿÄ æ⌠ óñ Æ√⌠ º⌡ ⌡ æ⌠ º⌡ æ⌡Æ óñ ÆΘ∞≤óì ⌡ φô∙  óñ ≤ñ±ⁿ £⌡⌠ ⌐û≤≥ û°ôñ■ ∞· ûñ ûñφÄ φ≡ ≤⌐√≤ó √ô ≤º√≥ º₧ñφô≈ⁿ ∞· £°ñ∙  áΘÿ·Æ■ ñÆ ≤⌡ÆÑ¬Å ó≈ó. óñ û√≥ £⌡⌠ ½ôßΩ·Æ■ ∞· Ñ±√⌠ ñÆ û∩ñÑÆ≤ó ⌡ óñ Æ±√ó  £⌡⌠ æû⌐ôñ■ ∞· ÆÑ Θô½∩·Æ■ ≤Ñó√∞Ä æ≈≤φÄ ±⌡Ñ⌡⌠ á⌡ó ñÆ û· φ⌡¬Å ÜφñÿôΘÿ·Æ■  ñºô≤ó.  Æ√⌠ Ü≤¿Å Æ≤⌐ôò ºá⌠ì Θ⌠ ∞¿Å √ô ∞ºô≤ⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ ∞· ûÿ⌡Æ≤≤ó ÆÑ ñÆ∙  ÿóñ√¿Å ⌡ ±₧ô⌡ñÿÄ ⌡ ÿ±ñ√⌠ ⌡ ±±ôñºÿÄ ûñ æ⌠ óºÿÄ √ôû≤óì ±⌡≈ûÿⁿ ÆºÿÄ áô¼Å  ∞· ÆÑ áÑÆ≤· ß∩≥ Æ∩°ⁿ û· ≤ôóñ∙ ±ñóÆ⌠ Ü°ô⌠ ÿΘ⌡√«Å ±ⁿφñóó.  O

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óñûôñ∙ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ±₧ÿ⌡Æ■ æ⌠ ÆÑ ó√ñ ûôÑ û₧ÖÄ≈ô ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ⌐ñƒ≈ô ⌡  ÿΘº√ñ≈ô û· Ñûô⌠≈ô■ φ⌡≤ôφ⌡⌠ ûñ Æ√⌠ ±Ü±⌡ß· ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≤óì Æ±ô ≈ñ £· ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ûô⌐≤ó ⌡  ≈ñ £· û≤⌡√º≤ó ûôÑ ≈≥ ₧δ Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ ñÆ ≤φÑÆñó∙Æ≤ó.  ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· óÆöñ∙ Æ∩±ΓôñΘⁿ ÆÑ Θñ≈≤φÄ Æºε±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ: áóÆ⌐≤ôºⁿì ⌡  Ü°ô⌠ Θñ⌐ÿφô⌠ì ù√óÆ√¬Å ßô∩≥ì »û√ΓÿÄ Æ≤ºô⌠ì Æ±ÿ°ô ⌡ ₧∞⌡±ÿ°ô■ ≤√∞⌡∞ôñ ⌡  √ô ºÿ±ûôñ∙ Æ±ô ≤∞ÿ· Æ½∩ⁿ Æ√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ∞· óñ ºñÆºñ Æ√⌠ ºá≤ô⌠ì á⌡ÆºÿÄ Æ±ô≥  ÿóñ√¿Å ß∩⌡≥ »û√Γⁿ ⌡ Üô≤⌡ñ⌐≤ôºⁿ √ô Θ°±ô≤ó⌠ ≤∞ÿ·≈ô■ Θ∩ºΘⁿ ⌡ √ô ÿôñ√áⁿ  ≤√ºÿÄ.  ºá≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ óñ »ñƒ Æ√⌠ φ⌡≤· û₧ÖÄ≈ô ≈±£⌡⌠ Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û·  Ñûô⌠ ±⌡ßαÿÄ ÆÑ ≈ñ ùó√ó∙ ±₧º⌡¿Å √ô ±ΓΩ⌡∩ⁿ ≤±⌡≤·Æ■ ñ⌡⌐⌠ ⌡ Ωôû≡ óñ∞Ä óñ  ù√¬Å £⌐≥ ⌐≤⌡≤ó∙ ΩñÆñ ±ⁿó≈óì ºù¿Å æñÆ≥ æñÆ≥ Æ⌡ ñÆ ûô á⌡ó û· ºñ ±≤Ñ∩ⁿ  ±ⁿûñó ∞· ûô√ó ûóÆ⌠ ûñºóì û· óñφô∙ áóÆ ⌡ æºÿô⌠ ùñ⌡ñóφôñ √∞ÿô.  æ≤Üô ∞· ºá⌠ óñ á∩ΩÿÄ æº±ô⌠ ⌡ Ñ±√⌠ ⌡ æΘÿôûÄ ⌡ ±ô∙ ⌡ ºÿôñ∙ ⌡  ∞⌡≈°ôºÿÄì û· Ñûô⌠ Æ≤óñÑ √ôó ±ⁿó≈ó ∞· æ≤£· æΘñ√óφôñ û· æΘñ√óφô⌠ ûá⌐√ó∙  á√ñ ±₧«Å ÆºÿÄì Æ±ô Æ≤ºô⌠ ≤ôºùô¿Å ₧δ Æ√⌠ ≈±· ≤Γ±ÿÄ ñÆ ≤±ⁿφÑÆñó ⌡ ÆÑ ñÆ∙  áóÆ û· ñÆ∙ ⌐√»ô⌠ ñ⌡■ ±ⁿæ⌡ñó ⌡ ûá⌐¬Å Æ∩°ⁿ ñÆ óñ ñÆ∙ Æ≤φ√áÿ⌠ ⌐ñ ⌡ ûñ ùô ∞ñó⌠  Θÿ≤· ½ñΘÄ ±ⁿ∞≤óì ⌡ æ≤Üô ∞· ÿú∞ôñ óÆºÿô⌠ ù√⌐√≤√ô⌠ ÆºÿÄì û· ₧ô¡ñÆ⌠ ÿΓ∩√≥  ±ⁿó≈ó ∞· ñ⌡Ñφôñ æ√√≤· ßûñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ φú⌐ÿ· ñÆ óñ æ⌠ ÿ⌡Æ⌠ ó√ó Æ±ô ßûñÿÄ  φ√ñ≤ó∙ ∞ⁿ ⌡ £· ∞ºⁿ ÆºÿÄî ûû√≤√ó Æ±ÿ°ô■ ÆÑ ±√ô⌠ ñΘÿ· ⌡ óñ Ñ√ñ áô∞Ä  áΘÿ· £· ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ £· ó√ó≤ó ∞ôñ ≤√∞Ä æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ÿΩ∩√ó ∞≤√ó ⌡ ÆÑ Æñÿ∞ôûÄ ∞ôñ  Ñ⌐ÿⁿ ∞· û· ≤ôû⌡ó■ æ≤ô⌠ ±≤ÿ°ⁿ φ⌐ÿÄ ûùñ≈√Ñ√ó.  óñ áε≡ Æ√⌠ Æ≤óñÑ≈ô φô≈ⁿ ≈≥ û· Æ½₧ôûÄ á⌡ó ±ⁿ≤φñó ⌡ û· ₧ô≡ ⌡  ∞ñóÆñ æ≤ô⌠ ±ⁿÆ≤ó√⌐óì ≤ôφ°ô⌠ ∞⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ Æ≤ó⌡∙ ⌡ óñ√Φ ûñ ó≡ Æ⌡ Θñ⌡ó ±ⁿæ√ó ⌡  æ⌠ ≈≤φô±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ó√ó∙ ₧Ω√ΩÿÄ û√⌠ ñÆ ÆÑ ±ñó±ⁿ ∞· ùô■ ±≤ûñ¬Å ≤⌐ºÿ·Æ≤ó  ±ⁿφñóÆ≤óì ⌡ û· ÆΘΩⁿ ó⌡ñÿñ ±ⁿφ⌐ô√ó û· ñ⌡Ñφôñ ±₧±ó)¼Å( ⌡ √ôñÆ⌠ ùô∞ó≡ Æ⌡ ∞·  ûô ÆßÿΩôó û· áóÆ ⌡ ñ⌡Ñ ñºÿôá√Ñ ≤½ñÿÄ ó√⌠ ñÆ ûñ º⌡ó ó≤√ô■ á⌡ó ±Ωó≥  M

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óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó. ó√φñ ûôñ û· Ü±Σ ₧ô¡ñÆ⌠ ±ⁿùñóÆÑó ⌡ ±ⁿû√≤ó ≈≤⌡Ñ ÆÑ æ⌠ Ñ±ô⌠ û√¬Å ÆÑ  ºⁿ ºô≡ ≤φú⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄì £· ⌐ó ∞· óñ Æ√⌠ Θô½∩· ∞⌡ÿô∙ ±º∩±ô⌠≤±ô≈ô Üô■  ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ ñÆºÿ√⌠ ≤⌐ºÿ·Æ≤óî ±ñó±ⁿ ∞· £⌡⌠ ó≤√ô û· ñ⌡■ æ≤ô⌠ á≤ó√ó áóÆ ñÆ  ΘñÆ±⌡¬Å ⌡ Æ±ô≥ á⌡ó ñÆ ≤ôΘñ±ô≤ⁿ ∞ñó≤ó. æ⌠ ±ñó≥ ∞· φñó⌠≈ô ñÆ ±ⁿ∞⌐√ó≤ó ⌡  ûñ á⌡ó ±ⁿûô∩√ó≤ó ∞· ±ô óñ ñÆ∙ áóÆ ⌐°√ó óÆó∙Æ√≥ ⌡ á⌡ó ≤√Ñ óñ æñÑ⌡■ ⌐°ôóÿ√≥  ∞Üô ñΘÿ≤óî £ñÆ Æ√≤ô⌠ ∞· φñó ±ñÆ φñΘÿ·Æ≤ó ÿ⌠ æºô≤ⁿ ñÆ ûñ ∞⌐ÿ· ⌐ó⌠ óñ ñÆ∙  ó√⌠ ÿñÜ√ƒ ±ⁿó≈≤ó ⌡ ≈ñ √∞Ä ±ⁿ∞⌡⌐ó ÿô Æ√⌠ ⌡α√Θ· ó√≤ⁿ ñÆ û· φñó⌠ ó√φñ■  Æ≤óÆÑóî  û· ±ºô⌡ÆÿÄ ⌡ Æ√Öôñ ±º∩±ô≤ô⌠ óñ ½óñ Æºε≥ ±ⁿ≤φñó ∞· £φ⌡≤· ó√φñ■ ñÆ  ûñ á⌡ó ±Ωó≥ ±ⁿóÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌡ ±ⁿ∞⌡⌐√ó≤ó á⌡ó ñÆ ÆÑ æ∩⌡ó∙ ⌐ó⌠ û· ±ô≡ ó≤√ô ùô∞Ä  ≤φô∙ óÆñ≤ó. Æ∞≤⌡⌠ £ñÆ Æ√≤ô⌠ ±ô≡ Æ≤ó⌡Ñ ⌡ ó≤√ô ùñºÿÄ ⌐ó∙Æ≤óî Æ√⌠ ≤±⌡≤·≈ô ⌡ ó≈°ô  ≤±⌡≤· ó√φñ ±₧ÿ⌡Æ■ á»û·≈ô■ Æ±ô≥ ÆºÿÄ.  ≤ô±·≈ô û√⌐ÿñ óºÿ⌡ñ ∞ôñ ₧∞±ñÆ≤ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ ∞·: £φ⌡≤· ûô »ûΩôÿÄ ±ñó≥  ñΘÿôñ ∞≤≤ó ⌡ £ºô⌠ óñ ≤φ°ûô≤ⁿ áÑÆ≤· ±∩ÿÄ û∞⌡⌐≤ó. óñ ≈Ñ√≤· ½ñΘ· ⌡ ½εƒ  Üô±Γ· ñÆ óñ ≤αñ ûφ√ñ≤ó. Æ±ô ±¡±⌡⌠ Æ√⌠ ≤ô±·≈ô óºÿ⌡ñ ₧ô∞≥ ≤√±ⁿ ÆÑ ù°≤·  ±º∞⌡≤ⁿ Ü°ô⌠ æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñ ∞· û· ßô±ε⌠ Ñ√ñ óºÿÄ á⌡ó Θñ±ô⌠ ±ⁿó≈ó ≤√ºÿÄì ≤⌡⌐ÿ·  ùóñ■ ±°ñûô⌠ì ºô∩á⌡ñó∙ ⌡ ºñó ⌡ φñ≥ ñ⌡Ñφôñ £⌐√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· û· ΘñÑ≤óÆ⌠  ≤⌡ñ¿Å á⌡√¬Å ±ⁿæ±⌡Ñó ÿô óñ ≤ûñó Ñ≤óφⁿ £φ⌡≤· ûô ±⌐∞εÿÄ ñ⌡ûñ⌡ ⌐⌡≤ó.  óñûôñ∙ ΘΩñ∙≈ô ⌡ Ü±∩·≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ÆÑ á⌡ó £√Ñ■ ≤±ⁿ≤⌡√º≥ì ⌡ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≥ ñÆ  √∞ûôñ ó√φñ ûô Ω¡ô⌡ÿÄ Æ±ô≥ Æó√ûô⌠ ßñûÄ ß±ñ ⌡ û⌠ û₧ñ ±∩ΩûÄ û· Üô₧α  ±ⁿæñÆ√≥.  "Æφñ ÆÑ ºá⌠ ß∩ⁿ ÜÑ ≈±√⌠ ≤∞ÿ· ñÆ ≤óÆ⌐ÿ√≥ æ⌠ ñÆ ⌐ôΘⁿ ∞ôΘⁿ ⌡  ûⁿ≤√ôÑ ∞≤≤ó∙ ±ⁿ√ôΘÿ√≥ û∩∞· ÆΘÑ⌡⌠ ÆÑ ∞Θô√ÿÄ ⌡ ±≤ÿ°ⁿ û· σô√ÿÄ ±ⁿó√ó√≥."  ûñÆ■ æ⌠ ∞· ≤ù≤óÆñ≤ó ó∩ûºÿφⁿ ≤φôñ≤ó∙ û· ±ú≈ûÄ ⌐√Γ· ⌡ ⌐√Θÿφⁿ ⌡■ û·  ±∞ôñ≥ Æáεδ ⌡ ½ΘôÿÄ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ ß∩ⁿ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ Æ⌡ ñÆ û· £≤√⌠ óÆ⌡ñ■ ⌡ÆóÆ⌐ÿ·  ÆºÿÄì ÿ≤°ô ÿñÜ±· √∞Ä ΘΩñ∙ ÆÑ ±Ωó±· ⌐√í ûÑñφ⌡Æñ ±₧±ó ßûó∙ ñ₧±· Æ∩∩· ß∩√·  O

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O⌐⌡ó ½ñÆΘô⌠ ºá⌠ ûó√⌠ φ≤Ü√≤· φ⌡≈ñ £· ≤αñ■ óÆñ≤ó ⌡ £· ÆñÜⁿ ±ⁿ≤°≤ó:  "≈≤φô≥ á⌡Æ≤ó⌠ £⌡⌠ ÆÑ ßûôñÿⁿ û· ßûôñÿÄ ó√φñ ±ⁿùñóÆáÿ≥ ±ⁿó√ó≥  Ü⌡ε≤φô∙ Æ≤ó√⌐· ⌡ ó√óφô∙ û½√ñÿÄ ÿµ√√ñ ±ⁿ√ôûó. φô≈ⁿ á⌡ó ñÆ óñ Ü°ô≤ⁿ ÆÑ  ±Γô≤ⁿ û∩≤ó ±ⁿó√ó≥ ∞· óñ ù⌡⌐⌐ⁿ ÆÑ ∩Θα°ô■ ñá⌐ô⌠ ⌡ á√ñ∙ ∞≤≤ó∙ì û· Ñ√ôñÿÄ  Üô≤°ô■ ùô∞Ä ±ⁿæ√ó ⌡ óñ ó∩°ô■ Ñó⌡ó∙ ÆÑ σ≡ ⌡ σ¬Å ñáÿÄ ±ⁿφ⌐ô√ó... ⌡  φô≈ⁿ Ü±∩· ⌡ ßûôñÿ°ô £≤ô⌠ ±ⁿ≤±⌡ó ∞· φ⌡√ⁿ ûô £°ñ∙≈ô■ ßû⌡¿Å ⌡ óñ≈≥ ñ√áÿ·  ⌡ ó≤óÆ≤°ô■ ûñ √∞ó√φñ Θ⌐ñó∙ ⌡ £≤φô≡ ßΩôûô⌠ óñ≈≥ ⌐∞≤≤ó∙ æ±ôó∙ ₧±∩· ñ⌡ûñ⌡  ≈ºÿ≥ ⌡ φô∙ ßΩ∩ⁿ ≤⌡ñÆ≤ⁿ ñÆ ±ⁿó√ó≥ ∞· ûô æΘñ√ó∙ Üº±ô≤ⁿ ≈±ô≤≤ó■ ≤óÆñó.  ÆÑ ∞ôñ⌡Æ⌠ áóÆ√ⁿ ÜóÆ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ûô ñ⌡ƒ Æ≤ºô≤ⁿ ù√⌡ºÿ· ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ æ⌠ ∞· æ⌠ ñÆ ÆÑ  æ∩⌡óφⁿ ⌡º⌡º·≈ô ùô∞Ä ºôáÿ· ÿ⌐ñ√Θⁿ ÆÑ ßô∩≥ »û√ΓÿÄ ûó⌡ ù⌡⌐ô≤ó∙ ºù¿Å æ⌠ ñÆ  ûô á⌡√¬Å û· ±∩∞⌡ÿÄ Æß∩ⁿ ûñó∙ ⌡ ÿô ùô√φô∙ ÿÜ∩ⁿ ≤⌡ñ Æ∩°ⁿ ñºô≤ó∙ ⌡ óñ ∞≤ΘÄ  Ωó¿Å ñû⌡ûⁿ ºô∞⌠ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄì ⌡ φô≈ⁿ á»√ûⁿ ñÆ ±ⁿó√ó≥ ∞· ⌡Æ∩√ô⌠ Æ±ÿÄ  ñÆ ±áô»ûÄ ºôáÿ· ûô ½óÆ√ⁿ ñºô æ≤ô⌠ ñÆ ÿΓ∩√≥ ±ⁿó≈ó ⌡ ñÆ∙ ½⌡ÆûÄ ⌡ á»ô ñÆ  û· Æ√⌐ô⌠ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ô≤ó ⌡ óΩô√δ º√ôºÿÄ ñÆ û· æ≤ô⌠ ±ⁿæ±⌡Ñó ⌡ ÆÑ ù√±⌡ó⌠ ñÆ≈ⁿ ∞·  û· ⌡ñ»· φ±ñÆ≈ⁿ ùô√ô⌠ ±ⁿ√ôûóì ûñ ₧úñ ±ⁿóÆñó."  æñ■ £≤√⌠ ÆºÿÄ ºá≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥. φΘÿôñ■ Θñ⌡ÿñ ÆÑ ∞ε≥ áô∩δ  ⌡ ûñÿñ ÆÑ ºá⌠ ±á∩⌡δ.  

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ÆÑ æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñ ∞· ±Ü±⌡ß· ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ óñ óºÿñ¿Å »ô∩ûô⌠  ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥)π( ΩñÆñ φñΘÿÄ ºô∩°ô û∩∞· Ωñ⌠≈ô φú⌐ÿÄ ÿô Θôñºⁿ Ñûô≤ô⌠ ßñûⁿóÆ⌠  ûñ æ⌠ ⌐ó≤ó ∞· Æ√⌠ ÆÖñ ùñ Æñ¢ ñÆ û· Ñûô⌠ Θôñºⁿ ûñφñóÆ≤≤ó ÿô ∞ºô≤ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ  ßñû√ÿÄ »ñΘⁿ ≤ûºÿ·Æ≤ó ÆÑ ûñ∞ÿÄ ºá≤ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ)π( ûⁿû°ñ∙ ≤±ô≤≤ó. ÆÑ £· ºô≡  √ô ∞óÆ≥ ºó∙ ≈Üñ■ óºÿÄ û· £≤√⌠ ∞ôñ Ñó∙Æ≤óî ±Γ∩⌡≥ ≤√ºÿÄ. ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ  ùª⌡≈≤óφô⌠ì ûñ æ⌠ û⌡ó≤ó ∞· ≤áºÿ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· Θôñºⁿ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· óñ ºó∙ ó≈≥ ÆÑ  L

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≈ÜñÿÄ ⌡ óñ ₧∞⌡±ÿÄ ½Θ⌡√ô⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ. ⌡ ó√ñ√≤·ÿñ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ∞·  ≤⌐ô⌠ æ≤ñÆ óÆ⌐ÿ≤ó ⌐ñƒ ⌡ ÿñÜ±· Üε≡ Æ∩ó√⌠ ₧º√⌠ û⌠ ⌐ñΘÄ Æ∩ó√⌠ Æñóû√∩ⁿ  ±Γô½ñ Æº±ôß√≡ ½Θ⌡■ ÆºÿÄì ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ æ⌠ ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ⌐ñƒ ±ε Θÿƒ Æ∩∩· ∞ô⌐ô≤ⁿ  ±ÿ⌡Θⁿ û· ºô≡ 889 ∞· æ≤ñÆ "ÿ≤û√· Æ∩µôΘ∩√⌠" ≤ô±√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ æ⌠ ù¿Å ⌐ñƒ≈ô ⌡  ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ó√φñ ∞· ÜºÿÜ⌡ ∞≤≤ó∙ ûñÆ■ Æ»επ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó û· ±Ωô∩· "≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·  £√ºÿÄ" ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ΘΩ√óì ±ñ₧⌡≥ Æû⌠ √⌡ºΘÄ ⌐√ñÆÑ■ ±ñÆÜΓ· ∞≤ó. Æ√⌠ ±Ωô∩·  √∞Ä ûôñ û· Æáÿ½ôñ óñ Θ°ñºÿÄ ∞ÿôûáô≤· ±óñº· ºù°ºôεñ )⌐°√ó ±»°ñ■( ⌡ ûôñ  ó√φñ û· ÿΘ½√≡ û√⌐ÿñ ⌡ ÜóÆφô≤· óñ 7131 óñ £ôùáô≤· ±Ü∩¿Å û· £ôùÄ ñº√ó∙  ÆºÿÄ.  Æ±ô Æá√ñÆ ≈±∞ôñ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ±⌠ æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ Ü⌡√≤ⁿ Æºÿôó Ñûô⌠ ⌡ ÆóûÄ  Θôñºⁿ óñ óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ÿ°ñÆ⌠ ∞· ±⌐µ⌡≡ ÿ½₧√ƒ ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ÆÑ  ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ≈ºÿ≤óì óñûôñ∙ æ⌠ ≤⌡⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó:  "Æ√⌠ ≤ºá· φñÆ≤û°ô ñÆ ⌐ô∙ ßûô¿Å ½Θ⌡■ óñ ºô≡ 7101 óñºÿÄ  √∞Ä ºô≡ ù¿Å ÆÑ »ε ∞ôñ■ φ≤ûó ±»°ñ ⌡ΩΘÄ ₧ñ≥ ∞ñó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ±ÿñÜ≥ ≤ô⌐≤ôáÿ·  ⌡ ≤ô±Γ∩⌡≥ ÆºÿÄ ΘΩ» ÆÑ ñ⌡■ ΩñÆ√⌠ ⌡Æªφô⌠ ⌡ ºû∞Ä ≤φôñ¬Å ⌡ ±⌡Æñó óºÿ⌡ñ■ ⌡  ºô√ñ á½⌡½√ôÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ₧ó¿Å Ñó ∞· ⌡■ ±ⁿûô√ó ≈≥ Ñ±ô⌠ ûô Æû⌡Æ∩Θÿ⌡ƒ ñÆÑ■  ûô⌐ó √ô Æ≤ó∞ⁿ ÆÑ ⌡■ Ü∩⌡ÿñ √Γ≤ⁿ óñ Ωñ⌠ ù≤Ü≥ ⌡ ⌐⌐≥ ±ⁿÑ√ºÿ· ÆºÿÄ*41*."  ₧ó¿Å æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ Ü⌡√≤ⁿ ÿô £· Æ≤óÆÑ∙ ûô ⌡ÆΩΓ√ÿÄ ±≤»ûδ φñóóì ù¿Å ÆÑ  ûññºⁿ óΩ√δ ⌡ Æα°ôñ ≤αñ ºû∞Ä ⌐≤ôºô⌠ ±⌐á¼Å á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó.  Æ±ô ó⌡ñ ±ⁿ≤±ô√ó ∞· ù¿Å ÆÑ φú⌐ÿÄ ù≤Üô∙ √ô ½ó ºô≡ ÆÑ φñóæ⌡ñ■ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·  óñ ûµóÆóì Θôñºⁿ Ñûô≤ⁿ óñ áñÆºô⌠ æ≤ñÆ û· Ñûô⌠ á⌡ó ûφñóÆ≤óì £· φú⌐ÿ· ÆÑ  ½Γ⌡ûÿÄ óºÿñºⁿ û· ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ æ⌠ óñ Æ√⌠ ±óÿÄ ∞⌡ÿô∙ì £≤ô≤∞· ±ⁿóÆ≤√≥ ÿô ºó∙  ≈⌐ÿ≥ ÆÑ ≈ÜñÿÄ ±ú≈ûÄ ñÆ√¢ óñ áñÆºô⌠ì ±ú≈ûÄ ₧≤Θⁿ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ÆÑ Ñ±ô⌠  Æ⌡∩Üô√ÿ⌡ ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ ±≤ôαñ∙ ßε±· ₧∩ⁿ óñ ₧¡⌡ñ ⌡■ ûô ß∩±ô■ º≤ⁿ ⌡ φñó⌠  ≤°ôó⌠ Æ⌡∩Üô√ÿ⌡ û· ±ú≈ûÄ Æ±ô±√· û⌡ó ∞· ⌐√Γ√ô⌠ Æ≤ó∞Ä Æ≤ó∞Ä ≤√ñ⌡ φñΘÿ≤óì ⌡  ±ú≈ûÄ ÿ⌐√Σ óñ áñÆºô⌠ ⌐√⌡π √ôΘÿÄ. ûôñ■ £≤ô≤∞· ≤⌡⌐ÿ≥ -ù¿Å ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ Æ√⌠  O

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∞ÿôûÄ- ⌡ Æα°ôñ ≤αñ Ω»Γⁿ ºû∞Ä ⌐≤ôºô⌠ì Ñ±ô⌠ ÿñÜ±· óΩ√Ωô ±Γ∩⌡≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó.  û°ñ ₧ô≡ Ωñ⌠≈ô æ⌐≤ô√ⁿ ûô ÿñÜ±· ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· áô¼Å á⌡Æ¼Å ÆÑ ±ñó≥ Æ√ñÆ⌠ û⌡ó ⌡  ±√ÿ⌡Æ⌠ φΘÿÄ ñ⌡Æ¢ ∞ô±≡ ÿñÜ±· Θôñºⁿ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ û°ñ∙ ß±⌡≥ Æ√ñÆ≤√ô⌠ ÆÑ  Æ√⌠ ÆÖñì óñ ≤√≥ Ωñ⌠ Æá√ñ ½⌡ñÿÄ φñΘÿÄì ⌡ ÿ≤ⁿ £≤ó ÆÑ Θô¡ε⌠ ÆÑ ≤⌡ û· ÿñÜ±·  Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ùñóÆáÿ≤ó.  ù¿Å ÆÑ ⌐°ñ√⌡ñ √∞°ÑÆñ ⌡ º√½ó ⌡ û√ºÿÄì ÆÑ ±ñ₧⌡≥ Ü⌡Æó Θô¡≡  ±Ü±⌡ß·Æ■ ±≤ÿ⌐ñ ⌐ó ∞· ≈ñ £≤ó Æ≤⌐ô■ æ⌠ ñ⌡Æ⌠ ±ⁿ≤±⌡óì óñ ûº√ôñ■ ±⌡Æñó ûô  ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥)π( Æñÿûô»ⁿ ≤óÆ⌐ÿÄ. ù¿Å ÆÑ ÆÖñ ±ñ₧⌡≥ Θô¡≡ ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ∞· Üô√ⁿ  ûôÑ ∞ñó ⌡ ±Ωû⌡≡ ≈±φô⌠ ÆΘÿôó ÆÖñ ±ñ₧⌡≥ º√ó ß∩ⁿ ≤Ωⁿ Θ√«ÅÆεºε≥ ÆºÿÄ ∞·  á»û·≈ôì ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ºá≤ô⌠ ∞⌡ÿô∙ Æ±ô≥ ñÆ ûô ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ÿ⌡¡√ƒ ±≤ÿ⌐ñ ∞ñó.  ±ñ₧⌡≥ Θ√«ÅÆεºε≥ ñÆ ûôñ≈ô ó√ó≥ ±ñó■ Θô¡≡ ±º∩±ô⌠ ⌡ ó√⌠óÆñ ⌡  ó⌡ºÿóÆñ Æ≈≡ û√ÿÄ)π( û⌡ó ⌡ ûñÆ■ Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· ñ≤Üⁿ ûñá⌡ó ≤°ôó ⌡ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ φΘÿÄ  Æáε¼Å ⌡■ óñ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó⌠ Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· óñ ñ⌡Æ¢ æ⌠ ÿôÖ√ñ û· ºÑÆ óÆ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ.  ù¿Å ÆÑ ±ñ₧⌡≥ Θ√«ÅÆεºε≥ £≤ó ÿ⌠ ÆÑ Θô¡ε⌠ ⌡ ßñûⁿóÆ≤ô⌠ û· ∞ôñ ÿñÜ±·  ∞ô±≡ ∞ÿôûÄ ùñóÆáÿ≤ó ∞· ßεΩ±≤óÆ⌠ ∞≥ ⌡ û√¬Å ÆÑ ∞ôñ æ≤ô⌠ æφô≈≤ó.  

  ÿñÜ±·Æ■ ∞· óñ óºÿÄ ⌐±ôºÿÄ
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ºô∩°ôºÿÄ Æ√⌠ áó±ÿφÑÆñ óñ ó⌡ñ∙ ó∞ÿñ■ Ñûô⌠ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ Θôñºⁿ ≈Θÿ·Æ■  ó⌡ º· ºôßÿÄ ñÆ û· û₧ÖÄ óñ Æóû√ôÿÄ ßñûÄ -±≤α⌡≥ ⌡ √ô ±≤⌐⌡ñ- ±ⁿùñóÆÑó. Æ√⌠  óñ¿Å óñ ΘÿñÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ≈±£≤ô⌠ ûñΩñÆñ û⌡ó ⌡ φú⌐ÿ· ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐Ü⌡√ô⌠ ÿ≤ⁿ £≤ó ÆÑ  Θô¡ε⌠ ≤√Ñ óñ ±Ü±Σ ±ô ₧ô¡ñ ±ⁿ⌐ó≤ó ù≤¢ √ô ⌐¬Å ºô≡ ù√¬Å )óñºÿÄ û· áô»ñ ≤óÆñ≥(.  ûΓ¡ⁿ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ á⌡Æºÿ≤ó ±Γ∩ΩôÿÄ ñÆ ûñ û≤ó∙ ûá⌡Æ≤≤ó. φΘÿ≥ ±⌠ Æ√⌠ Ω½√ó∙≈ô ñÆ  ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠ á⌡Æ≤ó∙ ⌡ óñ¿Å φΘÿ·Æ≥. ⌐Γñ≈ô■ Üô≈∩ⁿ ÆÖñ■ ÆºÿÄ ÆñÑ≤ó∙ óñ ∩Θα ⌡  ÿñ∞√ûÄ Æºÿ⌡Æñì Æ±ô ºñÆºñ ÿΓû√ñ■ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ φú⌐ÿ·≈ô■ æ⌠ ñ⌡Ñφôñì áô∩ⁿ ÆÑ  ñ⌡ƒ ß∩±ⁿ ⌡ ∩»√Θ· ±Γ≤⌡■ì û· ±Ö≡ £⌡⌠ ½₧ñÆ■ ßñûºÿô⌠ ÆºÿÄì φô∙ ½ôΘⁿ ⌡  L

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φô∙ ≤ô≈±⌡Æñì ⌡ ≈±£⌡⌠ ûôó ⌡ÑÆ⌠ æ⌠ ºñÑ±√⌠ ∩áÿⁿ Üô⌠≤⌡ÆÑ ⌡ Ñ±ô≤ⁿ ⌐ñÆñ∙ ûôñì  £ñÆ û· ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñ⌡■ ≤±ⁿæñ√ó ∞· ≈≥ ∩Θα æ⌠ ½εûÿÄ ⌐Γñ ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ ù√¬Å ÆÑ  Æºε≥ ñÆ û· √ôó ±ⁿæñó ⌡ ≈≥ ±Γô≤ⁿ û∩≤ó Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥ ⌡ º≤ÿÄ ≤û⌡■ ñÆ óñ ûñóÆñó. ≈≥ ±⌡ßαÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≈≥ óºÿ⌡ñ Ñ≤óφⁿ ⌡ ≈≥ óñφô∙ ñû⌡û√ÿÄ ñÆ æ±⌡Ñ≤ó∙ ñÆ∙ ⌡ ñº≥  û≤óφⁿî ºá≤≥ ùú√ñΘÿ· ÆΘÿôó ⌡ ù¿Å ÆÑ æ≤∞· ó⌡ºÿô⌠ á»û· ≤áºÿ√⌠ ñÆ ûñ ±⌠  á⌡Æ≤ó≤ó ûô á⌡ó φΘÿ≥ £· ⌐⌡ó ∞· ÆÑ ñÆ∙ æÑ±ô√¬Å û· ∞ôñ ûñ á√Ñ≥ ⌡ Æ√⌠ á»û· ñÆ óñ Ωô∩ûÄ ⌡Æª∙ óñ■ ñ√Ñ≥ì û⌡ó ∞· ó√ó∙ ±ñ₧±ÿÄ Æ≤⌐ôò ∞≤≤ó∙ ûñ Æ√⌠ ∞±ÿñ√⌠ ÆΘÿó ⌡ Æ⌡ ñÆ óñ ∞ôñ■ ∞· ù√¬Å φñΘÿ· √ôñ■ ó≈ó. £⌡⌠ ÿñÜ±· æ±ôó∙ φ⌐ÿÄ æ≤ñÆ óñ  Ü±Σ ₧ô¡ñÆ⌠ á⌡Æ≤ó≥ ≈±φô⌠ ùº≤ó√ó≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ ±⌠ á⌡Æºÿ≤ó ÿô ⌡α√Θ·Æ■ ñÆ ∞·  ù√¬Å φñΘÿ·Æ≥ û· ùô√ô⌠ ñºô≤≥.  

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ÆÑ ºô∩°ô ù√¬Å £⌡⌠ Θñ½ÿⁿ óºÿÄ ±ⁿóÆóì ûñáⁿ ÆÑ ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ Θôñºⁿ  ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ñÆ ûô ±ÿ⌠ ±Ωôû∩· ±ⁿ∞ñó≥. ¡±⌠ Æ√⌠ ûññºⁿ ó√ó≥ ±ÿñÜ±ô⌠ -∞·  áó±ÿ⌐ô⌠ óñ ù√⌐φô∙ ±⌡ε■ ±ÿΩ√ô⌠ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ ùú√ñΘÿ· ûôó- ≈ñ £≤ó óñ ∞ôñ  á⌡ó ±⌡Θδ û⌡ó∙Æ≤óì ∞≥ ⌡ û√¬Å óñ Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·≈ô √∞Ä ≤∞ÿ· ñÆ £≤ô≤∞· ûô√ó ñßô√ÿÄ  ≤∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ⌡ æ⌠ Æ√≤ºÿÄ ∞· ºá≤ô⌠ ±⌡∩ⁿ £≤ô≤∞· ±ⁿû√≤√≥ óñ ß√⌠ ß∩⌡ ±Γ≤ⁿ û·  Ñ√⌡ñ≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ≤√Ñ æñÆºÿ· ÆºÿÄ: ÆºÿΓôñ∙ì ÿ⌐û√·ì Ü≤ô¿Åì ±⌡ÆÑ≤· ºÜΣ ⌡  ±ñÆßôÿÄ Æ∩≤α√ñ.  ±á½⌡½ô ½≤ΓÿÄ ºÜΣ ∞· óñ ºñÆºñ ∞ÿôûÄ ó√ó∙ ±ⁿ⌐⌡óì ⌡  Æ±√ñ ±÷±≤ô⌠)π( û· ºÜΣ φ⌡öⁿ ⌐≤ôáÿ· û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. ≈≤φô±ⁿ ∞· Ñ√≤ûÄ ∞ûñ■ óñ  ùôºí ùºñ Ñ√ôó φΘÿÄ:  "±°ÿñ ±ô ñÆ ∞⌐ÿⁿ. ÆÑ á⌡√⌐ô≤≥ ∞ºⁿ ñÆ ≤°⌐ÿⁿ. ≤°ô≡ ±ô ñÆ  ⌐∞ºÿⁿ. ñ√⌐· ±ô ñÆ ÆÑ ≈≥ φººÿⁿ. Æφñ óñ±ô⌠ ÿ⌡ Æ√≤ºÿÄ æñ■ £≤√⌠ ÆºÿÄ*51*."  ùºñ Ñ√ôó φΘÿÄ: "ºá⌠ û· ºÜΣ ±ⁿφ⌡√óì ùóñ¬Å ≤√Ñ ºá≤ô⌠ ±ºÜΣ  ±ⁿφΘÿÄ." ûó√⌠ ñ⌡ ∞⌡⌐√ó≥ ÿô óñ ₧ó ÿ⌡Æ≤ô√ⁿ á⌡√¬Å ¡±⌠ ûñφñóÆ≤ó⌠ ßûôñÿÄ  O

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ßñûⁿ û· Θôñºⁿ £≤óÆ≤∞· ±±∞⌠ ÆºÿÄ ½≤ΓÿÄ≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ñÆ ≤√Ñ ñßô√ÿÄ ∞≤≥. ≤√Ñ ∞⌡⌐√ó∙Æ≥ ÿô óñ ÿñÜ±·ì ≈ñ ⌡Æª∙ Θôñºⁿ ûñÆûñ ⌡Æª∙ ßñûⁿ ΩñÆñ φ√ñó ⌡ Æφñ ≤√ôÑ■ û· æ⌡ñó⌠ ∞∩±·Æ■ √ô Ü±∩·Æ■ ûñ⌡⌠ ÆÑ ±ÿ⌠ ÆΘÿôó∙ ÆºÿÄ æ≤ñÆ ±√ô⌠ ó⌡ á» ÿ√ñ∙  ≤°ôó∙Æ≥. ûô Æ√⌠ ≈±· á⌡ó ±ⁿóÆ≤≥ æ≤£· ΘñÆ≈≥ ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ ≤Ω√½ÿÄ ÿ°ⁿ  ≤√ºÿÄ. ÆÑ á⌡Æ≤≤óφô⌠ á½⌡½ô ÆÑ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ Æºÿóßô óÆñ≥ Æφñ ∩µÑ⌐ⁿ ó√ó≤ó  ûñ Æ√⌠ áó±ÿφÑÆñ ±≤ÿÄ ≤°≤ó ⌡ ΘñÆ√ôó≥ æñ≤ó ÿô Æφñ ß±ñ■ ⌡ Θñ½ÿⁿ û⌡ó ÆºÿóñÆ∞Ä ⌐⌡ó.  !

  ±ÿ≤ⁿ ∞· óñ óºÿñ¿Å ⌐±ô ÆºÿÄ:

æ≤ô≤∞· óñ ≤√≥ Ωñ⌠ Æá√ñ û· ÿñÜ±· ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ùñóÆáÿ·Æ≤óì ≈ñ √∞Ä ±ÿ≤ⁿ  ñÆ Æºô¿Å ∞ôñ á⌡ó ºôáÿ·Æ≤ó. ÿñÜ±· ±ñ₧⌡≥ Θ√«ÅÆεºε≥ û√⌐ÿñ ûñ ùô√· ⌡ ±ÿ⌠  ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ Æû⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩₧ó√ó ÆºÿÄì ⌡ ÿñÜ±·≈ô■ ó√φñ φô∙ ÆÑ æ⌠ ±ÿ⌠ ÆºÿÄ ⌡  φô∙ ÆÑ ±ÿ⌠ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ ±ñ₧⌡≥ ó∞ÿñ ½û₧ⁿ ½ô∩ƒì ≈ñ √∞Ä ÆÑ Æ√⌠ ±ÿ⌠≈ô ñÆ  ±Ñ√ÿⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ ≤Ω½ô≤ⁿ.  ºô∩ⁿ ∞· û≤√ôó ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ÿôº√¿Å φñó√óì ÜÑò ∞ôñ≈ô■ Üôñ■ æ⌠ û≤√ôó  ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó⌠ ±ÿ≤ⁿ ±≤Ωƒ ⌡ ±½₧ƒ ÆÑ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· û⌡ó. ÿô £≤√⌠ ±ÿ≤ⁿ ±≤ÿ⌐ñ  ≤⌐ó∙ ⌡ ½₧ÿÄ æ⌠ ÆÑ º⌡■ óÆ≤⌐±≤óÆ⌠ ½ô₧ûÄ ½ε₧√ÿÄ ÿô√√ó ≤φñó√ó∙ì ≈√¥  ≤ºá·Æ■ ÆÑ ≤ºá·≈ô■ ±⌡Ü⌡ó ñÆ ûñ ó√φñ■ ≤±ⁿÿ⌡Æ⌠ ÿñÜ√ƒ óÆó £· ≈ñ √∞Ä ñÆ  Æ±ÿ√ôÑ■ ÆºÿÄ áô¼Å.  Æ±√ó ÆºÿÄ û≤√ôó ⌡ √ô ₧⌡Ñ∙ Ü∩√∩· ß∩±√· Ω≥ ûô Æ⌐ñÆΘÄ ÿ≤ⁿ £≤ó ÆÑ  ≤ºá· ⌐≤ôºô⌠ ⌡ ½ô₧û≤αñÆ⌠ ≈ñ £· Ñ⌡óÿñ £≤√⌠ ±ÿ≤ⁿ ñÆ ΘñÆ≈≥ ∞≤ó ⌡ ûñ æ⌠  ½₧· φúÆñóì ⌡ ÿ≤°ô ≤ºá· ±⌡ñó Æßÿ±ôó ±ΓñΘⁿ ⌐⌡ó.  ±ÿ≤ⁿ ñÆ ∞· Æ√⌠ áó±ÿφÑÆñ Æºô¿Å ÿñÜ±· ΩñÆñ óÆó∙ ±½₧ƒ ±ñ₧⌡≥ ⌐√í  ±₧±ó ßûó∙ ±Θÿⁿ ó√ôñ ±½ñ ÆºÿÄì ÜÑ óñ ±⌡Æñó■ ∞· á»ô ⌡ √ô ≤Ω½ô⌠ æ⌠ ±ÿ⌠  ±º∩≥ û⌡ó ∞· óñ æ⌠ ½⌡ñÿÄ û· ⌐ñƒ Æû⌠ Æ∩₧ó√ó ⌡ √ô ≤ºá· ½û₧ⁿ ½ô∩ƒ  ±ñÆÜΓÿÄ ÆΘÿôó. Æ±ô ⌐±ôñ∙ á»û·≈ô ⌡ ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ûñ Æºô¿Å ≤ºá·  O

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±ñ₧⌡≥ ½û₧ⁿ ½ô∩ƒ ÆºÿÄ. £ñÆ ∞· ±ΓÜ≥ Æ∩±Θ°ñ¿Å Æ∩Θôα ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ∞· ÆÑ º⌡■  ±÷ºº· Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñÆÿÄ Æºε±ⁿ ÿôûΣ Üô±Γ· ±óñº√⌠ ₧⌡Ñ∙ Ω≥ ΘñÆ≈≥ ⌐ó∙ ûñ Æºô¿Å ≈±√⌠  ≤ºá· ÆºÿÄ.  "

  ≤∞ôÿⁿ £≤ó óñûôñ∙ Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±·: 
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£≤ô≤∞· ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ⌐ó ∞⌡⌐¬Å ±ÿñÜ≥ ûñ Æ√⌠ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÿô ₧ó ±±∞⌠  ½≤ôßÿÄ≈ô■ ∩Θαⁿ ñÆ ≤√Ñ óñ ÿñÜ±· ñßô√ÿÄ ∞≤óì Æ±ô ûñ Æ√⌠ óΩ√Ω· æφô∙ û⌡ó∙  ÆºÿÄ ∞· ≤ûô√ó ±Γ≤ⁿ ΘóÆ■ æñÆ√¬Å ∩Θα φñóó. ûó√⌠ ñ⌡ óñ ₧ó ÿ⌡Æ≤ô√ⁿ ∞⌡⌐√ó∙  ÆºÿÄ ≈ñ ó⌡ Ü≤û· ñßô√ÿÄ ⌐⌡ó. ±±∞⌠ ÆºÿÄ ±»ô∩Γ· ∞≤≤óφô⌠ óñ ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ û·  ΘΓ∩ⁿ ûñá⌡ñ≤ó ∞· ±ô¡ⁿ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ ÿñÜ±· ±¡ôñπ æ±ó∙ ⌡ √ô ₧ô≡ ÆºÿÄ ⌡ óñ  Θôñºⁿ ½ΘÿÄ û· ∞ôñ ñΘÿ·. Æ√⌠ óφñφ⌡≤ⁿ ñÆ ÆÑ ≤ô æ⌐≤ô√ⁿ ±ÿñÜ≥ ≤óÆ≤≤ó £·  áô½√ÿÄ ÿΓû√ñ ≈ñ Ñûô⌠ óñ Æ√⌠ φ⌡≤· ±⌡Æñó ûô Ñûô⌠ ó√φñ ±ÿΘô⌡ÿÄ ÆºÿÄì ⌡  ñßô√ÿÄ Θ½ô₧ÿÄ φô∙ £≤√⌠ ÿµ√√ñ■ ñÆ ñá½ÿÄ ±ⁿó≈ó.  ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô ∞· ûñ á»û·≈ôì ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ⌐ó∙ -óñ ñ⌡⌐⌠  ºôáÿ⌠ ⌡¡Σ Æ⌐áô¼Åì ⌡ √ô ÆÜÿ±ôπ ⌡ √ô ±Γ≤ⁿ ⌡Æª∙≈ô ⌡ ∞ôñûñó æ⌠ì ⌡ √ô ÿôÖ√ñ  φΘÿôñ Æ±ô≥ óñ ºñÆ√≤óφô⌠ ⌡ ≤⌡√º≤óφô⌠- ±ÿ¡±⌠ Θô√óÿÄ á⌡Æ≈ó û⌡ó. Üô■  Æ√⌠ ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô ûô φúÆñó⌠ ⌐±ôñ∙ óñ ±ÿ⌠ Θôñºⁿ ±⌐á¼Å ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  ≤áºÿÄ ±ⁿá⌡Æºÿ√≥ ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô ñÆ óñ ùô√ô⌠ ≈ñ ½Θ₧· ⌡ √ô εÆΩ≡ óñ ùô√ô⌠ ≈ñ  á»û· ΩñÆñ ó≈√≥ Æ±ô £⌡⌠ ±Ωññ ⌐ó ∞· ÿñÜ±· Θôñºⁿ ûñÆûñ ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ ΩñÆñ φ√ñóì  ÿô á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ û· ≈≤φô≥ ∩Ñ⌡≥ ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ ñÆ ≈≥ ù√¬Å £⌐≥ óÆ⌐ÿ· ûô⌐óì ≤°ôó⌠ æ⌠  ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô óñ ùô√ô⌠ ½Θ₧· ûñÆûñ■ ±ÿ⌠ ⌡ ÿñÜ±· ñÆ û· ≈≥ ±ⁿÑó. ⌡ Æφñ ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô óñ  ùô√ô⌠ ≈ñ á»û· ≤°ôó∙ ±ⁿ⌐ó ≤ô≈±ô≈≤φⁿ óñ ½Θ₧·≈ô■ ∞ÿôûÄ ùó√ó ±ⁿφñó√ó.  ûó√⌠ ñ⌡ ÿñÜ√ƒ óÆó∙ ⌐ó ∞· ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô óñ ùô√ô⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ΩñÆñ φ√ñóì ≤áºÿÄ ÿΓ∩√Ω·  á»û·≈ô ù¿Å ÿΓ∩√Ω· ≤ô±·≈ô ⌡ ºù¿Å ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô■ ∞∩±ôÿÄ Ω½ôñ.  ûñÆ■ á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙Æ■ ∞· ±ÿ⌠ Θôñºⁿ ñÆ ù√¬Å £⌐≥ óÆñó ¡ñ⌡ñÿⁿ ≤√ºÿÄ ∞·  ùⁿ óñ ùⁿ û· ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô û≤φñóì Ñ√ñÆ æ⌠ ÆΘÑ⌡ó∙≈ô óñ ÿñÜ±· óáô∩ÿⁿ ≤óÆñóì ⌡  M

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á⌡Æ≤≤ó∙ ù¿Å ÆÑ ΘñÆσÿÄ ÆÑ á⌡Æ≤ó⌠ ÿñÜ±· Æφñ á⌡ÆºÿÄ ±ⁿÿ⌡Æ≤ó û· ÿΓ∩√Ω·≈ô ≈≥  ≤αñ■ û√Θ∞≤ó.  óñ æ±ôó∙ ºôáÿ⌠ Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· ó⌡ºÿô⌠ óÆ≤⌐±≤ó≥ æΩô√ô⌠ ó∞ÿñ º√ó ß∩ⁿ  ±₧±ó ºÜôó■ Æºÿôó óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ⌐°√ó û°⌐ÿⁿ ⌡ ó∞ÿñ ºΓ√ó ⌡Æßα  Æºÿôó óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ßε±· »ûô»ûô√ⁿ ÆÑ æσôÑ ÿô Æ≤Üô≥ ûô ±⌠  ≈±∞ôñ■ óÆ⌐ÿ·Æ≤ó. ÿñÜ±·≈ô ñÆ û· √ôñ■ æ≤ô⌠ ûô ±ÿ⌠ ±Ωôû∩· ∞ñó∙Æ√≥ ⌡ ûºô  ≤∞ÿ·≈ô ñÆ ∞· ÿú∞ñ óÆó∙Æ≤ó.  ≤√Ñ óñ ⌐Γñ≈ô ⌡ ΘΩñ∙≈ô■ Θôñºⁿ ∞· ±ÿôÖñ ÆÑ ºá≤ô⌠ ±⌡∩ⁿ ß∩ⁿ  ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ ÆºÿÄ ≈ñ ó⌡ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ ±á½⌡½ô æΩô■ ó∞ÿñ ºÜôó■ √ôóæ⌡ñ■≈ô  ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ∞· ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ºùôºφÑÆñ≥ ⌡ ±Ñó Æ√⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ÆÑ áóÆ ⌡ ß≤ô√ÿÄ ß∩ⁿ  ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥ á⌡Æ≈ô≤≥.  óñ £ôùÄ ⌡ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ Æ√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ûº√ôñ■ ÆÑ æΩô√ô⌠ ßÑ√Ñì áô∩½ô≤·  ⌡ û· áô»ñ ÆñÆóÿⁿ ∞· û· ±⌡ε■ ±ÿΩ√ô⌠ óÆ⌐ÿ·Æ≤óì ºôßÿ°ô ⌡ û∩∞· ñ⌡Ñ≈ô ⌡ ⌐û°ô  ½ñΘÄ ⌡ΩÿÄ ∞ñó∙Æ≤ó ∞· ú∞ñ ≤ô≥ ÿ±ô≥ æ≤°ô óñ Æ√≤Üô ±±∞⌠ ≤√ºÿÄ. ÆÑ ≈±· æ≤ô⌠  ºùôºφÑÆñ≥ ⌡ ÆÑ áóÆ⌡≤ó ûñÆ■ æ≤ô⌠ ÆÜñ ÜÑ√≡ á⌡Æ≈ô≤≥. Æ±ô √ôóæ⌡ñ■ Ñ₧±ôÿÄ ⌡  ≈±∞ôñ√°ô ⌡ ∞⌡⌐⌐°ô■ áô∩½ô≤· ⌡ ù√φ√ñ Æ√⌠ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ Æ∩ÑÆ±ⁿ ÆºÿÄ:  æΩô√ô⌠ ß∩ⁿ ±₧±ó■ Æñó≈ô∩ⁿ ±ó√ñ ßô±≡ ºôûδ ⌡ ÆûñÆ≈√≥ ±∞ε ±⌐ô⌡ñ  Θñ≈≤φⁿ ºôûδ ºôÑ±ô⌠ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñÆÿÄ ⌡ æ±⌡Ñ¬Å Æ≤ΩεûÄ Æºε±ⁿ ∞· ÆÑ Θ∞ñ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ  Æ√⌠ ÿñÜ±· ÆºÿΩûô≡ ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ ±Ωó±ôÿÄ æ⌠ ñÆ ùô√· φúÆ⌐ÿ≤ó. æΩô■ ±°≤ó¿Å  ñ¡ôáô≤ⁿ ÜÑ≤ⁿ ±ó√ñ ßô±≡ ∞≤⌡≤ⁿ ºôÑ±ô⌠ ∞· óñ ÿºñ√Σ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ ∞ÿôûÄ ºΓⁿ  û∩√Φ û· ∞ôñ ûñó≤ó. æΩô■ ß∩ⁿ »ôñ±ⁿ ñÆóì ±ó√ñ ßô±≡ ⌐ñ∞ÿÄ ÆΘºÿÄ ⌡ æΩô■ Ü⌡Æó Æ≤Ü±ⁿ ⌡ ºô√ñ ≈±∞ôñÆ≤⌐ô⌠ ∞· ûô ÿ⌡Ü· áô¼Å Æ±∞ô⌠ ÿºñ√Σ óñ £ôùÄ ⌡ ½₧ôΘⁿ  ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó≤ó. ≈±£≤√⌠ ∞ôñ∞≤ô⌠ ∩√ÿ⌡φñÆΘⁿ Ωó¿Å ⌡ ₧ñ⌡ΘÄ £√≤ⁿ  Ñ±ô≤ⁿ ∞· ≈±£≤ô⌠ ½û⌡ñ ±ô≤ó≤ó ⌡ ∞ôñ ñÆ û· ùô√ô⌠ ñºô≤ó≤ó. æΩô■ ≈ñ±Ñ ⌡₧√ó ∞· ≤αôñÿÄ ⌡ ù√φñ■ ±ñÆ₧≡ ÿ⌡∩√ó ∞ÿôûÄ ñÆ ûñ ß°ó∙ φñΘÿÄ ⌡ æ≤£· ∞· ≈ºÿÄ ±ó√⌡⌠  ú⌡δ ⌡ ±ñÆΩûÿÄ ⌐ûô≤· ñ⌡Ñ■ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ. æΩô■ ∞ô±ñÆ⌠ ÆΘ⌐ôñ ±°ôÜñ ∞· óñ  L

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½Θ₧·æñÆ√ⁿ ûá⌐ⁿ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ ≤°ô√ÿÄ ∞⌡⌐¬Å á⌡ó ñÆ û· ∞ôñ ûñó≤óì ⌡ ≈±£≤√⌠  æΩô■ ±₧±ó ₧º⌠ ÿûñÆö√ô⌠ ∞· ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ ñÆ ±Ωôû∩· ⌡ ÿ½₧√ƒ ∞ñó≤ó ⌡ æΩô■ ±₧±⌡ó  ßôó≡ ∞· σ∩» φ√ñ■ ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ ñÆ û· ùô√ô⌠ ûñó≤ó.  óáÿñ≥ ⌐∞⌡Θ· ⌐°√ó■ óÆ≤⌐Ü⌡■ Θ⌡δ ∩√ºô≤¿Å ñ⌐ÿ· Æóû√ôÿÄ Θôñºⁿ  óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ÿ°ñÆ⌠ óñ Æºÿ≤ºôí ±»ô∩ûÄ ⌡ σ∩» φ√ñ■ ±ÿ⌠ Θôñºⁿ ±ñÆ √ôñ■ óÆó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ áóÆ⌡≤ó ºε±ÿÄ ⌡ ñºÿφôñ■ ≈ñ ó⌡ Ü°ô⌠ ñÆ ûñÆ■ Æ⌡  á⌡Æ≈ô≤≥. ≤√Ñ ≈±∞ôñ ßÑ√Ñ ±⌠ æΩô■ º√ó ±ñÿ¡ⁿ ±Üÿûô√ⁿ óñ ±ô⌐√⌠ ∞ñó⌠  ±»ô∩ûÄ ∞ÿôûÄ ºôßÿÄ≈ô ½ñΘÄ ⌡ΩÿÄ ∞ñó∙Æ≤óì ÆÑ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ºùôºφÑÆñ≥ ⌡ ÆÑ ºô₧ÿÄ  ±⌡∩ⁿ Æ∩±⌡₧ó√⌠ ºΓôóÿÄ Æ⌡ ñÆ á⌡Æºÿôñ.  

   ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ ∞√ºÿÄî
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≈ñ £≤ó ±ñÆÜΓ· ∞≤≤óφô⌠ û· ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ Ñ≤óφô≤ⁿ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ ñ¡ⁿ  ñ₧±· Æ∩∩· ∞≥ ⌡ û√¬Å æφô≈≤ó Æ±ô Æ∞≤⌡⌠ ∞· ≤⌡⌐ÿ⌠ Æ√⌠ ±Ωó±· û· ùô√ô⌠ ±ⁿñºó  óñ√µ≥ æ±ó áε½·Æ■ ÆÑ ₧√ôÿÄ æ⌠ ûÑñφ⌡Æñ ñÆ ≤≤φôñ≥.  ±₧±ó û⌠ Æûⁿ Æ₧±ó ₧º≤ⁿ ±∞≤ⁿ û· Æû⌡Æ∩₧º⌠ ⌡ ±∩ΩûÄ û· ñ¡ⁿ ⌡  ±Γñ⌡ΘÄ û· º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ÆÑ ûÑñφô⌠ ß∩±ô■ ⌐√Γ· ⌡ Æ⌐Γñ »ô∩û√ô⌠ ß½ñ á⌡óì û∩∞·  Æ⌐Γñ ⌐ôßñÆ⌠ æ⌠ ß½ñ ÆºÿÄ. óñ Ñ≈ó ⌡ ÿΩ⌡■ ⌡ ∞±ô≡ ≤Θ¿Å ⌡ Ü±ô≡ á∩δ ±⌐°⌡ñ  ⌡ ±⌡ñó ₧ñ±ÿÄ áô¼Å ⌡ ßô≥ û⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  óñ ºô≡ 953 ≈Üñ■ Ω±ñ■ ±ÿ⌡∩ó ⌐ó ⌡ û· ºô≡ 404 óñ ûµóÆó óñφú⌐ÿÄ  ±ÑÆñ Æ⌡ óñ ±₧∩· ∞ñí ûµóÆó ±⌐°⌡ñ ⌡ Ñ√ôñÿφô∙ ≈±φô⌠ ÆºÿÄ. φú⌐ÿ· ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡ß·  ΘñÆ≈≥ æ⌡ñó∙ ÆÑ ºá≤ô⌠ Æ±ô≥ ⌡ ≤√Ñ ó√⌡Æ⌠ ⌐Γñ û√¬Å ÆÑ º√Ñó∙ ∞ÿôûÄ ó√φñ ÆÑ º√ó ⌐ñ√ΘÄ óñ óºÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ÆÑ æ≤Ü±∩· ÆºÿÄ "ÿ∩á√¼Å Æ∩û√ô⌠ ß⌠ ±ÜôÑÆÿÄ  Æ∩Ωñæ⌠" ∞· óñ ÿ°ñÆ⌠ ó⌡ ûôñ û· £ôùÄ ñº√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  ü
                             ⌡Æ∩ºε≥ ß∩√∞≥ ⌡ ñ₧±· Æ∩∩· ⌡ ûñ∞ôÿ· 
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óñ ±Ωó±· £ôùÄ Æ⌡≡ ÆÑ ±ñÆÜΓ· ∞≤≤óφô⌠ ûó√⌠ ∞ÿôûÄ ±Ωó¿Å á⌡Æºÿ· û⌡ó≥ì ≈ñφô∙  á»ô√ⁿ óñ ÆßñÆûÄì ¡û» ∞∩±ôÿÄ )ûñ Æºô¿Å ≤ºá· ßûó∙(ì √ô ÿñÜ±· ó√ó≤ó ûñ ±ÿñÜ≥ ±≤ÿÄ φúÆñ≤ó ⌡ Æ⌡ ñÆ æφô∙ Θñ±ô√≤ó. óñ Æ√⌠ Θô½∩· £≤ó ÿ⌠ ±₧ûÿÄ Θñ±⌡ó≤ó ⌡ ÿú∞ñÆÿⁿ óÆó≤ó ∞· ûó√⌠ ⌡º√∩· ÆÑ æ≤ô⌠ ºùôºφÑÆñ≥:  1- óÆ≤⌐±≤ó ÆñÜ±≤ó Ü≤ôûÄ æΩô■ Æ₧±ó Æ₧±ó■ ñö√¿Å ±₧ÿñ≥ ∞ÿôûáô≤· ±ºÜó  φ⌡≈ñ⌐ôó.  2- æΩô■ σε≥ ßûô¿Å ñ¡ôöⁿ Θôñτ Æ∩ÿ₧½√≡ ó⌡ñ∙ ó∞ÿñ■ Ñûô⌠ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ ßñûÄ  óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ÿ°ñÆ⌠.  3- ºñ∞ôñ áô≤≥ ≤Ü±· ñÜôöⁿ )₧º√≤ⁿ( Θôñτ Æ∩ÿ₧½√≡ ó⌡ñ∙ ó∞ÿñ■ ñ⌐ÿ· Ñûô⌠ ⌡  Æóû√ôÿÄ ßñûÄ óÆ≤⌐∞ó∙ Æóû√ôÿÄ óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ÿ°ñÆ⌠.  4- æΩô■ ±½»Θⁿ ±⌡º⌡■ óÆ≤⌐Ü⌡■ ó⌡ñ∙ ó∞ÿñ■ Ñûô⌠ ⌡ Æóû√ôÿÄ Θôñºⁿ  óÆ≤⌐φô∙ ÿ°ñÆ⌠ )û√⌐ÿñ ÿú∞ñ≈ô ÆÑ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ÆºÿÄ(.  ù¿Å ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñ £ôùÄ ó⌡≥  ó⌡ºÿô⌠ ó√φñ ≤√Ñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ÿñÜ±· æ≤ñÆ ûóΩÿÄ ≤φñ√ºÿ≤ó ⌡ º°⌡≈ôöⁿ ñÆ √ôóæ⌡ñ ⌐ó≤ó. ÆÑ áóÆ⌡≤ó ÿ⌡Θ√δ æ≤ô≤ñÆ á⌡Æ≈ô≤≥.  1-Θô¡≡ ÆñÜ±≤ó æΩô■ ß∩ⁿ Ωôö±ⁿ.  2- Θô¡≡ ÆñÜ±≤ó æΩô■ ₧º√⌠ óÆ⌡ó■.  3- Θô¡≡ ÆñÜ±≤ó æΩô■ ∞ñûôºⁿ ÆÑ ₧⌡Ñ∙ ß∩±√· Ω≥.  4- Θô¡≡ ÆñÜ±≤ó æΩô■ ₧±√ó º∩√±ô≤ⁿ.  ÆÑ ≈±φⁿ ºùôºφÑÆñ≥ ⌡ ±Ñ√ó ÿ⌡Θ√Ω⌐ô⌠ ñÆ ÆÑ áóÆ⌡≤ó ûÑñφÄ á⌡Æºÿôñ≥.   



 
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1 - ÿñó√ó óñ Æ√≤∞· Æ√⌠ ≤ô≥ ñÆ û· º∞⌡⌠ ≈ôò )≤°¢( ûô√ó á⌡Æ≤ó √ô û· Θÿƒ Æ⌡≡ ⌡ ó⌡≥ì û√°⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄì  £ñÆ ∞· Ü⌡≈ñ■ ≤⌡√ºó: ≤°¢ì ñÆ∙ æ⌐∞ôñ ÆºÿÄì ±≤°¢ ⌡ ±≤°ô¢ ≤√Ñ. ⌡ ÆÑ √Ñ√ó û⌠ áúÆδ ßûó■ æñó:  @   ⌡ ∩Ωó Æ¡ôò ∩∞Ä Æ∩»ñ√δ ⌡ Æ≤°ÜÿÄ    ºû≡ Æ∩±ºô∩∞Ä ⌡ Æ∩°ó■ ÿΓó■ 
ú⌡ óñ ∩ºô⌠ Æ∩ΓñûÄ æñó: »ñ√δ ≤°¢ û√⌠ ⌡Æ¡ƒ. ù¿Å ≤°¢ √±Γ≤ⁿ ñÆ∙ φ⌐ôó∙ ÆºÿÄ. Æ√⌠ ⌡Æª∙ ≈≥ Æ∞≤⌡⌠ óñ ±µñûÄ ßñûⁿ û· ±Γ≤ⁿ ∞⌡£· û· ∞ôñ ±√ñ⌡ó. Æ±ô ≤°¢ ùⁿ óñ ùⁿ ≤Θ¿Å Ñó⌠ ÆºÿÄ.  



  
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[2 - Æ½∩Σì ∞ºⁿ ÆºÿÄ ∞· ù√¬Å ºñ Æ⌡ ±⌡ ≤óÆñó ⌡ ±Ω½⌡óì Æ±ô≥ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ ß∩ⁿ ß∩√·Æ∩ºε≥ ÆºÿÄ.  



  
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K3 - ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· Æû⌠ Æûⁿ Æ∩₧ó√ó. ¢ 2 ¼Å 42 ÿ½₧√ƒ ±₧±ó Æû⌡Æ∩Θ¡≡ ÆûñÆ≈√≥.  



  
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I4 - ÆñÑ¬Å æó±ⁿ û· £√Ñ■ ÆºÿÄ ∞· æ≤ñÆ á⌡¬Å ±ⁿóÆñó. ±⌐°⌡ñ "±ô √₧º≤·" ÆºÿÄ.  



  
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5 -ºá⌠ Æ±ô≥ ß∩√· Æ∩ºε≥.  



  
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66 - Æ∩û√ô⌠ ⌡ Æ∩ÿû√√⌠ ¢ 1 ¼Å 38 ÿ½₧√ƒ ßûóÆ∩ºε≥ ≈ôñ⌡⌠.  



  
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7 - ⌐ñƒ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ¢ 1 ¼Å 42.  



  
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ó8 - Æ∩≤Öñ Æ∩Θ≤ⁿ ¢ 2 ¼Å 692 ⌡ ûñÆ■ ±Ωô√º· Θñ±⌡ó∙ ±⌡∩ⁿ Æ±√ñ Æ∩±÷±≤√⌠ ⌡ ≤⌡⌐ÿ· ½ôûⁿ ñÜ⌡π ∞≤√ó û·  ±Ωô∩· Æ√⌠ û≤ó∙ óñ √ôó≤ô±· ∞≤φñ∙ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ¼Å 302 û· ûΓó ºô≡ 0631.  



  
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â9 - ûñÆ■ ±Ñ√ó Æ»επ ñÜ⌡π ∞≤√ó û· ±Ωô∩· "≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ⌡ ÆÖñ∙ ß∩ⁿ ÆεóûÄ Æ∩Γñûⁿ ¼Å 911" ±₧±ó ≈ôó■ Æ±√≤ⁿ. ÆÑ Æ≤ÿ⌐ôñÆÿÄ û≤√ôó ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ·.  



  
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01 - ≤φô∙ ∞≤√ó û· ¼Å 92 ∞ÿôûÄ  



  
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11 - ≤φô∙ ∞≤√ó û· ¼Å 33 ∞ÿôûÄ  



  
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21 - ≤φô∙ ∞≤√ó û· ¼Å 64 ∞ÿôûÄ  



  
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 31 - ≤φô∙ ∞≤√ó û· ¼Å 122 ∞ÿôûÄ  



  
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\41 - ÆÑ ±Ωó±· ∞ÿôûÄ óñ ₧ô≡ £ôùÄ. ÆÑ Æ√⌐ô⌠ ºùôºφÑÆñ≥ ∞· ûá⌐ⁿ ÆÑ ±Ωó±· ñÆ óñ Æáÿ√ôñ≥ ≤°ôó≤ó.  



  
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N51 - ∩Ωó Ωÿ∩ÿÄ ∞°∩ⁿ. ⌡ ÆûñÿÄ Æ≈∩ⁿ ⌡ ÆÜÿÖÖÿÄ Æ½∩ⁿ. Θô⌠ √⌐Θ∞Ä ≈úÆ ΘΩó Æ⌐ÿΘ√ÿÄ.  



  
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ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡Æªφô⌠ ⌡ ±Θô≈√≥ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ûô ÿñÜ±· Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ ±ⁿûô⌐ó.  ±ÿ⌠ ßñûⁿ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ûó⌡⌠ ÆßñÆûÄ ûô Θ⌡≤ÿÄ Θôñºⁿ Ü°ÿÄ ÆºÿΘôó∙ Θôñºⁿ Ñûô≤ô⌠ ±⌡ñó ÆºÿΘôó∙ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ. ≤ºá· ßñûⁿ ⌡ Æ≤φ∩√ºⁿ ûñ≤ô±· ûÑ⌡ó■ ÿΩó√≥ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó.  Θ°ñºÿÄ≈ôöⁿ ∞· óñ Æ≤ÿ°ô■ ∞ÿôûÄ ÿ⌡º» ó∞ÿñ ⌐°√ó■ ÿ≤α√≥ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ óñ Ωº±ÿÄ ùª⌡≈¬Å ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ. »
     ⌡√ªφ√°ô■ ±±ÿôÑ ûñ≤ô±· ßûôñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ: 
            * ∩√ºÿÄ ù√ñÆºÿ· ∞∩±ôÿÄ. 
            * ≈±Ñ±ô≤ⁿ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ù≤Üñ∙ ÜºÿÜ⌡ ⌡ Θ°ñºÿÄ≈ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ 
            * ûⁿ≤√ôÑ■ ÆÑ ½Θ₧· ∞∩√ó. 
            * φÑÆñ¬Å ß∩±ⁿ óñ ±⌡ñó ⌐á½√ÿÄ ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π(. 
            * φÑÆñ¬Å ß∩±ⁿ óñ ±⌡ñó ⌐á½√ÿÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ.
            * φÑÆñ¬Å ß∩±ⁿ óñ ±⌡ñó ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ·.
            * ù√⌡ºÿÄ φÑ√ó∙ Æ⌐Γôñ óñ ±⌡ñó ₧¡ñÿÄ ß∩ⁿ)π( 
            * ù√⌡ºÿÄ ÿ½ô⌡√ñ ≤ÜΘÄ Æ⌐ñΘÄ. 
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»ñÆ₧ⁿì ÿ₧∩√≡ì ù√ôó∙ºôÑ■ ⌡ ºôöñ ±ñÆ₧≡ ÿ°√· Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ÿ⌡º» óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠  óñ ≤√±· ó⌡≥ ºô≡ 4731 óñ ±óÿÄ Ñ±ô≤ⁿ 3 ±ô∙ û· Æ≤Üô≥ ñº√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ.  ≤ºá· ûΓó■ Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· óñ ≤√±· ºô≡ 5731 ßñ¡· ±ⁿφñóó.  ∞∩√· ù√⌐≤°ôóÆÿÄ Æ≤ÿΩôóÆÿÄ ºôÑ≤ó∙ ⌡ ºô√ñ ±»ô∩ûÄ ⌐≤√ó≤ⁿ óñ ±⌡ñó Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ñÆ ∩»Θô ûô æóñ¿Å Ω≥ ½≤ó⌡δ ùºÿⁿ 993 58173 óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠  ±∞ôÿû· ≤±ôö√ó ÿô ±⌡ÜûÄ ÿ∞±√≡ ûñ≤ô±· ⌐⌡ó. |
                                            ûô ÿ⌐∞ñ ΘñÆ⌡Æ⌠
                                         óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôºÉÉ√⌠ 




   
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 "±⌠ ∩≥ √⌐∞ñ Æ∩±á∩⌡δ ∩≥ √⌐∞ñ Æ∩áô∩δ" 
óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ ÆÑ ∞∩√· ßÑ√ÑÆ⌠ ⌡ ûñÆóñÆ≤ⁿ ∞· óñ ±ñÆ₧≡ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ÿ°√· ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ≈±∞ôñ■ ∞ñó∙ ⌡ ûô ≈±ô≈≤φⁿ≈ô■ ±⌡Öñ ⌡ ±Θ√ó á⌡ó ±⌡ÜûÄ ÿ⌡∩√ó Æ√⌠ ÆÖñ  φñÆ≤û°ô φñó√ó∙Æ≤ó ΩóñóÆ≤ⁿ ⌡ ºùôºφÑÆñ■ ±ⁿ∞≤ó ⌡ ÆÑ áóÆ⌡≤ó ±≤ô⌠ ÿ⌡Θ√δ ⌡ÿô√√ó  û√⌐ÿñ æ⌠ ûÑñφ⌡ÆñÆ⌠ ñÆ á⌡Æ≈ô≤ºÿÄ.  L
* ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ₧ô½≡ ÿε¬Å φñ⌡≈°ô■ Ñ√ñ ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡ß· óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ ±ⁿûô⌐ó:  ║      1- φñ⌡∙ ÿ₧∩√≡ì »ñÆ₧ⁿ ⌡ ù√ôó∙ºôÑ■ ûñ≤ô±· 
      2- φñ⌡∙ ⌡ñ⌡ó ⌡ ÿ½₧√ƒ óÆó∙≈ô 
      3- φñ⌡∙ Θ≤ⁿ ⌐ô±≡ ñÆ≈≤±ôì φñÆΘ√∞Ä ì ⌐û∞· 
      4- φñ⌡∙ Æ±⌡ñ ùª⌡≈⌐ⁿ 
      5- φñ⌡∙ ÆóÆñ■ ⌡ ÆÜñÆöⁿ 
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*óñ ÿ°√· ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ÆÑ ù⌐ÿ⌡Æ≤· ⌡ ₧±ô√ÿÄ ±Γ≤⌡■ Æ⌐áô¼Å ₧Ω√Ωⁿ ⌡ ₧Ω⌡Ωⁿ ó√φñ ≤√Ñ û°ñ∙ Üºÿ·Æ√≥ ∞· ûó√≤⌡º√∩· ÆÑ ∞∩√· Æ⌐áô¼Åì φñ⌡≈°ô ∞· û≤₧⌡■ óñ û°û⌡ó ∞√Θ√ÿÄ ûñ≤ô±· ±ô ñÆ √ôñ■ ≤±⌡ó∙Æ≤ó ÿ⌐∞ñ ±ⁿ≤±ôö√≥.  Æºô±ⁿ φñ⌡≈ⁿ ÆÑ æ≤°ô ßûôñÿ≤ó:  ,
    1- ±ñ∞Ñ ÿ₧Ω√ΩôÿÄ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ■ ß∩⌡≥ Æºε±ⁿ 
∞±ñ∞Ñ ÿ₧Ω√ΩôÿÄ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ■ ß∩⌡≥ Æºε±ⁿ óñ ÿ°√· ûñ≤ô±· ÿôÖ√ñ ûºÑÆöⁿ óÆ⌐ÿ· ÆºÿÄ ∞· ûó√≤⌡º√∩· ÆÑ ∞ôóñ Θ≤ⁿ ⌡ ±á½⌡½ô ÆÑ ±ó√ñ ßô±≡ ±₧ÿñ≥ ±ñ∞Ñ ∞· ûô ₧±ô√ÿÄ ⌡ ≈±ô≈≤φⁿ≈ô■ ±⌡Öñ Æ√⌐ô⌠ φô±°ô■ ûÑñφÄ óñ ÿºñ√Σ óñ ÿ°√· ûñ≤ô±· ûñóÆ⌐ÿ· ⌐ó∙ ÆºÿÄ ÿ⌐∞ñ ±ⁿ⌐⌡ó.  #
    2- Æºÿôó ó∞ÿñ º√ó ÜΓΘñ ⌐°√ó■ 
╧Æ√⌐ô⌠ ûô ÆÜôÑ∙ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ÿñÜ±· º∩√¿Å ⌡ ñ⌡Æ≤⌐ô⌠ ûñ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· √∞ⁿ ÆÑ  ù⌐ÿ⌡Æ≤·≈ô■ ±Γ≤⌡■ ÿ°√· ûñ≤ô±· û⌡ó∙ ⌡ ¡±⌠ ÿ⌐∞ñ ÆÑ Æºÿôó φñÆ≤±ô√· Ö⌡ÆûÄ Æáñ⌡■ Æ√⌠ ÆÖñ ñÆ û· ñ⌡ƒ ùñ Θÿ⌡ƒ ΘñÑ≤ó ûñ⌡±≤ó⌐ô⌠ ⌐°√ó Æ₧ºô⌠ ⌐°√ó■)ñ∙(  ÿΩó√≥ ±ⁿ≤±ôö√≥.
$
    3- ±ºö⌡≡ ùª⌡≈⌐∞ó∙ ûôΩñ Æ∩Γ∩⌡≥ 
ç∞· ûô ÆÜôÑ∙ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ∞ÿôûÄ º√ó ñ¡ⁿ ûñ ºô₧≡ ≤°¢Æ∩ûεσ· ÆÑ ±Ü±⌡ß· ó√óÆñ ûô ÆûñÆñ ûôßÖÄ ÿºñ√Σ óñ ÿ∞±√≡ √∞ⁿ ÆÑ ù√⌡ºÿÄ≈ô■ ûñ≤ô±· φñó√ó≤ó.  



   
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THelpTopicx ╞═════════════════════════╔▄
 ╨      óñ ûôñ∙ √ôº√É⌠     ║█
 ╘╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╬╚█
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
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óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ ûô ≈óΘÄ ≤⌐ñ ⌡ Æ⌐ôß· Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æºε±ⁿ æσôÑ û· ∞ôñ ≤±⌡ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. g
)ÿΓóÆó■ ÆÑ Θ¡ε■ ₧⌡Ñ∙ ß∩±√· Ω≥ ⌡ ±ÿá½½√⌠ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñì≈√öÿÄ ±÷º¿Å ⌡ ≈√öÿÄ ±ó√ñ∙ Æ√⌠ óΘÿñ ñÆ ÿ⌐∞√≡ ±ⁿó≈≤ó.( ≈
óñ Æ±ÿóÆó ≈óΘÄ Θ⌡δ ûñ≤ô±·≈ô■ ∞⌡ÿô∙ ±óÿÄ ⌡ óñÆÑ ±óÿⁿ óñ óºÿ⌡ñ ∞ôñ Æ√⌠ óΘÿñ ΩñÆñ φñΘÿ· ÆºÿÄ ∞· Ñ±√≤· Æ½∩ⁿ Æ√⌠ ΘΓô∩√ÿ°ô ó⌡ ÖΩ≡ ßα√≥ ì Ωñæ⌠ ±Ü√ó ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æ≈≡ û√ÿÄ "ß∩√°≥ Æ∩ºε≥" ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ûñ≤ô±·≈ô■ æ±ôó∙ ÆñÆö· óΘÿñì ÿ°√· ⌐ó∙ óñ ºô≡ 4731 ßûôñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ: :   1-     ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■                "≤ºá· 00.1    Θôñºⁿ"
âÆ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ∞· ûñ≤ô±· ±⌡Ü⌡ó ±ⁿûô⌐ó Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡Æªφô⌠ ⌡ ±Θô≈√≥ ≤°¢ Æ∩ûεσ· ÆºÿÄ. ûñÆ■ ÿ⌡¡√ƒ û√⌐ÿñ û· Ωº±ÿÄ ñÆ≈≤±ô óñûôñ∙ û⌐ñ■ ±ñÆÜΓ· ⌐⌡ó. ;
   2- ûñ≤ô±· ≤óÆ ΩñÆöÿÄ º⌡ñ∙ ∞⌡Öñ ≈±ñÆ∙ ûô ÿ½ô⌡√ñ ±ñû⌡»·.
╘
ó⌡ ûñ≤ô±· Θ⌡δ ñÆ√φô⌠ û⌡ó∙ ⌡ ûôûÿÄ ≤ñ≥ ÆΘÑÆñ ≈√£φ⌡≤· ⌡Ü°ⁿ óñ√ôΘÿÄ ≤±ⁿφñóó. ≈ñ φ⌡≤· ⌡Ü°ⁿ ûôûÿÄ ≤ñ≥ ÆΘÑÆñ óñ√ôΘÿÄ φñóó σ√ñ ±ÜôÑ û⌡ó∙ ⌡ £≤ô≤£· ûô £≤√⌠ ±⌡Æñó■ ñ⌡ûñ⌡ ⌐ó√ó ±ñÆÿûÄ ñÆ û· óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠ Æßε≥ ≤±ôö√ó. r
ûñ≤ô±·≈ô■ ó√φñ■ óñ óºÿÄ ÿ°√· ⌡ ÆÜñÆ ±ⁿûô⌐ó. ÿΓóÆó■ ÆÑ ûñ≤ô±·≈ô■ óΘÿñ ∞· óñ ºô≡ 5731 ßñ¡· á⌡Æ≈ó φñó√ó ßûôñÿ≤ó ÆÑ: 
    1- ûñ≤ô±· ₧Θα Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥
└Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· Ü°ÿÄ ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ óñ ÿºñ√Σ ûá⌐√ó⌠ ⌡ ÿΓ±√δ ₧Θα Ωñæ⌠ ∞ñ√≥ ûô Æÿ∞ôò ûñ Æ½⌡≡ ⌡ ñ⌡⌐°ô■ ß∩±ⁿ ₧Θα ₧ôΘα· ⌡ ó√φñ Æ½⌡≡ ß∩±ⁿ  ⌡ ûô ÆºÿΘôó∙ ÆÑ Ωôû∩√ÿ°ô■ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ »ñÆ₧ⁿ φñó√ó∙ ÆºÿÄ. »ñÆ₧ⁿ ⌡ ÿ₧∩√≡ Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· óñ û°ôñ ºô≡ 3731 æσôÑ ⌐ó∙ ⌡ ≤ºá· Æ⌡∩√· æ⌠ óñ ºô≡ 5731 ßñ¡· ±ⁿφñóó. óñ Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ßε⌡∙ ûñ Æ±∞ô≤ôÿÄ ±áÿ∩ΘÄ £≤ó ÿñÜ±· ⌡ ÿΘº√ñ Ωñæ⌠ û· Ñûô≤°ô■ Θôñºⁿì Æ≤φ∩√ºⁿì ßñûⁿì ±⌡Ü⌡ó ±ⁿûô⌐ó. Æ»εßôÿÄ û√⌐ÿñ óñ ±⌡ñó Æ√⌠ ûñ≤ô±· ûÑ⌡ó■ Æßε≥ á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. >
    2- ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■                 "≤ºá· ⌐±ôñ∙ 00.2    ßñûⁿ"
Rûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ ßñûⁿ ûô Ωôû∩√ÿ°ô■ ÆßñÆûÄì ñ√⌐· ⌡ Ωôû∩√ÿ°ô■ ½⌡ÿⁿ ÿ½⌡√ñ■ ßñ¡· á⌡Æ≈ó ⌐ó. A
    3- ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■                 "≤ºá· ⌐±ôñ∙ 00.2    Æ≤φ∩√ºⁿ"
:ûñ≤ô±· û⌐ñ■ û· Ñûô⌠ Æ≤φ∩√ºⁿ ûô Ωôû∩√ÿ°ô■ Θ⌡δ ßñ¡· ±ⁿφñóó. )

  óß⌡ÿÄ û· ≈±∞ôñ■ óΘÿñ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ √ôº√⌠
╕
ÆÑ ≈±· Θñ≈≤φÄ ó⌡ºÿô⌠ ⌡ ßεΩ±≤óÆ⌠ û· ÿ₧Ω√δ óñ Ñ±√≤· Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æºε±ⁿ ∞· óñ Ñ±√≤·≈ô■ ú√≡ ±ô√≡ û· ≈±∞ôñ■ ûô⌐≤ó óß⌡ÿÄ û· ≈±∞ôñ■ ≤±⌡ó∙ ⌡ ÆÑ ∞∩√· ù√⌐≤°ôóÆÿÄ óñ Æ√⌠ Ñ±√≤· ÆºÿΩûô≡ ±ⁿ∞≤ó. !
Ñ±√≤·≈ô■ ≈±∞ôñ■ ßûôñÿÄ ÆºÿÄ ÆÑ: »  1- ÆñÆö· »ñ₧°ô■ Üó√ó óñ ≤ñ≥ ÆΘÑÆñ≈ô■ Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æºε±ⁿ
  2- ±⌐ô⌡ñ∙ ⌡ ≈±∞ôñ■ óñ Ñ±√≤·≈ô■ ÿ₧Ω√Ωôÿⁿ Θñ≈≤φÄ ⌡ ±ΓôñΘÄ Æºε±ⁿ
  3- ±⌐ô⌡ñ∙ ⌡ ≈±∞ôñ■ óñ Ñ±√≤·≈ô■ Θ≤ⁿ ⌡ ∞ô±ù√⌡ÿñ■.
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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